THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

THE CANADIAN BANK OF COMMERCE

HEAD OFFICE, TORONTO

CAPITAL, $10,000,000 REST, $6,000, 000

B. E. WALKER, President ALEXANDER LAIRD, General Manager A. H. IRELAND, Superintendent of Branches

BRANCHES IN EVERY PROVINCE CF CANADA AND IN THE UNITED STATES AND GREAT BRITAIN _ ND NR CUCL ULCERS ENR IA ILE TTC LE IRN ET TITRE AS TIN TELE NEL AN LTTE DEI LETTER,

BRANCHES IN ALBERTA

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~ GRANUM NANTON VERMILION HARDISTY PINCHER CREEK WETASKIWIN HIGH RIVER PONOKA

BANKING BY MAIL

Accounts may be opened at any branch of the Bank and deposits made or withdrawn by mail. Every attcntion is paid to out-of-town accounts.

A SAVINGS BANK DEPARTMENT WILL BE FOUND AT THE BRANCHES OF THE BANK IN CANADA

$656,000 Subscribed Capital $656,000

Cash Deposits with Three Provincial Governments

HAIL INSURANCE

it Is Every Man's Privilege to carry his own risk and save the insur- ance premium, but why pay a premium and still carry the risk,?

We Offer insurance that has been on trial for TEN YEARS in Manitoba

and Saskatchewan and it shows an unbroken record of loss claims PAID IN FULL, to which thousands of satisfied insurers will bear witness,

Why Experiment with something that is on record as having failed when- ever put to the test of a bad hail season, or with the NEW and UNTRIED METHODS of Companies having little or no knowledge of Hail Insurance.

OURS is not cheap insurance, but an article that CAN BE DEPENDED UPON, and the price is reasonable.

THE CENTRAL CANADA INSURANCE CO. ~ Brandon, Man. THE SASKATCHEWAN INSURANCE CO. “ Regina, Sask. THE ALBERTA-CANADIAN INSURANCE CO., Edmonton, Alta.

INSURANCE AGENCIES LIMITED

GENERAL AGENTS be

LOCAL AGENTS in all cistricts

Will be pleased to quote rates and furnish other information

WINNIPEG, BRANDON, REGINA

Money to Loan i" Fire Insurance CEDAR: IN CAR TAMARAC -P OS TS: LOTS: :

Jno. M. Chisholm, Tribune Building, W innipeg

Do not forget to mention Paper.

April 20th, 19.

SS ENEENENEN EEE WENeNEE

NEEM

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Model 5 Reading Standard Single Cylinder 3 hp.

Speed 5 to 50 Miles an hour

Grip control

PRICE

$290 - $315

With Battery Ignition a Magneto (Bosch)

, Showrooms ——__— Central Garage, Water Street

WRITE FOR 1910 CATALOGUE Phone 286

TN HME

Motor-Boat

Puncture proof :

Non-- ce

Western Distributors of the Famous MULLINS Pressed Steel Boats 16 ft. Special 3h.p. Lauit ‘h, comy + te, $175.00 f.0.b. Winnipeg ist. Bhp. 2 250.00 * ’ 18 ft. Leader 6hp. 365.00 “ . 20 ft. Auto Boat, 10 h.p. * ne 600.00 ~* . Special prices quoted if order is placed immediately Full particulars and four color Catalogue on request

Winnipeg Motor-Boat Company

151 Portage Ave. Ore, WINNIFSS, Man, Phone Main 9394

ai]

The 3 Guaranteed

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April 20th, 1910

Announcement Watch Your

Label

Quite a number of sub- scriptions to The Guide will expire during the next few weeks. You can tell when your subscription expires by watching the label that appears each week on the front cover of your paper. This issue is No. 38. If your label is No. 4-1 your subscrip- tion will expire in three weeks. If itis 38 then your subscription expires with this issue. We want you with us. Send us your dollar at once and help along the cause. We have a great many good things in store for our readers during the coming year and do not want any person to miss a single copy.

Remember you are getting big value for your money. It ‘costs us more than $6.00 to publish The Guide. We give ‘it to you for $1.00. Our ad- vertisers pay the balance for the privilege of placing before you theiradvertisements. Thus you see the importance of the advertisements,and you should patronize the advertisers who use our paper. ‘Tell them you saw their ad. in The Guide. Send along your Dollar for renewal promptly.

‘THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

. $10 and $12.50

RAINCOATS

FOR

We are offering special values in fine Raincoats for a couple of weeks. They include fine serge and worsted effects in Oxford greys with invisible checks and stripes, also a number of plain blues. Steam vulcanized cloth, velvet collars, dressy styles. Sizes 36 to 44 in., full length.

Write for Mail

Order Price List

566 Main St, WINNIPEG

F. J. KNOTT

THE GRAIN GROWERS] GU[DE

Better Than - Leather!

Better for Your Feet— and a Minute’s Trial Will PROVE It!

Gr 2

losers. You don’t buy the shoes.

Y no sale unless you say so, looks better to you than the shoes.

them,

# Don’t hesitate.

way than any shoes you hav

Page 8

Our Free Examination Offer To Every Reader of This Paper

y’ We are so confident that our Steel Shoes are just what you need that we want (4 tosend you a pair at our own risk for examination, there in your own home, and if you're not convinced at once—then we are the | You merely a \ deposit the price as an act of good faith. There's Money is yours if it You run ab- solutely no risks—you’re put to no trouble. We couldn’t afford to make this offer if our Steel Shoes were not all we claim them to be. In fact, we can’t even do them justice by writing about There’s so much to tell that you couldn’t believe it all. Once you have seen them you will wonder how you ever got along without them. All we ask is that you merely try on a pair before | a you buy any other style working shoe. easier, dryer, lighter, more comfortable, neater and better in every | e ever worn, then refuse them instantly, Write to us at once to send for the shoes at our ex- |

ust try them on right |

Send Today

~Write a letter like this:

‘To N, M. Ruthstein, Steel Shoe Co., Dept. 428 foronto: Enclosed find P. UO, order for

Paar Send a pair of your Steel Shoes, size .... for ex- amination. If not satisfactory you will send for the shoes PetaStar and I will get my money back at once.

If you don’t find them |

po” pense, and every penny of your money will be returned immediately.

STEEL SHCE CO., Dept. 425, TORONTO, CANADA

AMAZED AND DELIGHTED—THOUSANDS OF WEARERS--—ENTHUSIASTIC PRAISE Could Nowhere Near Realize the Wonderful Advantages of Steel Shoes Until They Actually Tried Them! ~ Strongest—Easiest—Lightest—Best in Every Way!

The great enthusiasm aroused every- where by the discovery that Steel Shoes are better for the feet and better for the purse than any leather shoe is attracting so much attention that we give the fol- lowing for the information of readers:

Steel Shoes are made at Toronto, Can- ada. The whole bottom of the shoeand

‘one inch above the sole, all around, is made of a special, light, thin, rust-resist- ing, seamless steel. One piece of steel from toe to heel. Uppers are of best quality pliable waterproof leather, fas- tened forever to the steel. No moisture can possibly get inside. with soft, springy, comfortable hair cushions which add 'o the ease of walk- ing and absorb all perspiration and odors,

Steel Shoes are lighter, more springy

Soles are lined *-

and more comfortable than any other work shoe or boot made. ‘They prevent corns, aches and blisters. :

Adjustable steel rivets protect the sole rom wear and give a firm footing. Can easily be replaced when worn off—50 rivets for 30 cents— enough to keep the shoes in perfect condition for two years,

One pair of Steel Shoes will outwear

three to six pairs of leather shoes or boots, _

and save $5 to $10 a year right there.

Then, by protecting the feet from mud, slush, cold, dampness and all weather condi- tions, they prevent colds, rheumatism, lost time and doctors’ bills.

Steel Shoes come in different heights for different uses...Any height can be had in any size from $5to12,-..

Steel Shoes, 6 inches high, $2.50 a pair: better grade of leather, $3.00 a pair; exira

grade of leather, black or tan color, $3.50 a pair; 9 inches high, $4.00 a pair; extra. grade of leather, black or tan color, $5.00 a pair; 12 inches high, $5.00 a pair; extra | grade of leather, black or tan color, $6.00 | a pair; 16 inches high, $6.00 a pair; exira - grade of leather, black or tan color, | $7.00 a pair.

Steel Shoes are the most important discovery for working men in the last 100 years. Any reader desiring to ex- | amine them can do so upon deposit of | the price he wishes to pay. Just write © to The Steel Shoe Co., Dept. 378, Teronto, | Canada, state what size shoe you have been wearing and what style you want, |

The 6-inch high, at $3.50 per pair, or the , 9-inch, at $5.00, are the best for ordinary ° work. The shoes can be returned if not satisfactury, and your money will be refunded, [

42) | 5 D f You'll say, ‘Tt greatest shoes lever wore. Don'< know how I ever Ss d T d Don’t Delay! ee eee

wear Steel Shoes you save money, so—

miata) ainialalaiatalaininiaisinjatataia|minialaiatel

A Great Farmer’s Paper

HAVE plans made to develop The Guide into a journal which will be to the farmers of the west the most complete and valuable on the continent. At the outset we broke new ground and began ‘to show our readers how they were being fooled and robbed by special interests. This we will continue to do. We have

been publishing the best collection of farmers’ letters to be seen in the west. Our provincial departments have recorded the growth and activity of the farmers’ associations in the various provinces. Our market reports are the only ones of their kind that the western farmer ever sees. Our other depart- ments have been improving. ' We have in mind still greater improvements that will mean a great deal to our readers. All these improvements cost a great deal of money and the paper will be improved as we receive support. Another very important part of The Guide is the advertising pages. These pages contain announcements of business firms who want to sell to the farmers of the west. Every farmer should read the ads. in his paper. Gladstone once said that it was a liberal education to study the advertising pages of an American magazine. If it was profitable for an empire builder, how much more valuable is it for the farmer who buys through these advertisements? We want our readers to get in touch with the dealers through The Guide. It will help us all. If you don’t see what you want in The Guide ads. let us know. Our aim is to have advertised in The Guide everything the farmer wants to buy. We can do this if our readers patronize the firms that advertise with us. That will help us to make The Guide a better paper, and soon the farmers of the west will have the satisfaction of knowing that they own and control the finest farmers’ paper in Canada.

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

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i \ \ \ a iad - {HE GRAIN!) GROWERS" GUIDE April @0th(.1910

| 200000000000000000000000800080000 00000000080 GOO OOO00Y

Putting on the Screws

SS SN)

How the Farmer Benefits by a Protective Tariff

$00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000H0000000000000000000OOOOO $O0OO00000000O0000000000000O0000000000O0000O000000000000000000000OOOOOOOO

QOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOO

April 20th, 1910.

Wes PVCS

The easy Guide

ADDRESSED TO THE FARMERS OF

NET

Published under the auspices and employed as the Official Organ of the M:nitoba Grain Growers’ Association. ‘The Saskatchewan Grain Growers’ Association and the United Farmers of Alberta.

Can«dian Subscriptions. $1.00 per year in advance.

Foreien Subseriptions, $1.50‘ 3 4s

Advertising Rates on Application,

Address all communications to The Grain Growers’ Guide Winnipeg. '

Change of copy and New Matter must be received not later than Friday noon each week to en- sure Insertion.

APRIL POWER TO OUR ARM

On another page of this issue of Tur Guipr will be seen a resolution passed unanimously by the executive of the Manitoba Grain Growers Association repudiating the charges of partisanship made against Tur Guinn. We are glad to publish this resolution, though we knew before that the executive was com- posed. of fair-minded men who would support a fearless and independent paper such as Tur GuipE has always been. Of course, we knew that our opponents, who are the opponents of the farmers interests, would endeavor in every way to discredit Tur Guing. But we will continue upon our course, and backed by the independent farmers. of the west we do not fear any efforts that may be made by their enemies to discredit both the farmers and Tue Guipr. Independent we have been and: will continue to be.

20th. 1910

kor

KILL THE RETAILERS’ TRUST

It is up to the members of the House of Commons to keep their eyes upon the bill which has just passed the senate to incorporate the Retail Merchants’ Association. This bill will be before the House of Commons at once and the merchants are lobbying in earnest to have-it become law. Once they have it passed they will be able to put the screws upon the producers and consumers harder than ever. It was owing to the lobbying of the Retail Merchants that the co-cperaticn kill was killed. They saw that the co-operaticn bill, if it became law, would give the consumers an opportunity to do their own business if the merchants. did not give them a square deal. Now, after having the consumers turned down they want to form a trust that will levy still heavier toll from the men who support them. The consumers keep the merchants alive and have no objection to paying them a legitimate profit on their business, but. they do object to placing themselves at the mercy of any merch- ants. In the United States the Retail Merchants have got such a grip on the: consumers that they are now one of the strongest combines in the Republic—a land of great combines. Are we to have the same thing in Canada? We certainly will if the members of the House of Commons betray their constituents and give the merchants. the power to form a combine. We:hope the. members will do their duty and relegate the retail merchants’ bill to-the waste paper basket under the committee table.

THE GRAIN GROWERS”.GUIDE

TO REGULATE THE COMBINES » There is a bill now before the House of Commons which provides machinery whereby

combines, trusts and mergers which unduly

enhance the price of any commodity may be brought to terms. The bill is fathered by Hon. MacKenzie King and is backed by the government. The bill aims at regulating the combines through moral influence by means of publicity, but it provides for criminal pro- ceedings and heavy penalties in case other means fail. Under the provisions of this bill the people of Canada can have a combine Investigated without bearing all the cost themselves as is the case under the present farcical law in force. Under the new bill; when any producers believe there is a combine they can go before a judge of high court and make out a prima facie case, and after that the government will assume the cost and the investigation. This puts the machinery of the law within reach of the farmers. Take the case of the cement merger. A few farmers can go before a judge and show that the prices of that commodity have been jumped beyond all reason since the formation of- the trust. The government will then step in and order an investigation. This investigation will be con- ducted by a board of three. The complainants will name one member, the trust or merger will name one member, and these two will choose the chairman. If they fail to agree the govern- ment will name the chairman, who must be a judge of high court. This board will have all the powers of a court and will summon wit- nesses and investigate the matter thoroughly. Care will be taken that full publicity is given to all the facts and it is hoped that the publicity will have a. good: effect upon the trusts. In case the board finds that a combine does really exist and that the price of cement is unduly enhanced the combine will be given a certain time in which to reduce the price to the figure named by the board. If this is not done the government will then proceed against the men who control the trust and they can be severely punished. The bill also gives the government power to reduce the tariff, if necessary, upon any commodity, in order to bring the price down to the proper level.

There can be no doubt but that this new law will assist in the work of regulating the trusts and securing a square deal for the people of Canada. It is legislation along the right line. It is time that something was done to protect the farmers of Canada from the rapacity of the corporations.

There is something which the government is overlooking in this matter. When there is grievance to be remedied the ordinary common sense way of proceeding is to remove the cause. The cause’ of the combines is the protection afforded to them by. the tariff. If the govern- ment wanted to settle the question as to whether there was a combine the quickest way to find out would be to reduce the tariff on cement. If the tariff was taken off of ce- ment the price would come down at once. However, the government has to be. careful in handling their friends, the corporations, so it is. useless to expect too much at once. The Canadian Council of Agriculture will be among the first to invoke the aid of the new law. They will soon set the government to work to see if there is not a combine in con- trol of the wire fence, cement and cotton in- dustries. We only hope the government will not be forced by the corporations to give up the.idea of passing this bill. Let the good work proceed, but we maintain that to reduce the tariff would be the quickest and surest method of handling the combines.

bot, WAITING FOR THE COMMISSION

We have been waiting for the appointment of the Manitoba elevator commission. If the new act is to aid the farmers towards securing relief from the exactions of the Eleva- tor Combine during. the coming grain: season, there will have to be a lot of work done first.

_a real democratic government.

| Page 6.

The Grain Growers’ Elevator Committee have >’

submitted four names to the government and we believe they named three men as a first choice who can make the Elevator Bill the most successful possible under the cir- cumstances. We do not want to urge undue haste upon the government of Manitoba, but we think they have had plenty of time to appoint the elevator commission. | As soon as the commission is named, if it is com- posed of men suitable to the Grain Growers, and we have the assurance of the government that it will be, the farmers will be anxious to see Manitoba government elevators all over the province. Under the competent, im- partial commission which the government will appoint, the farmers will have the assur- ance that the full powers of the new law will be put into motion at once to have the elevator system in Manitoba made over in the interest

of the farmers of the province. We hope

before another issue of THe GurpE goes to the country that we shall have the pleasure of announcing the names of a satisfactory elevator commission that will take hold of the new act and give to the farmers the best it will provide.

ee ¢

SOMETHING TO THINK OVER

The season of the year has now arrived when the farmers will be too busy in the fields to give much time and attention to the work of the local branch associations of which they are members. However, working in the field does not require generally that the mind shall be actively engaged on the same work that is being done by the hands. As the farmers are driving over their fields, putting them into

‘crop and later barvesting them, their minds

will be free to take up a great many subjects of interest. Among the subjects that should receive most careful attention, is that of the function of the local branch associations. - The three western provinces are now organized. into local branches on a scale which has never before been approached in Canada. Each

one of these branches. should be the centre

of thought, intelligence, activity and progress for its community. Though it may be called by any name, the name does not limit’ the scope for activity. Through their local branch associations the farmers of Western Canada have an opportunity to revolutionize the civili- zation of the west. If the local branches do their duty the next ten years will see such changes in the three western provinces as would not have been deemed possible five years.ago; even by the most advanced thinkers. During the summer is the time to outline schemes for fulfilment during the winter. It will be but a few months before harvest is. done and leisure time will come again. Plans should be made which will insure the perman- ency of each local branch association. If the organization is to be of value to the farmers of the community it must be permanent. The work of the association should be such that the youngest: members could look ahead to the future and have some incentive to put their shoulders to the wheel. The educational work that could be done in the local branches is without limit. It should be a training school to fit the farmer and his son, and his wife and his daughters, to play their parts in the rearing of a high standard of civilization. It would be well to have some definite course outlined for study and discussion during: the winter months. Haphazard methods seldom produce satisfactory results. mee

eee DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES IGNORED

The true principles of democracy are not sufficiently understood, nor are they as clearly adhered to in Canada, as they should be under In Canada, we are inclined to boast at times that we have the most democratic form of government in the world. We elect our representatives in

our’.various houses of parliament, and. from

these representatives the government, or cabi-.

Page 6

net ministers are chosen. These ministers are responsible to the people—that is, they are supposed tobe. In this way we have respon- sible government. As a matter of fact, how- ever, our system of government places the men in authority too far away from the people. Our governments are day by day becoming more of the opinion that they are the rulers of the people rather than their servants. This idea, which prevails to too great an extent is due largely to the attitude which farmers take towards governments. It is also due to the fact that a great percentage of the tax payers and electors of Canada do not consider very carefully the exact relation existing between governments and the people.

While we have a good system of government in Canada in many ways, yet it can be greatly improved upon. Our governments are no better or worse than the electors make them. If we place a government in power and leave it there with undisputed control for a number of years, the government soon begins to con- sider that it is the dictator of the people who elected it. When a government gets to this position it is inclined to regard rather lightly the wishes of the people. Thus it is that great corporations gain their control over governments. Corporations have no votes, but the men who control them also control a great deal of money and influence. Thus the further the government gets away from the people the nearer it gets to the corporations. It is largely the same with every government in Canada. The corporations are organized and know how to go after what they want. The people are not so well organized and expect their governments to protect them. The interests of a corporation should be considered from the standpoint of the people, because the government should represent the people and the people only. This is a subject which should be given a great deal of thought by the farmers of Canada, | They should see to it that the men they elect really represent them and are their servants and not their masters.

_ & &

HUDSON BAY RAILWAY PROMISES

According to newspaper reports, the Domin- ion government will bring down in the supple- mentary estimates during the present session in the House of Commons, an appropriation to be spent on the Hudson’s Bay Railway. Hon. George P: Graham, Minister of Rail- ways, is the main authority for this statement. The Toronto Globe had been devoting some space to a criticism of the Hudson’s Bay railway project, and endeavored to throw cold water on the scheme. This is a narrow-

_ minded effort on the part of a great journal to endeavor to stop the wheels of progress in the west. In eastern Canada they cannot ‘understand the rate at which we are travelling in this country. A little advance in popula- tion and crop production in Eastern Canada means a great deal, but when they come to consider the immense advance made in the west, it is hard for the eastern mind to appre- ciate the hard facts. We are glad to know that the Dominion government aims at an attempt to fulfil its promise of “immediate construc- tion” of the Hudson’s Bay Railway. It is time that some move was made at Ottawa towards this end. Investigations have been going on for years, and the people of Canada have been led to believe that there was moun- tains of information in the possession of the government of a nature to warrant going ahead

_ with the construction of the railway. The people of the west have been of the same idea and they have their hearts set upon a road to the bay. There is not only some sentiment in the matter but also a great deal of business judgment. It is a matter of practical import- ance to the farmers of the west, that the road to the bay be constructed at once. The time for dallying and playing with the question has gone by. Pre-election promises are be- coming played out, and in future governments

“THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

that hold the confidence of the people must make up their minds that they must do some- thing for the people at other times, than im- mediately before elections. Putting an appro-. priation in the estimates is useless unless it is spent immediately upon construction.

f _ t bk

IMMIGRATION SHOULD BE RESTRICTED

The present season promises the greatest immigration in the history of Canada. Al- ready immigrants from the Old Country and also United States, are pouring into Canada by the thousands, and the end of the season will no doubt see several bundred thousand new citizens in the Canadian West. It is very pleasing to all that our country is so attractive that it draws men from all nations. If they are all of the right calibre, they will greatly assist in building upthe west. What we need chiefly is men who will bring their families and locate on farms and remain there. We

have no need of more pepulaticn for our cities, °

as these centres will he built vp plenty fast enough by the return from the country. We want men with their families who know how to do the work on the farm and who can make a success of it. The best settlers are those who have had practical experience in farming and bring with them sufficient capital to make a good start in a new country, where condi- tions may not be quite so favorable as in the land from whence they came. This is what should be kept in mind by the immigration authorities. There can be no question but that a great many people that came into Cana- da in years past as immigrants have been of very little benefit to Canada. Of course it impossible to tell how every man will turn out, from a casual inspection. However, the man that comes into the country should not only be financially qualified, but should be physically and morally qualified, to take out citizenship in this country. It would be far better to have a slightly reduced population of high class, than to have a great population of lower physical and moral quality. If we bring in people to this country who are lower than ourselves in the intelectual, physical and moral standard, then they will have a detrimental effect upon the present popula-

tion. If we bring in only the very highest class, they will have an elevating in- fluence. We cannot afford to bring in the

lower class, because it is too great a menace to our civilization. There are plenty of desirable people in the world who would like to come to Western Canada, without encouraging any of the undesirables, The winnowing machine should be kept in operation continually at the points where immigrants enter Canada: The good seed alone should be allowed to enter and the chaff should all be returned to its original dwelling place. Let us not work too hard for quantity, but rather for quality. e+ ¢ ¢

JUST A POSSIBILITY

Down in the State of New York a great many people are righteously indignant over the way in which John Jacob Astor is securing land upon which to maintain a princely estate. By the time he completes his purchase he will own a great number of farms, also several villages. All this means a great deal of des- truction and a distinct loss in productive capacity. It is said that Astor will employ only 40 persons on his estate, where formerly there was quite a population. is occurring away down in New. York State, but it has a moral bearing very closely upon conditions in Western Canada. At the present rate at which great fortunes are being piled up through the aid of special privileges, West- ern Canada is certainly facing a danger. We have in this western country millions of acres of land that are as yet vacant. Up-

wards of thirty million acres are now owned:

by two great corporations and. other millions

of acres are controlled by smaller corporations:: All this land is held out of use and is being’

kept by its owners for a high-price..:.These’

This is what.

April 80th, 1810.

vast holdings were a straight gift of the natural resources of Canada to corporations. On a smaller scale this same principle is involved in land ownership over the entire west. Land is being held out of use by the speculator continually. Every bit of this idle land is increasing in value at an enormous rate such as is not being equalled probably anywhere in the world. ‘This increase. in value is being created by the working people of this country. Almost the whole of it being done by the farmers. In addition to the crops they are raising, the farmers are adding mil- lions untold to the value of the vacant land near them, yet in return, they do not get a single advantage from that vacant land. True, the system of taxation in. the western provinces is an improvement on that-of the eastern provinces and many other countries. The fact that improvements are not taxed is a great benefit to the farmers, but it is only one step in the right direction. Not only should. the improvements upon farm land be not taxed, but the idle land should. be more heavily taxed. The portion of the un- earned increment of this idle land should certainly go into the public treasury. The municipalities should have power to impose a heavier tax on land held for speculation than on the land which is being honestly worked by the farmers. Of course when this principle of taxation is advocated, a great many people will at once arise and shout, “Henry Georgeism.” ‘Certainly it is along the line of policy laid down by the “Prophet of San Francisco,”” only Henry George went still further. It is not well to go too far at one move, but it is certainly advisable to protect our farmers. If some move is not made to protect them, the future of Western Canada will see landlordism in existence on the scale unknown in other lands. It is al- ready in existence to a great extent and may have some benefits, but the wealthiest, wisest, happiest people that can live in and develop any country, are those who own the land upon which they live.

bo a

A man who works honestly during the.day: and devotes a portion of his leisure hours daily to good books and study will forge to the front in any line of work in which he may be engaged.

¢ ¢ €& Pe

Let us have the elevator commission so we can. get to work and prepare for the wheat crop this fall. The Combine is tottering; let us keep them going.

¢ ¢ ¢ ;

When we reduce the spread between people and governments it will be of more value to the farmers than reducing the spread _ be- tween street and track—and that is con- siderable.

ee &

The investigation now being made at the terminal elevators may show something. of interest. When rogues are to be watched, however, it is better not to give them warning. Any man can be straight for a short time if he knows the eyes of the law are upon him.

ee ¢

The farther the probe goes: into the Great Waterways deal the less there seems to be in it. It has the appearance of some of the systems of high finance.

tek ¢

~The past generation has seen wonderful. changes in conditions. 'The day when the farmer was regarded as the peasant and fit only to work for the support of his “betters” has gone by. The profession of ‘agriculture has come to the front faster than’ any other occupation in the last fifty years. The farmer, who once was looked upon ‘as a ¢clodhopper, is now rightfully regarded as the mainstay: of the nation. Day by day the farmer looms larger on the horizon.’ What has been’ the: cause of it? Education. “ Knowledge is power” was never proved more true than in the case’ of the farmers.) 6650 30 42 a AG

See! oe ee) ee

Che

Vol. II

Published Weekly at 275-277 Sherbrooke Street, Winnipeg, Canada

Authorized by the Postmaster-General, Ottawa, Canada, for transmission as Second Class Mail Matter

SSS}. _ ESESaSaESaSaS=S==—OXOEXE

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 20th, 1910

Grain GrowersGui

‘aN %

No. 38 .

INCE the plan of direct

people’s will is sovereign all the time.

[t Will Stop the Spoils System in Canada

legislation has been en- dorsed: .by the great ma- jority of Grain Growers’ Associations, and United » Farmers’.Unions in Man- itoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta..it has become a subject of live, pul- sating interest to the members. The. system proposed of the initiative, referendum and recall has been acclaimed. by nine- tenths of those who have had the matter explained to them as a remedy for the present day legislative evils.

In view of this, then, it will be opportune to trace the beginnings of effective thought on this subject, and to examine the pro- gress of its advancement in the world to the present time.

The drift of public sentiment towards the extension of the initiative and referendum is shown by the early articles written upon the subject. In 1886 Professor A. V. Dicey of Oxford University wrote on the referendum in “The Nation;” in 1888 Boyd Winchester, U. S. Minister to Switeerand: began: to write ‘about ‘Swiss institutions; Professor Bernerd Moses in the following year published an essay: on “The Federal Government. of Switzerland” and. Sir Francis ,Adams’ “Swiss -‘Confederation” also appeared in 1889.

In 1890 the ‘Universal Reviews” contained an article on the referendum by E. A. Freeman, and W. D. McCrackan wrote a series of letters on the initiative and referendum for the New York Evening Post, and followed them with articles in other publications. In 1891-2 many writers took up the subject, and the first direct legislation organization in America was formed in Newark in 1892. There is now a National ‘Direct Legislation League.

Since the early nineties there has been so much written onthe subject that today it requires six or eight pages of small type to record ‘the titles of the books and leading articles which have been published in the United States and Canada. That there is nothing partizan about the movement is shown by the fact that it has received support. from the press of all shades of political partizanship. In some of the states in the union it has been made a plank in the platform of every party in the state. In England the conservative party has stated the refer- endum as one of its leading aims, and in Australia a powerful movement is on foot to secure the obligatory referendum ‘in case of any. deadlocks or legislative disagreement between the two houses.

Endorsed by Leaders of Thought

Among the supporters of direct legis- lation are such men as John Wanamaker, William J. Bryan, John. J..Woolley, the

rohibitionist, Samuel Gompers, labor eader, Dr. Lyman Abbott, Lord Salisbury, Lord Rosebery, William Dean Howells, Arthur J. Balfour, Hon. Robert Treat Paine, Jr. and Frances E. Willard.

William. Dean Howells wrote “I am altogether in favor of the initiative and referendum as the only means of allowing the people. really to take part in making their. laws and governing :themsel ves.”

A letter from Rev. Lyman Abbott contains these words: “In my judgment the remedy for, the evils of democracy is more democracy; a fresh appeal from the few to the many; from the managers tothe people. 1 believe in the referendum and within limits the initiative because it is one form of this appeal from the few to the many.” ade

Something about the Growth of Direct Legislation ; What it has Accomplished; What the Leaders of Thought Think of it; How it Destroys the Power of Legislators to Legislate for personal ends; Its Tremendous Advantage over the present system by means of which Party Success means Power to Mould the Laws of the Country

The Hon. John Wanamaker _. wrote, “T heartily approve of the idea of giving the people a veto on corrupt legislation. The movement to secure for the people a more direct and immediate control over legislation shall have my support. I trust such a movement will receive the thoughtful attention of all who would improve our. political and industrial conditions. I am willing to trust public questions to the intelligence and con- science of the people.”

Frances E. Willard, president of the World’s Womans’ Christian Temperance Union, wrote: ‘I believe in direct legislation and think it is so greatly needed that language cannot express the dire necessity under which’ we find ourselves. The reign of the people is the one thing my soul desires to see;

ont

because they have lost control of their government, the most powerful instru-

mentality for the creation and distribu- -

tion of wealth in society. Its government must be recovered by the American people, peaceably if possible, but it must be recovered. Direct legislation would be the ideal means for this peaceable revolution. If the revolution is to be accomplished otherwise, direct legisla- tion will stand forth in the new order as the only means for expressing the popular will that a free people will exer- cise. No future republic will ever repeat the mistake of giving its delegates the opportunity to become its masters.” Lord Salisbury, the great English statesman, has said: “I believe that nothing could oppose a bulwark to popu- lar passion except an arrangement for

meen ERT nn.

H. Bailey and Family, Willow Bend Farm, McDonald, Man.

the reign of the. politician is a public ignominy. I also believe that direct legislation is certain to become the great

‘political issue in the immediate future.

The people are being educated by events. They are coming to see that there is no hope for reform under the existing system

‘of voting.”

The following extract is from a letter written by Henry D. Lloyd, author of “Weallh Against Commonwealth”’:

“Direct legislation—the initiative and

, referendum—must be supported by every

believer in free government . The people have carelessly allowed — their delegates in party, corporation and government to become | their rulers, and now they are awakening to the startling fact that the delegate has be- come their exploiter. The people’ are losing control of their means of subsistence

deliberate and careful reference of any matter in dispute to the votes of the people.”

Direct Legislation Must Come

The late Professor Frank Parsons writes in his book, ‘*The City. for: the People’: ‘A little more than a hundred years ago every nation in the. civilized world was under an absolute aristocracy. The .past century has been full of tre- mendous movement in the direction of democracy; 1775 all absolute monarchy; 1875 not an absolute government in America or Europe, except in Russia and Turkey; all the rest on the high ground of» constitutional, government, with representative houses and. wide suffrage, or still further. up ‘the. slope where kings and nobles absolutely vanish, with a few almost at the top, where the

From absolute king to sovereign people— that is the fundamental movement of the age; and do you think it will stop part way? Will forces that the kings and emperors and aristocracies of Europe have not been able to resist be held jin check by a few politicians and plutocrats? Not if the people continue to think. Not if the press and the school can be kept from the schemers’ control. If: the movement toward democracy ‘does not stop—if the evolution of equality in government does not cease, direct legislation must come. It has come in Switzerland and to a large extent in America, is used to some extent in England and France; is vigorously de- manded in New Zealand and Australia, and is bound to come here, and in every. other country where the trend to demo- cracy is strong, because there is no other way in which the rule of the few can be entirely supplanted by the rule of the many.

An idea of how the movement for direct legislation has grown in the United States may be gained from the fact that in the last few years direct legislation amendments or laws have been introduced in almost every legislature in the country. The following are some of the. states where direct legislation measures’ have been introduced: Indiana, Ohio, Michi- gan, Wisconsin, North Carolina, Dela- ware, New Jersey, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, Washington, Mon- tana, Idaho, New York, Illinois, North and South Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Ore- gon, Washington, California and perhaps elsewhere. In some states vigorous work has been done for the referendum at every opportunity since 1894. In a number of cases the measure has passed one house and in some cases both houses, but failed for lack of a 2-3 vote or for some other reason. In still other cases, the bill came within a few votes of passing.

South Dakota was the first state to embody, in November, 1898, consti- tutional provisions for the initiative and referendum. Oregon was the second state to pass a constitutional amendment for direct legislation which was adopted on June, 4, 1906, by a vote of 47,678 to 16,735. The people of Oregon are now proving the educational value of their legislative responsibility. A committee of 18 citizens has only recently drawn up a bill for new constitutional amend- ments, thanks to the freedom of initiative accorded them. It is ‘‘Designed to provide a system by which the conduct of state and county government may be made as efficient and economical as the management by the citizens of their private business.”

Prevented a Franchise Grab An instance of the benefits of the refer-

_endum was recently afforded in Kansas

City where the people, with their votes, revented a franchise grab. The exist- ing franchises of the Kansas City Street Car Company will expire in 1925. Taking time by the forelock, the company sought an extension’ of 26 years, carrying their monopoly down to’ 1951, ‘This was. granted by the’ council and approved | by the mayor, but /was' checked by the. , referendum. The -ordinance. made. little: ,; or no provision for public -protection, oj and it re-enacted all legal rights as to fares. which the company now: have. The. late Professor Frank Parsons, in his book, “The City for the Péople,’’ * Continued on page 30 oN

Page 8

THE GRAIN

GROWERS’ GUIDE

April 20th, 1910

What The Grain Growers Have Done For You

A Brief History of Reforms Achieved by This Association which has brought added Wealth to every Western Farmer. Giant Young Organization has produced a feeling of reliance among Producers, and Grain Growers stand for their rights with assurance that the Association is behind them, and that they will receive Justice.

HE Grain Growers’ Association came into existence at a time that was full of hardship to the producer in the marketing of his grain. Soon after the coming of the railways into the west the production of wheat exceeded the local demands; yet it was some time before capital could be persuaded to invest in an elevator system. At that time the C.P.R., in order to encourage the building of elevators, granted a monopoly of the grain trade to those who would build standard elevators of not less than 25,000 bushels capacity. The com- pany had no power to do this, but it suited their purpose.

Capital was not slow to take advantage of the privilege thus granted, and we very soon had the beginning of our present elevator system. The producer was not considered, except so far as he was useful in making profits for the railway and elevator companies. He had to put his wheat through the elevators and take the elevator grades and weights.

After a time the elevator companies organized for the better carrying on of their business, such as securing of bulk lots of wheat for export, better freight rates, both rail and water—things benefi- cial to the producer as well as the dealer. Monopoly is never satisfied so long as it can squeeze a cent out of its victims. The conditions which permitted the grain dealers to make the foregoing

arrangements also allowed them in prac- .

tice to control prices; the grading of the wheat; the amount of dockage they would take; and run the business in a way that would bring the highest profits to them- selves. Farmers Wake Up

This was the state of the grain trade up till 1899. The farmers of Manitoba and the territories in the old settled districts by this time had gotten in much better condition financially and were protesting most seriously, through the press and by public meetings, against the exactions of the grain combine. This grew to such an extent that the federal parliament was induced to take the matter up in 1900 and legislation, known as the Manitoba Grain Act,— by which the whole grain trade of the west was brought under control and supervision—was passed. Just as soon as parliament had taken this action the elevator combine took an advance step in perfecting their organization. which up to this time had been held to- gether more by mutual consent rather than by rules, by-laws and regulations, for the reason that at times this did not prove binding enough on individual members.

Elevators Go One Better

This consisted in organizing what was known as the North-West Elevator Association, and which was re-organized some years later as the North-West Grain Dealers’ Association. Every mem- ber joining had to subscribe to their constitution and by-laws. The object was by removing street buyers agreeing on the price to be paid at the initial shipping points pooling receipts, etc., to remove competition entirely and re- duce the grain trade of the entire west to one huge monopoly.

The purpose of the Manitoba Grain Act was to free the farmer from these exactions by allowing him to ship his wheat by direct loading of the cars through flat warehouses or however he chose. These privileges were most vigor- ously opposed by the railway and elevator interests, and the farmer did not reap the full benefit from it, partly because the railway and elevator companies ignored the act to a great extent, and partly because many of the farmers did not know the relief the act contained, and when they did were not in a position to enforce its provisions.

Farmers Organize

This was the state of affairs in 1901, when the farmers, goaded to desperation by the wheat blockade of that year and the wrongs they were suffering, organized under the body known as the Territorial Grain Growers’ Association.

This was shortly after followed by a similar one throughout Manitoba, and

‘requiring al

A Circular written for the Saskatchewan Association by Fred. W. GREEN, Gen.-Secretary

later on by one with the same aims in Alberta known as The Alberta Farmers’ Association. These organizations have always worked in harmony for the general welfare of their common interests. To be in the best position to do this it was decided to have an organization composed of the executive elected from time to time from the different associations and known as the Inter-Provincial Council of Farmers’ Associations. This body which met from time to time to take joint and con- certed action on questions which affected the farmers of all provinces alike, is now superseded by the Canadian Council of Agriculture.

It was very fortunate for the young association that the men who were direct- ing its affairs were not fire-eaters, or it would have been short-lived, doing little good for the grain producers and little harm to their oppressors, but would

company must grant site for an elevator. The permission to erect flat warehouses ona siding where there is no platform, or the existing one will not hold all asked for at one time. Compelling all grain dealers to be bonded, and -many other minor amendments.

(3) The joint conference in Winnipeg in 1904 of the producers, grain men and railway interests to consider proposed changes in the grading and supervision of grain. The reccommendations of this conference were embodied in the Grain Inspection Act, assented to 10th of Aug- ust, 1904,

(4) A joint conference of the Manitoba and Saskatchewan representatives. in February, 1906, to consider proposed changes in the Grain and Inspection Acts. The goverument granted the changes asked for in the Inspection Act, but claimed that they did not have the

R. S. Ferris and his

have stood as another monument to the old repeated assertion that farmers are not able to hold together.

The young organization immediately set to work to deal with the grievances calling most loudly for redress. It would be impossible in a short article of this nature to enumerate all the good works and reforms that this joint organization of grain growers of the three provinces has brought about.

Benefits Received Through Organization

For new settlers and those who may not have had an opportunity to follow the history of the past events, we might make special reference to the following:

(1) The enforcement of the law in several cases, with the result of not having it fairly well obseyved..

(2) The joint delegation sent by Manitoba and the Territories to Ottawa in 1903; succeeded in securing all the amendments to the Grain Act asked for, including that valued privilege the farmer now enjoys of securing a fair share of the available cars, and not being forced to sell his wheat. at a sacrifice to the elevators. This has meant very much to the farmer, but he has not been able to receive all the benefits arising from

it owing to the car shortage occurring

The appointment

warehouse commissioner, dealers in grain to take: out a license, leaving it to the warehouse commissioner to decide whether a railway

from year to year. of a. deput

Greys, Holland, Man.

necessary information to deal intelli- gently with the changes asked for by the Grain Act. Our representatives then proposed that a grain commission be appointed to inquire into ‘all phases of the grain trade. This request was acceded to, and the Royal Grain Commission was appointed which made an exhaustive inquiry. Their recommendations were discussed and considered, and with the exception of a few minor points, endorsed by the Inter-Provincial Conference at Saskatoon in February, 1908, and have now become law.

\ few of the most important are: It is an offence under the Act for the elevator company to dispose of a_ bill of lading without the consent of the owner. If the operator of an elevator is found breaking the law by improper weights, dockage, or otherwise, he is liable to a fine of $100.00, and the elevator company shall discharge him. He shall not be re-engaged by that or any other elevator company for the space of one year; if so, the commissioner shall cancel the license of the elevator. If any grain firm, member of a firm, or dealer, or any authorized agent of a grain dealer or firm shall influence by circular letter or otherwise, the manager of any country elevator, to give unjust weights or take excessive dockage, he or they shall ‘be liable. to a fine of $500.00. It ‘shall be the duty of every grain commissjfon merchant upon selling any grain’consigtied

to him for sale to immediately notify the consigner of the quantity sold, the name of the purchaser, the price therefor, the date of sale, the grade, the amount of advance and the terms .of delivery of such sale. An applicant may order - a car according to his requirements, and if he requires any special standard size he shall have such size stated by the station agent in the car order books, and in the event of the railway company furnishing a car or cars to that station of a size not required by the applicant. the applicant shall not lose his priority, but shall be entitled to the next car of the size designated which can be de- livered at such station.

Anyone is liable to a fine of $150.00 who:—Transfers or sells his right to any car alloted to him; accepts any transfer of the right of any applicant to a car; any party who loads a car not allotted to him by the station agent, or loads a car out of his turn, according to the pro- visions of the Act; any person who places a name on the car order book contrary to the Act; any person may institute proceedings, and upon securing conviction for infringement of any of the foregoing violations of the act shall be entitled to receive half the fine. All particulars in the car order book shall be filled in with ink. Every track buyer must receive a receipt from each car purchased made out on the authorized form. The railway company must keep an agent at a flag station where a certain amount of grain is shipped during the shipping season. Any grain dealer or dealers entering into an agreement to pool the earnings or receipts of country eleva- tors shall be liable to a fine of $1,000 for each offence. The warehouse commission- er shall have power in his discretion during the car shortage to direct the railroads to make an equitable distribution of empty grain cars to all stations in proportion to the amount of grain available for shipping from such stations. The Stand- ard Board have been given the power to fix standards for oats that they now have for wheat. The binning of wheat at the terminal elevators is put under the control of the inspection department. The amount of domestic grain in dockage made by the inspector shall be marked on the certificate, and the shipper shall be allowed for the same at current price

How It Used To Be

Before we got the car distribution clause inserted in the Grain Act, a farmer could not get a car to ship his wheat if an elevator wanted it, and had to take. whatever the grain trade offered him. Before the inspection act was amended preventing mixing at the terminals, etc., our wheat sold for $ cents per bushel less than Duluth inspection in the British markets. It lately sold for 6 cents per bushel more. We _ got the practical control of the terminal elevators at the last session of parliament, all binning of wheat being done under a government inspector. The grain growers of the west have benefited 5 to 10 cents per bushel by these and other laws secured by this association, or from $5,000,000 to $10,- 000,000 on the estimated crop of the west for lust year.

The different associations have decided on the government ownership of elevators, and are taking joint action to try and bring this about.

To put the associations on a more permanent basis and save the trouble and expense of collecting an annual fee, a permanent membership scheme has been adopted by which a member pays $12.00 and becomes a member for life. The fund thus created will be invested and used for the work of the association.

From time to time interested parties have tried to have legislation passed or

resent laws changed that would have been inimical to the interests of the grain grower, which the association has pre- vented, such: as car distribution, etc., and by this work alone the grain grower has been very much benefitted.

The vast amount of work done in such a

short time for the grain growers, and done

almost entirely by themselves, has been

“an object lesson and has produced a feel- “ing of reliance and given them more than “a “passing glimpse ‘of ‘their own power

Conlinued on page'23""'

April 20th, 1910

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Public Ownership in New Zealand

public ownership is working out

satisfactorily, if published reports

can be believed. In New Zealand the government does most of the things that in other countries are done by individuals or private companies, with the result that the people as a whole benefit. The government owns the rail- ways, the telegraphs, the telephones, the coal mines, sells life insurance, fire in- surance, discharges the functions of public trusteeship, provides old age pensions for the indigent and state pensions for government employees, and_ exercises general supervision over everything affect - ing the comfort and happiness of the people. ,

New Zealand was the pioneer in the adoption of .a two-cent postage all over the world. It was found to pay. too, for last year the post office handed $653,000 to the public treasury, and in the last ten years it has produced profits amounting to nearly $4,000,000. When the railways and. state-owned revenue- producing properties begin to pay more than the interest on the capital employed in construction and development, the cost of service is reduced. A_ railway journey of 250 miles which in 1900 cost six dollars, costs only $2.50 today. A bale of wool which was carried 100 miles in 1900 for $1.78, is carried today the same distance for $1.34.

In order to promote the most effective cultivation of the soil for the benefit of the 1,000,000 inhabitants, special concessions are made to farmers in the transportations of manures and fertilizers and seeds. Small settlements are en- couraged and the holding of large blocks by individuals discouraged—the latter by the imposition of a graduated tax.

No Millionaires

There is a large amount of public and private wealth in the country, but no millionaires. They are not wanted because the people have a confirmed

Toentt is one.country at least. where

Ss Seri

belief that where there are millionaires there is poverty in its most extreme forms, which is happily absent from New Zealand today. The people are fond of amusements and sports. They may not, owing to the climate, have hockey and lacrosse, but they have football and cricket, and other season- able games. They have successfully stocked their rivers with trout and acclimatized deer in the mountains, so there is plenty of hunting and fishing. Wages are high and the government helps labor in every way it can, as might be expected from a succession of labor ministers which have held power. It is part of the duties of the police all over the island to report to the labor bureaus where employment. is. available. They are thus encouraged to be on the outlook for something besides crime and it does them good. Effort is concentrated to get people who fall into irregular employ- ment out of the cities into the country. Men looking for work are given passes over the state railways on the under-

standing that they refund the price from _

their future pay or have it deducted from their wages if they get employment on public works. Public. works are carried on mostly by co-operative labor instead of by the usual contracts. Under this system groups of workmen consisting of four or upwards, may elect a foreman, take a contract for a given piece of work and share the proceeds equally, the gov- ernment buying the material and super- vising the work. This has been found to result in better work, lower cost and better men., Graft is unknown in the country.

This is really no fairy tale, but plain facts as they are stated by the premier and chief justice. There are, of course, special elements about the case of New Zealand—its isolation, its newness, its moderate climate, etc.—which make it a peculiarly good field for social experi-

ments which might not be so successful

elsewhere.

The Unearned Increment

The success which is attending the efforts of the western grain growers in the direction of government. ownership of elevators raises the hope that other much desired changes will result from the excellent organization which has been brought about. t

One question in particular which should receive their immediate and earnest attention is that of the unearned, untaxed increment in connection with unimproved lands. In a country such as the Canadian west where a steady increase in land values is as certain almost as the continued rotation of the seasons, no safer and at the same time more productive investment can be found than that provided by the soil, and the fact is showing itself today in the wide areas of land being held at unreasonably high figures where but five or six years ago a sod had been turned or a homestead taken up.

The farmer who, five years ago, staked his claim in a wilderness may now, after those years of effort find himself in a

osition to extend his’ operations, and Tools longingly perhaps upon the neigh- boring quarter section of “railway” land. What does he find? Simply this, that while he has been earning the difference in value between his erstwhile virgin homestead and the present im- proved farm, he has also been earning from perhaps ten to fifteen dollars per acre for the absentee owner of the adjoin- ing 160 acres. :

In other words, the man who lived on his land during those years did home- stead duties for two, and today if he wishes to extend his farming operations, ‘he must pay for the work performed by himself and in ratio to the extent of his past energy.

Whole Community Sutters

But it is not merely a question which affects the individual farmer. The whole community must suffer in impaired development by reason of the withholding of land from settlement until such time

as a value is reached sufficient to satisfy the parasitic speculator.

It is, of course, true that the unim- proved land pays a share towards the upkeep of schools and the building and maintenance of roads, but such contri- bution is in ninety-nine per cent. of the cases insignificant in comparison with the return in enhanced value to the owner as result of such expenditures of taxes.

Briefly the question can be summed up in the statement that while we levy an income tax upon a citizen’s salary, the absentee landowner, whose income from the unearned increment is quite as certain as the salary in question, is under the present system exempt. In Great Britain they are beginning to treat increases in land values due to sur- rounding development as belonging rightly to the community who created them rather than to the creature of circumstance in whose name they happened to be held, and in Canada the same view can very justly be taken.

In Canada the untouched wealth created by the mighty development now going on should contribute in a very large part to the maintenance of government and its institutions.

—Battleford Press. ow we

The telephone trust, the second largest trust in the world, it being outranked only by the United States Steel Corporation, came into legal existence March 30, when there was filed with Secretary of State Koenig, at Albany a certificate of an increase in the capital stock of the American Telephone and Telegraph Co. from $200,000,000 to $500,000,000. After Mr. Koenig had accepted the papers a cheque for $10,000—the state tax—

was sent to the state treasurer by the

officers of the company. wm om w& He only is fitted to rule who is afraid to rule wrong. ‘ eo oe

Once there was a woman who couldn’t be flattered; but she got lost.

Page 0

Clean Skimming

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The MAGNET much importance we attach to its

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To say that it is the best may seem so little, but if you knew how

The skimming clean is some- thing that doesn't just happen, neither is it luck or chance; it results from a perfect design, every part properly worked out in a mag- nificently equipped establishment erected for that purpose alone.

Do not take our word for the MAGNET’S perfect skimming, but give us an opportunity to prove it to you by a trial in your dairy.

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In writing to The Guide be sure to use a separate sheet of paper when dealing with more than one subject. By following this advice all correspondents will

greatly assist the office staff of The Guide as different subjects are treated by different departments.

Page 10 THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE April 20th, 1910,

SSS THESHOUSE OF STEELE, BRIGGS

Carries the distinction of haying introduced the only vegetable seeds ever

bred and brought outin Mani!oba—WESTERN BEAUTY PEA and HONEY ere t e or rows ts eat POD BEAN. These are INVINCIBLE Varieties. ORLOFF OAT ane earliest “pe bee meekly kind ior ae SOU )=6Cltthe «snew settler on “breaking’’—will succee An Interesting Summary showing the Area and Production of certain where all others fail—may be sown as late as June 10th and still give a Cereal Crops for the year 1909, and comparisons with previous crop—ahead of barley as a cleaning crop—yielded 110 bushels per acre

: ; at Brandon Experimental Farm, 1909. years. Where Canada Stands in the World’s Figures.

SILVER KING BARLEY Yielded 56 bushels per

The following tables have been compiled from those published by the International

acre and a good sample. Agricultural Institute in the bulletin of Agricultural Statistics for February, 1910. a : ‘Hectares and quintals’ have been converted. into acres and bushels. These tables FLAX FOR SEED Pure and clean—don’t risk anything else,

show the area and production, in the principal countries, of wheat, oats and barley for ‘“ ” Pr ery) ithe years 1909, 1908 and averages for the years 1899 to 1908 inclusive; also comparisons Hardy Alfalfa Lion Red Clover

‘in percentages between the figures for the years 1909 and 1908, and between 1909 and “Condor” Alsike “Marten” Timothy

of revi . * A » Wierd \the average of the ten previous years. These grades have the biggest sales in Canada and win their way’ by intrinsic worth.

The figures as to the areavand production which are contained in’ these tables . ; ‘have been compiled entirely from official statistics furnished directly by, the governments q Wri te for Catalogue and Prices ‘of the adhering countries, either through regular statistical reports or in rheponse to ‘

‘the inquiries of the institute.

The institute will publish annually statistical statements similar to these tables. /Under the plan of the statistical service of the institute, which began with January 1, 1910, it is intended to compile and publish such data hereafter in the form of preliminary and definite statements during the autumn and winter of each year and in the months following the completion of harvest and threshing in the different parts of the world.

4 '

1909 compared ~ =: - SORES? at — “

WHEAT with 1908 is) ! Lo LICENS! 1909 1908 Se Be "M A CLENN N BROS. | io} a CouNnTRY AcRES BusHELs AcrRES BusHELs p 2° : Riis Nes SASS =~ Ws GRAIN EXCHANGE " Germany..... 4,528,516 188,399,277 4,654,962 188,742,214 97.2 99.7 Austria. ...... 2,940,908 58,636,737 2,958,311 62,808,153 99.4. 94.1 ats : ar cy te ax Spain ........ 9,348,257 144,611,581 9,272,101 120,316,725 100.7 120.1 : ‘France... -. 16,329,135 $61,050,500 16,143,994 $17,602,964 100.1 113.7 ae Sold to Highest Bidder. Net il Wired on Request Gt. Britain and Patronize the independent track buyer and commission dealer and preserve Ireland. .... 1,866,369 64,525,212 1,662,859 54,963,503 112.2 117.4 Farm ers eb inet on four Poed ne nip your grein Be er nh et Wied ania: Hungarie jvc 8,809,127 125,363,287 9,470,427 163,904,100 93.0 75.6 andiadvauce you prepald-all she monip you want, @. Writetorour macket card ond shipping Dials reek Rlsepsseccetn Ehesteenes chuciuene 12,615,772 154,199,584 veces cesssees dieecticons- Riala we... s, 65,274,298 786,472,363 61,339,079 568,718,494 106.4 °138.3 ss United States . 46,704,781 718,286,923 | 47,538,305 648,510,828 98.2 110.2 es 2 Argentine Rep.. 14,416,279 140,951,250 15,075,857 156,515,669 96.8. 90.0 2 India .:....... 25,944,852 253,592,377 22,797,282 ° 204,065,358 113.8 124.3 Australia ...... 6,245,941 82,288,514 5,259,764 62,774,870 118.7 131.0 ‘Canada’ ...... 7,747,370 166,752,540 6,607,714 111,067,853 117.3 151.0 eid ope 1909 d wi TEN YEAR AVERAGE, 1899-1908 year avertue 1890-1008 . Propuc- ; na G . ranked es eas ACRES RUSE ais Arra % n10N % Germany .............-.... 4,688,259 133,891,848 97.5 103.4 ; ‘Avistria. sich nates vie 2,741,028 51,382,995 107.3 114.2 Wes Spyies eee ee se ee 9147608 114,997,459 102.1 125.7 iS a rpacaiconh hand Pca prom ttn i ‘France .. . 16,385,414 336,258,685 99.0 107.4 A: ‘ Ligey q Great Britain and Ireland .... 1,744,485 55,354,408 106.9 116.6 a © Standard Woven Wire Fence Ailtigdty sate yee neces 9,036,255 162,274,502 97.5 , 77.8 iss ; Italy... eee eee cee ee NS 687T BSL 16 1,280,526 sc a Riek with the Tie That plana Jeet wires well aninaulseal Gad. Meeked Rusia lo _.... 57,591,128 544,443,372 113.3 144.5 loop allows a long bend in the running wires. United States.........-..... 46,647,192 643,373,767 100.6 111.0 patched bo thet the acs laid sooere witasor Sonn” ween ee neon ‘ Argentine sroubne! wy oe LT, 246,870 121,022,788 129.3 116.5 Mage enn oat book that you eught to know, Write for free cepy and Tails eee cee vice e ees 24,820,118 257,182,477 107,1 98.6 Thi Rinaesd Worn Ponsa tic of Mindsicekt pas a ines, Australia ....... ladys cust BOIS T14 51,152,332 111.3 160.7 hae sheet ohemased ‘Canada ...............-.... 4,850,239 90,341,697 159.7 184.6 orem ne v. = " Sra Pe enna — — : : 1909 compared 1909 1 BARLEY with 1908 OATS with 1005" ; ° ‘ 1909 1908 1909 1908 : Bas A ag CountRY ACRES Busnets - AcRES BusHELs CouNTRY ACRES BusHELS ACRES BusHELS & g ° Seabee nn Ay - Germany ..... 4,066,494 163,594,829 4,023,548. 143,202,618 Germany....... 10,645,617 564,340,461 10,550,003 475,848,473 100.8 118.6 | Austria........ 2,819,295 81,163,533 2,758,051. 70,813,955 Austria. ...... 4,572,523 154,834,218 4,492,698 129,317,234 101.8 119.8 | France ........ 1,821,020 50,518,120 — 1,802,063 42,996,295 France ....... 9,648,141 $54,167,574 9,624,775 293,662,886 100.2 120.6 | Spain ........ 3,478,518 83,124,102 8,465,252 70,914,449 Great Britain and Great Britain & Ireland ..... 4,016,015 209,514,497 4,167,515 206,403,467 96.4 101.5 Ireland. .... 1,826,780 77,092,618 1,821,321 . 68,834,119 Hungary ...... 2,944,611 87,852,872 2,858,326 66,801,250 103.0 131.5 | Hungary ...... 3,015,006 75,676,129 2,806,303 59,991,689 Russia ........ 46,239,783 1,029,316,633 45,660,627 847,642,429 101.38 121.7 | Russia........ 26,850,701 483,166,888 — 26,536,904 385,561,679 United States ., $8,191,015 923,984,609 $2,331,354 674,697,256 102.7 136.9 | United States .. 7,008,259 173,210,916 6,643,401 169,915,112 Argentine Rep. . sce 36,547,440 1,564,251 27,709,848... 127.8 | Argentine Rep. ... a ws 149,682 1,450,800 Aiiatra has 2 cc Se adisgl aks dal 5s gacuesasebeletes 675,866." IZ;776,941. oie scaes Australia ...... 140,192 38,202,828 Canada ....... 9,198,862 353,451,648 7,937,995 249,109,769 117.1 141.9 | Canada....... 1,871,591 . 55,377,626 . 1,745,018 41,711,974

; 1909 d with TEN YEAR AVERAGE, 1899-1908 1909 compared with TEN YEAR AVERAGE, 1899-1908 10 year averaye

10 yeur average

* Provvuc- Country AcRES Busuens Arua % ala Country AcnEs Busnes _ ABBA “mon %

(a) F ' : Germany oso 4,187,297 146,344,077 98.3 111.8 , Germany ...... Oe ete ee 0,489, 868 464,562,240 102.1 124-8" P Ausltia eee ere ae! 2,934,180 72,445,948 96.0 112.1 RRO a ae ee ON EE MTA, T89 119,562,772 100.0 129.1 France Ee ce een tes RS OSB 43,273,630 101.5 116.7 Bat 5 gee em ir re Gee . 9,555,408 276,803,187 101.0 1270: :|: Spat vis sca cy epee . $,472,188 66,169,292 100.2 125.6 Great Britain and Ireland .... 4,180,055 188,821,910 96.1 110.9 Gist: Britain & Ireland ..+. 2,008,601 71,544,073 90.9 107.8 FUMES Ys os Gs Cai ey 2,745,608 74,009,518 107.2 VIG, 7) AURAL Ys eda eds 2,733,826 63,398, 122 110.3 119.3 RNa eri ee Se) 44,370,552 793,186,850 104,2 129.8 | Russia . Siege agra’ ot, £83068, 202 319,980,024 116.4 151.0 United States ............... 28,745,388 761,919,960 114.7 121.3 | United States Nia Shiner ee 4,946,141 125,312,777 142.0 182.5 Aiistralla eee 537,381 TS SBG;OR0 oo cee Clea Australia. ited al Soe algae 107,294 QINTZB52 —— aasenes seseenes

CANAGE. (okra shea eds 6,152,603 207,634,569 149.5 170.2 | Canada........ dy ibe a te pee OE 37,088,017 154.7 149.3

April 20th, 1910

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Girl Graduates in Agriculture

There are now many farmers who can afford to send both boys and girls to the agricultural college, and_ this education is the best possible investment for them. It brings them in touch with the best trained minds, which inspires them with new ideals and aims in life, turning them in a direction that leads to a life of great usefulness. I will tell how this has worked out in actual prac- tice in a somewhat isolated farm home in New York, which I have known many years.

The farm home is in southeastern New York, on one of the streams which flow into the Delaware River. The scenery in this locality is very beautiful. This is a dairy, poultry and fruit farm. The farmer and his wife were middle- aged. Two of the daughters have grad- uated from Cornell University, one is now there and another expects to go soon. ‘There are no boys and the father avas confronted with the problem of how to work his farm so as to be able to make a living and educate his children, there- fore the girls assisted and learned to do well all kinds of farm work, and the out-

The Manager of the Dairy

door life developed remarkable strength and endurance. There is little heavy work to do, as the best machinery is used, mowers, reapers, corn harvesters, horse seeders, cultivators, ete. A dairy of thirty cows, several hundred hens and a flock of sheep are kept on the farm. There is a large orchard of apples, cherries, plums and pears, an acre or more of strawberries, and plots of raspberries and blackberries. Another product of the farm is maple sugar.

How Education Helped

While all the girls work on the farm as needed, each has a department for which she is especially fitted. In the house one of the girls does the housekeeping and cooking, another does the sewing and dressmaking, while another gives attention to the garden and poultry. The education and development of these girls is largely due to the mother, who is also a student of the science of agri- culture and home-making. to develop the best life of her children she has done hard, faithful work and made many sacrifices. The same can be said of the father. He was a well-educated and hard-working man, and sought to avail himself of the best helps in his study of scientific farming. In this home one can see how science has contributed

In her desire .

to the health of the family, which is largely due to hygienic cooking and housekeeping.

Farm Management

About the time two of these girls had graduated from the agricultural college their father died and left the farm for the girls and their mother to manage. They were so well educated and trained that in the few years since, all the opera- tions of the farm and house have been carried on very successfully. Very often in such cases the old farmstead, which the family has learned to love, must be sold because of the lack of knowledge of how to make the farm profitable. On this farm a little more help is hired, and everything goes on as usual. When the girls are needed to work or oversee work done in the field they take pleasure in free out-of-door life. With almost perfect health, and dressed in their bloomer suits it is no burden to them. The rightly educated person does not lose, but rather gains in culture and refinement, by this out-of-door work.

Financial Returns 3

Many will want to know about the financial profits on the farm as compared with other occupations. I have recently investigated the profits in farming in this locality, and I have found farmers with 50 cows and a total investment of about $10,000 who are realizing a net profit of $2,000 after deducting interest on investment, paying running expenses, but allowing for reasonable house rental. The farms are furnishing the families with milk, eggs, fruits, vegetables, fucl, etc., in addition to the profits above mentioned. The results of scientific dairy farming are shown by the above state- ments, to which may be added the income from poultry, sheep, etc. Where such results are obtained there seems to be little inducement for girls or boys to leave the farm.

Some one may ask, Will the girls’ agricultural education be lost if they should marry and leave the farm? I reply: The work of life goes on just the same after marriage, and whether mar- riage takes them away from the farm or not many of the duties of life remain the same. In many other than farm homes the wife oversees poultry keeping and gar- dening in addition to housekeeping. Surely the husband needs the co-operation of a wife who can do this work scientifi- cally. The world needs people—whether men or women—who can do_ things right. Opportunities for reading the best literature, and the feeling of security that comes from having regular and permanent employment are other compensations of a well-ordered and scientific farm life. Here, if you have sown wisely in early life, you may establish a home for old age and reap a bountiful harvest.

ge ge

IN THE INTERESTS OF THE PEOPLE

Alberta Grain Growers have voiced a popular protest against the excessive prices of coal and lumber which are natural products in abundance in that province. They suggest government coal mines and government saw mills. There is really no need of either. The government controls the timber and coal resources, and also the railways that transport the products to the consumers. All that is required is that the government control be exercised in the interest s of the people as a whole instead of in the interests of the few grafters who have been granted special privileges by the government.— Neepawa Press.

fo fe ate WOMEN HOMESTEADERS

Will Channon, of Cordova, has a letter in last issue of THe Grain Growers’ GuibE advocating that women be allowed to homestead as well as men, and asks, Why not? This privilege is extended to women in the western states of the U. S. A man with daughters has then an equal chance to acquire land with the man whose family is composed of boys. And again it has been proved that where women have the opportunity they have proven equal to the task of successful home- steading.—Neepawa Register,

Only Four

Cows

That the dairy comprises only four

cows, is sometimes given as a reason for

not purchasing.

A NEW

IMPROVED

DE LAVAL

Cream Separator

As a matter of fact, four cows and a De Laval Separ- ator will produce as much butter as six cows without the separator, and the labor will be cut in two in the middle.

Anyone who doubts the truth of this statement and the fact that the De Laval will earn its cost in the time allowed for payment may, upon application to the Company or its nearest agent, secure a free trial of a New Improved

machine of suilable size.

The De Laval Lasts A Lifetime

The DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.

Montreal

WINNIPEG

Vancouver

THE EMPIRE-C

anada’s Standard Writer

Price $ 6 O Price

This machine has been adopted by The Grain Growers’ Grain Co., the British Govern- ment, and the Canadian Pacific Railway. Sold on easy monthly payments, sent on

trial; rented and repaired.

Aikins & Pepler

219 McDermot Avenue -

WINNIPEG

10,000 Acres

We have the above amount of land, improved and wild, located in

the Red River Valley district; all first-class. to $50.00 per acre.

C. T. FELTON, Room 3 Alberta Block, 2554 Portage Ave., Winnipeg

Prices from $15.00

Call or write immediately.

STAY WITH IT

Who says the farmers of the West can’t organize? Saskatchewan sent 500 delegates to Prince Albert the other day to attend the annual convention of the Grain Growers’. By George, first. thing we know the politicians will be getting SCARED and doing something for the agricultural class in the way of decent legislation. Some roads may be _ built and some freight rates cut in two and some elevators taken over by the government. Moreover, we are willing to bet that right now the premier of this province is SORRY he was in such a hurry to cut down the different grants to schools, roads, and agricultural societies. Ah, well! Stay withit, Mr. Farmer. If you succeed there is no doubt the whole province will be successful.—The Carrot River Journal.

wo &

At the recent Grain Growers’ conven- tion at Prince Albert it was shown that Canadian made implements are sold in Great Britain 80 per cent. cheaper than in the west. Part of the difference is due to freight rates—via the water

route to Great Britain as against all rail to the west—but most of it is due to the fact that we have a protective tariff in Canada, while they have free trade in Great Britain. Surely when a_ binder can be sold profitably for $105 in Britain it could be sold here profitably for less than $150,—Ex. a te

Public ownership of telephones in the three western provinces has proven a big success, and will prove still bigger. Now what’s wrong with the public owner- ship of the future great highway to salt water tide, The Hudson Bay railway?— The Carrot River Journal.

A steer costs at the most fifty dollars. Served on the platter at restaurant rates it is worth two thousand dollars, and glue, tallow, oils, drugs, leather, brushes, fertilizer, combs, buttons and _ soap, are what the packer knows as “velvet.” The “Optimist”? wants to know “‘ who gets the money?” Gentlemen, you are al- lowed one guess.—Ex,

Page 12

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

April 20th, 1910

FOROHONHOHOHOHOAOHOHOHOHOHOF © AO HO HOHOHOHOHOHOHO AO OROHOHOHOHOHOHOROR

i a any

)

Grass Will Be Ready Early This Year

Make sure of a good haying outfit now. Get a copy of the Eaton Catalogue and carefully study the prices of hay carrier outfits on

page 205. Forks and scythes you will find on page 185, and there is a splendid combination wagon box and hay rack shown on page 207.

The All Steel Self Dump Hay Rake

Illustrated above is made entirely of malleable iron and steel, one of the best and most perfect working hay rakes on the market.

Wheels have heavy channel steel rims, double hub suspension spokes, bicycle pattern, ratchets are protected by shields which make it impossible for hay to catch and wind.

Frame is made of high carbon angle steel, thoroughly bolted and braced.

Tecth are best quality tempered spring steel, coiled at the base and firmly fastened to the head by heavy malleable tooth holders, will not tear up the grass roots or take rubbish. Teeth may be adjusted to any height of windrow. Foot trip and lever adjustments makes the operation of dumping rake easy and simple. Fitted with strong combination pole and thrills, so that either one or two horses may be used. Can be shipped.from either Winnipeg, Saskatoon or Calgary. Send all orders and letters to Winnipeg.

41 B 302. 10 feet; 30 tecth; weight 450 lbs. Price at Winnipeg...... $28.00 “Saskatoon .... “ Calgary

©'ROMOROHOHOHONO Oh OF OF OF O'F O'H OMA ONO'KONONO'KONONS

confident terms.

grass without backing up.

Hundred Pounds for delivery from distributing points

GOLDEN MANILLA 550 feet

to Winnipeg.

8.59 WINNIPEG 8.09 8.70 BRANDON 8.20 8.92 REGINA 8.42 9.02 SASKATOON 8.52 9.23 CALGARY 8.73 9.23 EDMONTON 8.73

Write for pr'ces laid down at your station. Eaton Twine 1s GuarantEEp—Should your crop be destroyed by Hail, Rust, Frost | or Excessive Rain, or should the Twine you buy from us prove unsatisfactory for any reason, return it to us, and we will refund your money and pay all transportation charges.

CHO'NOFOROHOHONONC AC HONON OHO'HOKOHONC'AOHONO

WINNIPEG

SOW YOUR MONEY *:"REAP SATISFACTION

Improved Eaton Mower

Past, experience enables us to recommend this Mower in the most It is an easy running machine, smooth in opera- tion, and the draft is very light.

operates immediately the wheels begin to turn. |The Mower is fitted Repairs always with roller bearings and embodies most modern ideas in construction. on hand For complete description see puge 211 Spring Catalogue. Price Price complete with neck yoke, double trees, extra knife, EATON extra section and guard, wrench, chisel and oil can. Shipments

from Winnipeg, Saskatoon and Calgary.

Prices at Saskatoon, $47.45; Calgary, $48.65

wy ail EATON [ex LIMITED | i

LO AOA DAO DAO A ORONO AOMONOROKROMORONHONOM O' Oth © HOUNONOHO OHOHOON: OOO

As in sowing grain, so in investing money—the nature of your returns depends very largely on where you sow your secd, and where you spend your money.

Buy where satisfaction is certain—put your dollars where they will bring you the greatest possible value—the largest guaranteed returns in satisfaction.

There is such a thing as sowing good wheat and failing to get a good crop, and it is equally common for a man to spend good money and fail to get fair value in return.

Sow Your Dollars In Fertile Soil

Buy where conditions favor the largest returns in actual value for every dollar invested. Conservative methods of business, care- ful buying, labor-saving and cost-reducing methods of manufacture —these all produce conditions under which your dollar will bring you the greatest value.

Sow Where You Get The Full Returns

The man on a rented farm, who forfeits a large share of his crop in running expenses, is in much the same position as the man who buys through agents and commission men. In both cases somebody else prevents him from realizing the full reward of his labor, or the full value of his money.

Reap Greatest Value Through The Eaton Catalogue

This cata!ogue quotes prices that are the result of careful buying direct from manufacturers—prices that give you. the benefit of savings effected through the actual manufacture of many lines in our own factories—prices that permit you to share in all the cost- reducing and labor-saving devices made possible by our immense business.

Eaton catalogue prices leave the agent and middleman out of the reckoning—the profit and commission they formerly got now stays in your own pocket.

Reap Satisfaction Too

Direct dealing does more than save money for the purchaser. Direct dealing means that we are personally responsible to each customer, responsible to carry out the terms of our Liberal Guarantee by which satisfaction is assured to every customer, or money in full and all charges will be refunded.

FIVE FOOT CUT

You can start it in the heaviest Fully Guaranteed

There is no lost motion, the knife

Send all orders uud letters

= eee rae

OQRnOHO LM ag

CANADA

‘nO

April 20th, 1910

THE

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS This department of The Guide is maintained especially for the purpose of providing a dis- cussion ground for the readers where they may freely exchange views and derive from each

other the benefits of experience and helpful suggestions. that there are hundreds who wish to discuss a problem or offer suggestions.

Each correspondent should remember We cannot pub-

lish all the immense number of letters received and axk that each correspondent will keep his

letter as short as possible. necessarily for publication. Guide. interest will be published.

A FARMERS’ PARTY NEEDLESS

Editor, Guipe:—If I did not believe this subject to be one of great importance I would not trouble you with another letter, and at once I would say it is not at all a question of non-partisanship. Were that the question there would not, I think, be any difference at all between Mr. Kirkham and myself. By a non-partisan 1 mean a man who keeps himself informed on public matters but stands without pledge to cither party, who, when election times comes, gives his support where he thinks his interest will be best served. This is not at all what Mr. Kirkham gives his endorsement to. He uses the ‘word ‘‘non-partisan” and at once quotes with approval the following passage: “‘The great benefit would be to get the Grain Growers organ- ized on political matters and educated to take their right place by having their own representatives in rural districts.”

Without debating the question whether an organized party of non-partisans is not a contradiction in terms, it seems to me as plain as daylight that what Mr. Kirkham means is that our Grain Growers’ movement should set itself to organize itself into a party for political objects, and that to achieve this end the members should cut themselves loose from any present party allegiance, and having made this proposal he invokes unity in a poetic quotation apparently not seeing that his statement merely amounts to this, “All agree with me, then we shall be united.” It is not at all surprising that many who join the Grain Growers’ movement should hold this view. To them I would like to point out that they are not advocating non-partisanship at all, but the formation of a party whose program shall be purely industrial. Now I would seriously ask what chance is there for such a party? And what would be its effect upon our Grain Growers’ organization?

For one thing, we might make sure of its receiving the antagonism of both the present political parties. It would have to formulate a policy and if that policy was confined strictly to matters affecting farmers it would probably antagonize most other interests in the province, not only so but would anyone seriously contend that such a party would have the ghost of a chance of winning half a dozen of the provincial seats out of the forty-one? I most certainly think not, and while this hopeless outlook confronts us it would entail upon our movement an odium one does not like for a moment to contemplate. It is unfor- tunately too true that no one can become connected with politics without en- countering things in the last degree unpleasant. Can anyone suppose afarm- ers’ party would escape this usual penalty, or does Mr. Kirkham suppose we could have a farmers’ party that would be en- tirely free from the men whose first and last word is what is there in it for me? I should hardly suppose even he thinks it possible. My experience has taught me that we farmers as a class are certuinly possessed of qualities that compare favorably with any other class of the community, but we should scarcely be justified in expecting nothing but saintli- ness even from our own class. To sum the whole matter up the endeavor to form a political party out of the Grain Growers’ movement would be just about the most hopeless undertaking to which men could put their hands.

Then think of the likely result of such an attempt upon the movement itself. Up to now we have appealed to all think- ing farmers to join, no question has

Every letter must be signed by the name of the writer though not The views of our correspondents are not of necessity those of The The aim is to make this department of great value tu readers and no letters not of public

ever been asked any man about his politics or his political affiliations. All we have pleaded was that as a tiller of the soil, he had a common interest with the rest of us who have formed ourselves into this association. I do not think there can be any doubt that two-thirds of the pres- ent members are cither Conservatives or Liberals. This may be very unfortunate, but then, Mr. Editor, every theory must take into account common, ordinary every-day facts. It may even be as Mr. Kirkham appears to think very sad or even wicked, but if his opinion is correct it does not alter the fact. One might go further and state that when these liberals and conservatives joined the Grain Growers’ Association they had no intention by so joining to forswear their party allegiance. Now imagine an active movement within the Grain Growers’ Association, having for its object an organization on political matters. The initiation of such a scheme would be an apple of discord. I am sadly afraid that instead of unity we should have a disrup- tion, in the presence of which Mr. Kirk- ham's invocation of unity, even though

GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

That some things each side say need not be taken seriously goes without saying, but outside their criticism of each other

am quite convinced that there is a genuine desire on the part of both sides to do useful public service But in the work of administration and_ legislation representative men are largely indebted or their knowledge upon the information supplied by the parties interested. If any of the corporate interests want any- thing they press that something upon the attention of the legislature and the govern- ment. It is notorious that no govern- ment, whatever its party name, goes searching very anxiously for additional work, and it is undeniable that in the rast the farming community has done little more than grumble. Their grumbling rarely takes a definite form, until, as we know, it has passed into a proverb, “the farmers will grumble anyway.’

One of the things that have weighed upon me since I have been a member of the legislature, is the lack of apparent interest taken in the work of the legisla- ture by even my own farmer constituents, and this is, I feel certain, the chief reason why farmers interests have not received the amount of attention they should have done. How many of the local branches of the association have thought of sending their resolutions to their M. L. A.? Not many I fecl sure. The point of all this, Mr. Editor, is, that it is futile to create new machinery when you have plenty already which you do not try to utilize.

My hope is that as an organization, we shall, us far as possible, keep to those industrial matters that affect us in our occupation as farmers, upon which we may reasonably hope that there will be no serious division among us, or at least no division that cannot be removed by friendly discussion among ourselves. As to those things upon which we may desire legal enactment we may rest assured, if our organization is sufficiently strong and aggressive the politicians will be found bidding against each other for our sup-

Bal’ i PVT EL He

Ee SN “Idyl Wyld,” Souris, Man.

he gave us more poetry and further quota- tions of scripture, would be worse than useless, and if this would be so what would be its effect on the work of gaining more members? Why, where to-day we are winning six we should be lucky if we gained two. In short, if at any time we think the Grain Growers’ Association has no more useful work to do than start a movement to “organize non-partisans, so as to get a unity of votes,” my belief is you will at the same time see the be- ginning of the end of our industrial movement.

This may appear to men of Mr. Kirk- ham’‘s cast of mind a somewhat hopeless forecast because he never tires of dwelling upon the bossisms of our political parties, and the juggernaut-like machinery con- nected with them, the whole of which wants improving off the face of the earth; but for myself I take an altogether dif- ferent view of these things. The reason I think is, that Mr. Kirkham only sees these things from the outside while I have had some little opportunity of secing them from the inside, in consequence of which I have been privileged with opportunity to give a more impartial appraisement. The men with whom I have come in contact on both sides of politics will bear fair comparison with those who undertake to criticize them.

port, and we shall realize this most de- sirable result, that instead of the farmers being the tools of the politicians, as they too often have been in the past, the poli- ticians will be made what indeed they always should, be, the useful servants of the farming community. GEO. LANGLEY. Maymont, Sask., April 2nd.

we &

WHY GOVERNMENT ELEVATORS WILL PAY

Editor Gutpe:—In your issue of March 80, Mr. Geo. Steel, M.P.P., of Glenboro, is reported as saying:

“If the advocates of this bill could show me that, as a competitive system the grain passing through these elevators will pay interest on the cost and the run- ning expenses I would support the bill.”

Now, Mr. Editor, the puint raised by Mr. Steele is very important; of the very highest importance, and it should be met and answered. It is a question that has arisen in the minds of a great many, and they want it answered, hence I take this opportunity of asking the question, “* Who pays?”

But first, let us get a clear idea of what “pay” means. If 1 work for a farmer for seven months, and he pays me $200 at the end of my service, he is said to have

' Page 18

paid me my wages. But what is thi® $200 that he has given me? Is it not simply so much of the crop—wheat, cattle, hogs, ete., ete., that my labor has helped him to produce? That is, I gave him so much labor, and he gives me back in exchange, so much labor in the shape of “labor certificates” that will exchange at any time and at any place for other people’s labor in the shape of goods, such as shoes, overalls, lumber—labor and products generally. A dollar bill is really so much corn, wheat, goods— things labored for. A dollar bill means more than the dirty bit of green paper with printing on. It represents human effort, human flesh and blood. In this sense all money is blood money. So that the farmer does not pay me off with mon- ey, but really with the things produced by labor. He has given me labor for labor, and this exchange of labor between me and the farmer is an exchange of mutual benefit. All buying and selling is only a matter of ‘‘exchange of labor for labor.” Let us get this clear idea of money in our minds first, and then per- haps we can find out, ‘“‘who pays”, and “how” the paying is done. Most people have a very hazy idea of what money is and what it is not. Gold and silver are not at all necessary as many people suppose. We are supposed to pay our debts in gold, but the fact is, we seldom see a gold coin. In the time of the war in the U. S., between 1861 and 1865, the government issued paper money in denominations of 10, 20, 25 and 50 cents, and Lincoln pointed out one of the most important lessons of that war, namely, that people could get along without gold and silver, as money, and could actually create millions of ‘fiat’ money In paper, as easily asa printer can run off dodgers. A dollar, then, is a labor certificate, being a medium of exchange and a measure of value. When we pay our M.P.P’s. a thousand dollars sessional indemnity we really give them a thousand dollars’ worth of wheat, cattle, and store goods, that others have labored for. When the federal government boasts that its customs receipts for the year ending March $1, 1910, is one hundred million dollars, it means that the people of Canada have had to work and earn one hundred million dollars’ worth of wheat, and then hand it over to the government for the fun of being ‘“‘govern- ed.” So it is easily seen that it is not ““money”’ that ‘“‘pays,”? but the “labor” of the people that money represents.

Who Pays for the Elevators?

That being the case, we can now see who ‘“‘pays” for the elevators. An ele- vator is a product of labor. It is human labor that cuts the trees into lumber, seasons it, makes the nails, paint, every- thing that goes into its construction, and puts it together. It is not capital that erects elevators, but labor. Capi- tal itself is a labor product and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. The capitalists are men with money, the stored up lubor of other peo-

It is the labor of the farmers that pro- duces the crops. Without this labor there would be no crops for any elevator to handle. The railways would haye no grain to be hauled. The implement factories would shut down the minute farmers ceased to raise grain. Seeing, then, that it is the labor of farmers that keeps going, and makes pay, all elevators, railroads, factories, ete, then is it not their labor that pays for all these things in the long run?

But farmers “own” none of these things, although it is their labor that produces them, furnishes business for them, ete. If the railroad company gets money is it not out of the farmers that they get it, in the last analysis?

Now, if a private individual can erect an elevator, run it, get interest on his investment and pay for his labor, pray, out of whom is he getting it? Whose labor is paying it? So, if the government erects an clevalor, and makes it pay, is the “pay” not coming out of the crop? Out of the farmers? Private individuals have been known to leave the farm, move to town and buy grain, and svon have homes and luxuries that they never could have dared to indulge in.on the farm; but was it not the grain growers that paid fur all? An elevator erected out on the prairie, far from a railroad, would be a losing proposition, but an elevator in a town, beside the track, where elevators usually are, with a lot of grain growing farmers tributary to that town, could not

Page 14

be anything else but a “paying” concern. But the labor of the farmers would do the “paying,” just as that labor pays every- thing else. If the industry of farmers can erect elevators; pay buyers, pay interest on the cost of the elevators and make millionaires out of a few of the private dealers in grain, then surely that same industry can supply any government- owned elevator, with sufficient business to pay the expense of running it and interest on the cost of it. It is the labor of farmers that has erected every elevator now in existence, but they don’t “‘own” them. And that is the very point where so many farmers feel sure, and are deter- mined that existing wrongs shall pass away. Yours truly, : W. D. LAMB. April 2, 1910.

wom

SUGGESTS IMPORTANT CHANGE IN THE GRAIN ACT

Editor, Gurpr:—I wish to call attention through your columns to a resolution that was passed at a recent meeting of the Findlayson branch of the Grain Growers’ Association that I believe is worthy of space here, and the consider- ation and action on the part of the central executive to put it into effect. It was moved that section 89 of the Manitoba Grain Act be amended as follows:

“That the words, ‘in use by the railway company’ in section 89 of the Manitoba Grain Act be struck out.”

And it was also moved that the clause be appended, “In the event of the railway company not furnishing the sized car ordered when applicant’s turn arrives, or within 5 days thereafter, applicant shall be at liberty to load into first car of larger size placed, and that no extra freight be charged, provided he loads within the maximum and minimum weights allowed for size of car ordered.”

This is a matter of special importance to shippers on the C.N.R., which company only provides 60,000 lb. cars. In conse- quence, many small shippers and those at a distance from loading point, not to mention those who have loaded several cars and have a few hundred bushels over, have no alternative but to sell on the street, unless they can arrange to ship in with someone, in which case, removing bulkhead about $9.00 and other extra charges, tend to reduce profits to a level of street prices, irrespective of trouble entailed.

I have explained at some length but I believe the urgent need of the farmers warrant it, also that the resolutions set forth cover the ground, but in any case an endeavor should be made to remedy the grievance before next fall

if possible. A. NICHOLSON.

Plumas,

Langham, Sask.

wm oe & ANOTHER PIONEER TALKS

Editor, Gutipge:—Your issue of the 9th inst., page 10, brings to the notice of the world Mr. John Campbell, of Lloyd- minster, a young gentleman of prepossess- ing exterior, in correct evening dress, and likewise a prettily written article by him under the title ‘“‘The Pioneer’s Struggle,’ where he says among other things, that some twenty years ago a little colony from Ontario settled on the shores of Beaver Lake, Alberta, and he has been listening to some naive stories concerning them. It appears that these old settlers were strongly individualistic, and not a bit co-operative, and that they suffered terrible hardships in consequence; they possesed herds of fat steers worth $40 a head, but they were unable to get $5 for them; they hadn’t the means of buying a sack.of flour and no one would give them credit for so much; and there is no saying how it would all have ended, but in the nick of time a horde of 15,000 Ruthenians came along and saved them from utter destruction. This legend seems a little bit rough on those poor twenty-year-ago pioneers. I was one of them, though I didn’t come from On- tario. We did have fat steers worth $40 a head, and we used to get $40 a head for them, right at the gate of our own correl, a thing which we cannot do now. I got as much as $54 for some of mine. I never heard of any trouble in connection with a sack of flour, and most of the settlers enjoyed a reasonable credit at Edmonton, some as much as $1,000 or $1,200, which very possibly wouldn’t be as lightly proffered now. Hardships we endured, certainly, but they were inherent to the conditions of the country

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

rather than to our own personal character- istics, and we took these hardships in a spirit of cheerfulness which would have been greatly enhanced if the 15,000 Ruthenians had elected to remain in Ruthenia. May I be permitted to add as a passing remark, and in no spirit of retaliation, that we also have listened to naive stories dealing with the be- ginnings of the Lloydminter settlement, or the Barr colony as it was then called, and the “green” Englishmen who adorned it, and that the comparison does not seem to present any features of which the old Beaver Lakers need feel ashamed. For one thing, they were far too indi- vidualistic ever to put themselves in leading strings to any reverend gentleman and allow him the spending of their money; and they were wise.

Hoping you will find a waste corner for this little exchange of views,

Very sincerely yours, HENRY DEBY. Beaver Lake, Alta.

ww w&

AN ANSWER TO MR. SCHWARTS

Editor, Gurpr:—I noticed a letter in Tue Guipe of February 16, written by Robert Schwarts, of Warmley, Sask., concerning the price of a certain cream separator, the name of which he with- held, but from capacity and prices quoted by him, I recognized the separator. Mr. Schwarts quotes capacity and prices as follows: 350 capacity $100.00; 450 capacity $115.00; and 550 capacity $130. Now, I happen to possess a price list of the different sized separators of this company, and the prices run_ thus: 350-400 Ib. capacity, $95.00; 450-500 capacity, $110.00; 600-650 capacity, $125.00. » Mr. Schwarts also states that this same company gave to each of their agents selling twelve separators during the year 1909 a gold watch valued at $100.00, This statement is also in error, They did give a gold watch, but it was valued at $25.00, and given for selling twenty-five separators during 1909. He goes on to say according to the prices they are charging for their machines, ‘this is only a small matter but we are certainly paying twice as much as the separator is worth.”’ Now, one dollar off each machine to make a man hustle and sell, is a small matter, but why does Mr. Schwarts take for a discussion a machine which he knows to be the best on the market? I have one of these machines for my own use, and while 1 do admit that you may find a machine that will skim as clean for a time, you can- not beat this one for durability. It is no complicated arrangement if the boxings ever do wear. They can easily be re- placed by any person at small cost. I have yet to hear of one of these machines being worn out. Another point Mr. Schwarts forgot, and of which he is well aware, is the fact that if your purchase a size 1 separator, you can have it changed to size 4 at any time without changing the machine but by simply changing the bowl and tinware, of which bowl and all there are only seven pieces. My machine is neither leveled or fastened to the floor, and it separates perfectly, the bowl being fastened top and bottom never goes off the balance. More than that, it is the only separator company I know that guarantees to give satisfaction or to refund the purchase price. Now, farmers know that a good piece of machinery, though it may be what we call expensive at first, is the cheapest in the end, and if a discussion of cream separators is thought to be beneficial, let us discuss the lower priced inferior machines. I know a farmer who pur- chased a low priced (just as good) cream separator last summer, and is now look- ing for a machine. Is it not the same with every article purchased? We can- not expect to purchase a good article at a low cost as an inferior article.

Now, I think a paper that hasbeen as beneficial to the farmers as Tur Grain Growers’ Guipe has been should not be used unjustly by the farmer.. If we want to discuss different points, we must have correct statements, whether it is éream separators or binders. As long as the price of an inferior article ranges above its merits, we cannot expect the parties who manufacture a good article to lower their price. I trust, Mr. Editor, that I have not taken up too much space, and wish you the greatest success.

FARMER.

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April 20th, 1910

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stone, fanning mill, corn sheller, thresher, shredder, pomp etc. Wherever you. go—I HC engines are giving satisfac Judge by what they are doing for thousands.

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Whichever one you choose—is best in its class.

IHC Vertical engines are made in 2, 3 and 25-horsepower; I H C Horizontal engines (portable and stationary) are made in 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20 and 25-horsepower; Famous air-cooled engines are made in 1, 2 and 3-horsepower; Hopper cooled engines are made in 2, 2%, 3, 4, 6 and 8-horsepower; and there are alsoI H C sawing, spraying and pumping

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APPRECIATION

The following letter has been received by the Grain Growers’ Grain Company:

Gentlemen:—I have had such entire satisfaction dealing with the G.G.G. Co. that I could not help but take balance of shares. This year I have been more than pleased with the results of my car shipped to the G.G.G. Co. Price and promptness the best.

Yours sincerely, JAMES MAYER. DAVID AND GOLIATH

Editor, Guipe:—Reading your letter “The Manufacturers’ Challenge,” pub- lished in Tur Gurpg, in which the secre- tary of the Canadian Manufacturers’ Association said: ‘The reorganized Can- adian Manufacturers’ Association is like a young giant, ignorant of its own powers. By the exercise of these powers it could if it chose, bring several millions of people to the verge of starvation or paralyze the industry of the whole Dominion.”

I would like to remind Mr. G. M. Murray (secretary) there are some Davids still on the prairie, quite a few stones in the farmers’ brooks, and the sling is still in operation. So would advise him to feed this young giant while he lives, for a stone may be hurled his way soon. “DAVID.” Lloydminster, Sask.

A SUGGESTED REMEDY

Editor, Guipe:—I notice in a recent issue of Tue Guipvn that the Hon. Frank Oliver has a bill before the house to get an extension of tine for the real estate ney to get the South African warrants sold.

I would like to suggest a way for your paper to stop it, viz., if you will agree to publish the names of the honorable entleman and every member that votcs or it till the next clection in Tur Gutpp. this bill will not pass the house. The “ Appeal to Reason” uses this method and has killed several bills that has been harmful to it and the general public. Copley, Man. HENRY SPEARE.

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April 20th, 1910

THE GRAIN GROWERS’

GUIDE

Page 16

World's Greatest Convention of Farmers

Beginning on Monday, May 2, at St. Louis, Mo., and lasting for Six days a Monster. Gathering of Producers from all over America will be held to weld the Farmers’ Organizations into a National Body. Secretary McKenzie of Manitoba will represent the Grain Growers’ Grain Co., and will deliver an address on the Farmers Movement in Western

the farmers of America awake to the necessity of organiza- tion?

The answer is’ the stupendous — national mass convention planned to be held

Lan) Ae

KGS ql mi in St. Louis, Mo, be A aN commencing on Mon- HN AIG) day May 2. .

There never was

another approaching it in size and scope— that is, so far as the assembling together

of actual producers is concerned; and:

there has not been anything in a long time which speaks so eloquently of the swift emancipation of the farmer. His day is at hand.

Up to last week.a total of one hundred and three subsidiary organizaiions, repre- senting hundreds of thousands of members, had accepted invitations to be present, and the convention will be held in the great Coliseum, considered the best convention hall in America, and capable of seating comfortably some 20,000 people. There will be a morning session of at least one oration and one lecture. The after- noon sessions will be from 1.30 to 5 o’clock, and at those sessions will be three enter- tuinting features, either of oration or lecture with discussion of same: The evening session will be from 8 o'clock to 10 o’clock with at least two orations or lectures,

The speakers and lecturers have been engaged with care, and selected from the best in their lines in the United States. They include congressmen, senators, col- lege professors, captains of finance, promoters, doctors, ministers, judges, editors, government officials, ete. The partial program is as follows:

Hon. C. S. Barrett, president of the Farmers’ Educational and Co-Operative Union of America:—Subject, not an- nounced.

Hon. C. O. Drayton, president Ameri- can Society of Equity, Indianapolis, Ind.: —‘A National Union of Farmers.”

Judge W. E. Monroe, Louisiana:— “The call of the south.”

Hon. P. J. McCumber, United States senator, North Dakota:—‘“‘ Justification of Organization Among Farmers.”

Hon. Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation of Labor:—Subject not yet announced:

Hon. J. C..Cantrill, member of congress from Kentucky:—‘The Mission of the American Society of Equity.”

Prof. J. H. Worst, Fargo, N.D.:—‘‘ The Farmers’ Opportunity.”

Dr. J. Weller Long, educator, Madison, Wis.:—‘‘ Educating the Farmer.”

Hon. A. O. Stanley, member of congress from Kentucky :—‘* The Tobacco Situation in Kentucky.”

Prof. T. <A. Hoverstad, educator, Fargo, N.D.:—‘‘ Practical Education for the Country Youth.”

Hon. A. M. Lawrence, editor, Chicago Examiner:—Subject not given.

Hon. R. M. LaFollette, United States senator, Wisconsin:—Subject not given.

Prof. M. H. Jackson, educator, Grand Rapids, Wisconsin:—* Agriculture in Our Schools.”

Hon. Thos. P. Gore, United States senator, Oklahoma:—Subject not given.

Hon. C. A. Windle, educator, Chicago, Ill.:—‘* Industrial Strength of the Farmer.”

Col. John Temple Graves, editorial writer, Hearst newspapers:—Subject not given.

Hon. Thomas Watson, editor, Watson’s Magazine, Georgia:— The Agricultural South and West Must Throw off the Shackles of New England.”

Hon. Gifford Pinchot, Washington, D.C.:—‘‘ Conservation of Natural Re- sources.”

Col. Ed. R..Cone,- commissioner of agriculture, Austin, Texas:—‘* The South’s Piste in History.”

Hon. Frederick H. Kreisman, mayor of the city of St. Louis:—Address of wel- come.

Hon. Ed. L. Norris, governor of Mon- tana:—‘‘Address by Representative.”

J. T. Tuchy, L.L.D., St. Louis, Mo.:— “Illustrated Lecture on Co-operation in Great Britain and Denmark.”

Canada.

Over 100 organizations have accepted an invitation to attend.

Addresses will be given by some of the most prominent men in

America. to'attend.

Full Details of Program.

Farmers everywhere are invited

Grain Growers Will be Represented

Mr. R. McKenzie, secretary of the Manitoba Grain Growers’ Association, will tell the great convention something of the farmers’ movement in this country, and what has been accomplished in the last decade. Mr. McKenzie goes to the con- vention primarily to represent the Grain Growers’ Grain Company, in response to an urgent invitation forwarded to that organization. This invitation which was received only a few days ago, from the editor of the Equity Farm Journal, reads as follows:

Indianapolis, Ind., April 9. Mr. T. A. Crerar, President G.G.G. Co., Winnipeg, Man.

Dear Sir:—We are about to hold what will probably be the largest convention of farmers ever held in the world at St. Louis, Mo., during the first week of May next. We are inviting organized labor to participate, and we are making every effort to get men with progressive ideas, and men who have done things to make up the program. I have noted with interest in a limited way what the Grain

The Opportunity of the Age : March 18, 1910. To all Members and Officers of the American Society of Equity

The Farmers’ Educational Co-Opera- tive Union of America, an organization of farmers embracing the southern States on practically the same plan as the Ameri- can Society of Equity covers the northern States, are arranging for the first and most gigantic national mass convention of productive workers ever held in the world. Farmers and laborers of all kinds, clerks in stores and offices, workers in mines, factories and forests, mechanics, ete., are all invited to join in this convention. It will be assembled one entire week at St. Louis, Mo., May 2nd to 8th, with three sessions every day.

A special invitation has been extended to the American Society of Equity to meet with the Co-Operative Union in joint conference for the purpose of considering a plan for a closer union.

Believing this to be the opportunity of the age for American productive producers and consumers, to begin a

Seeding on Farm of W. H. Norris, Gilbert Plains

Growers of Canada have done, and we are anxious to have the St. Louis con- vention know all about it. Therefore on behalf of the American Society of Equity I beg to extend you an invitation to take part in our St. Louis convention, as one of the numbers on the program.

Hoping that you can make it possible for yourself to be there, and that I may meet you on that occasion,

Yours truly, THOS. G. NELSON.

This world’s greatest convention of producers will take the form of a joint assembly of The Farmers’ Educational and Co-Operative Union of America, the American Society of Equity, the American Federation of Labor, and one hundred and three subsidiary organiza- tions, The former body invited the latter organizations to join with it in calling the convention. The board of directors of the National Union American Society of Equity were in session in Indianapolis March 15, 16 and 17. During this time Mr. John O’Grady, convention manager for the Farmers’ Union, appeared before the board to present the invitation of

the organization he represented to the -

A.S. of E. Replying to the invitation, the board of directors prepared and au- Li tong for publication the following eltter: :

movement that will not only check the recently prevailing tendency to get the farmers and other classes of workers further and further apart, but actually tend to draw them closer and closer together, we earnestly urge all local unions to have at least one delegate present so as to get a personal report from the members of the meeting.

We also urge all members and officers of the American Society of Equity who can possibly do so to attend as individuals, and to see that organizations of farmers in their respective communities are represented in this convention. We further urge all farmers not belonging to any organization to come. Let every A.S. of E. member bring one non-member with him.

American Society of Equity head- quarters will be maintained at the Planters Hotel during the convention. A hall will be provided in which all members of the A.S. of E. present may assemble from time to time to discuss any matters of importance to the society that may come

up. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, National Union, A.S. of E. By S. D. Kump, Sec.-Treas. Prominence of the Farmer

Quoting from the call issued by: Presi-:

dent Barrett of the Farmers’ Union, we have the following:

‘“‘At no time in the history of the nation has the farmer been the object of more solicitude to thoughtful public men and to the public at large. From congress, from every newspaper forum, from every stump and rostrum and forum, goes up the cry: ‘Back to the land!”’

Experts and conscientious students of economics are warning us that unless the lot of the farmer is improved, unless more of his number are kept on the farm, we shall shortly be depending upon foreign nations for a portion of our food.

The farmer is the keystone of America’s prosperity, the bulwark of its commercial prestige abroad, the very heart-beat of our future destiny at home and in the fierce competition of civilization.

It is at this moment, when national voices usually quiet, are clamoring for more studious attention and tribute to the farmer, when every factor in our political and economic system regards with misgiving and positive fear the depopulation of the country and the encroachment of industrial crisis and chaos in the cities, that I invite the members of the Farmers’ Union, the farmers generally of America, to join hands and brain and heart in a counsel which shall thresh out issues close to the life of the nation.

The Time is Propitious

The time is propitious, the necessity is urgent, for closer and more fraternal relations between the men upon whose shoulders rests the present and the future of America.

At bottom our interests are identical. At bottom our interests are the interests of every man, woman and child born in America now living or yet to be born.

Proper co-operation will make this conference the most momentous and constructive of its kind in the country’s history. ;

With the increased cost of - living creating a white heat agitation in which all classes of people in this country are taking part, and a promise of the con- vention managers at St. Louis that the captains of finance and the promoters and managers of industry are to be heard on the program, it is safe to say that no convention of as great importance to the people of, this country has ever been held in the history of the United States. For once the people of this country will assemble in a great national mass con- vention to discuss the issues of the day under auspices entirely free from partisan politics.

Back to the Land

The slogan of the convention will be, ‘Back to the Land!” Pause a moment and try to coniprehend, if you can, what this slogan means. A general exodus from the cities to the country, or, in other words, the picking up bodily, as it were, of the large cities with their people, their industries and enterprises and shaking them to pieces—scattering them out over larger areas of country— means a movement that will affect every occupation, ‘enterprise and industry in the United States. Therefore, it is reason- able to expect that on this account alone the attendance at this convention will be enormous. NINETY-SEVEN SUB- SIDIARY ORGANIZATIONS HAVE ALREADY ACCEPTED THE INVI- TATION TO BE PRESENT AT THIS CONVENTION.

Co-operative Marketing and Purchasing

Business sessions of the Farmers’ Union and the American Society of Equity pertaining to the administration and working questions of the respective organizations will be private, and. all A. 5S. of E, members registering at the Society headquarters in the Planters’: Hotel will be notified of all such meetings of the American Society of Equity that may take place. When giving your name for registration, be sure to state the hotel at which a messenger boy or a letter may reach you'in the city where you will attend the convention,

A joint conference will take place be- tween the executive committees of the Farmers’ Educational Co-operative Union and the American Society of Equity for the following purpose:

1, Agreeing upon some harmonious

working basis for the extension of the Continued on page 19

Page 16

}

THE

GRAIN

GROWERS’

GUIDE

This Section of The Guide is conducted officially for the United Farmers of Alberta by

Private versus Government Control Of Chilled Meat Trade

Private Company Solicits Support of United Farmers for Chilled Meat Proposition. A Review of Previous Investigations and Conclusions.

Urgent Need of Action.

Secretary Fream favors

Government Ownership

ceived from .Mr. E. G. Palmer,

secretary, Meat Exports, Ltd.,

dealing with a scheme concerning the proposed chilled meat trade which is now on foot.

Mr. Palmer requests that his letter be published in Tue Gurpx, but this is a matter in which the farmers, of Alberta especially, are strongly interested in, and it is thought advisable to hold the letter at present, as no information has as yet been secured as to the officers of the company when the company was incorporated and such other matter of

a business nature which should be known.

In Alberta this matter has been before the public for some time; in fact in 1908 a committee of five was appointed to investigate the whole question. This committee prepared a very complete report and the thanks of the committee (of which the writer was a member) is certainly due Mr. Palmer for all the assistance given by him at that time.

The Committee dealt with the necessity of providing a stable and remunerative market, the failure of existing methods to achieve the desired results, the methods adopted by other meat producing countries for disposing of their surplus, encouraging the industry and some of the results of those methods, and examination as to how far the system and methods of other countries can with advantage be applied to Canada. Recommendations for adop- tion in this country. Approximate cost of establishing a thoroughly organized system of meat chilling, etc., through- out the Deminion; and the benefits to the producer and country generally.

It was soon shown that there was strong necessity for improving the posi- tion of the stock-raising industry and the need of a market, this being emphasized more by the evidence taken by the beef commission, a few years ago, than any- thing else. It was ascertained too that the present system of marketing is very wasteful, and the objections to same were many; the live stock trade being subject to too many fluctuations and also being subject to the possibility of the doors of the great meat consuming countries being closed against us through reported dis- eases.

Canadian System Out-Of-Date

It was ascertained also that the ad- vantages of chilling were many and that practically all other meat exporting countries, except Canada, were devoting their energies more and more to the chilled meat side of the business; in fact, in a bulletin issued by the United States Department of Agriculture in. 1905, dealing with this question, the following words were used: ‘Argentina now favors the export of the product of her pastures in the form of meat and meat products rather than as live animals.”

It is needless to go over all the details which will simply emphasize the necessity of this project. All the farmers’ asso- ciations of the west have endorsed the idea of the chilled meat project, and the only stumbling block now is in the matter of finances.

A proposition was presented to the Minister of Agriculture and was turned down as being too vast for the present requirements of the country, and an amended proposition presented. Both these propositions, however, were such that the majority of the farmers of the western provinces would not be in favor of them. They called for a proportion of capital to be subscribed by a company and the balance to be subscribed by the farmers or patrons. The voting power given was such that the bond-holders or

A COMMUNICATION has been re-

capitalists who put up the first amount of money would have full control of the company.

It is true that provision was made for the live stock commissioner of the Domin- ion to be on the board of directors, and the Dominion minister of agriculture to act as chairman of the board, if possible; but this would not give these officers any voting power, and it would mean that the control would be entirely in the hands of the capitalists, and if such a scheme as outlined was adopted, it would: mean the formation of another gigantic mono- poly.

To Safeguard the Producer

It is true also that provision was made for the government to purchase the in- terests of the capitalists at any time, but if this was done, why not arrange from the first for the money to be provided by the government and the interest of the farmer as well as the consumer thoroughly safeguarded for all time.

with this matter.

enthusiastic.

from the conference. date.

in the district. lubrication.

will produce 190 lbs. of flour.

As a member of this committee, I have given this proposition considerable thought, and although when first glancing over the financing proposition it appealed

to me as a good one, still the more I have studied it the more I am convinced that it is not to the interests of the farmers to endorse such a scheme.

I am strongly in favor of, and believe there is the greatest need of a chilled meat project for the west, but believe that when. this comes it should be from the start under the control of the Dominion government, and therefore there is. no need for any company to be established to take up this matter.

In Alberta we are striving for all we are worth for a pork packing plant, which will be under government control; and it would not be consistent on our part to emphasize or assist in any wa in the formation of a company whic must necessarily be opposed to the in-

Edward J. Fream, Secretary, Innisfail, Alta.

THE WESTERN CONVENTION

Arrangements for the western convention are growing apace, and the answers received from the different boards of trade, agricultural societies, etc., are most It is expected that the convention will be a large and representa- tive one, both provinces being largely represented, and we look for good results The time of the convention will be announced at an early

in England, which should answer this purpose. miller to operate it and it will run all day without attention except for occasional It is stated that the flour produced is of first quality and it has been ascertained that when working on hard Canadian wheats imported into England the capacity of the mill is as high as 270 lbs. of wheat per hour, from which it It is claimed that the invention of this mill has | for the first time in the history of milling brought the latest type of roller flour mill within the reach of farmers and small millers. price, etc., and if those who were enquiring about this matter will write me I shall be pleased to give them the necessary information.

terests of the producers, and I therefore have come to the conclusion that the time has now come when we must be prepared to state definitely whether we wish the chilled meat project under the control of the government or in the hands of a private company.

I place these facts before the members and would ask them to discuss same at an early opportunity, but would say, finally, that I stand strongly for the government ownership and am against the guaranteeing of bonds for any company

EDWARD J. FREAM. wm wm

PUT YOUR SHOULDERS TO THE WHEEL

Under the heading, ‘‘Push Along the Pork Contracts,” will be found a resolu- tion unanimously adopted by Tofield Union.

This resolution is one which covers much ground, but at the same time is such that should apply to all the members of the U.F.A.

The rejection of the principle of co- operation as laid down in. the report of the pork commission and in the draft agreement which has been submitted by the government to the farmers for signature would strike at one of the most vital points of the U.F.A., for if the guar- antee is not forthcoming in this case it will mean that we shall be quoted the length and breadth of the country as failures, and as inconsistent in our demands.

THE LABOR QUESTION

In the effort to assist in solving the labor problem on the Alberta farms it was decided to organize a labor bureau in connection with the central office of the U.F.A., and a short time ago blanks were sent to all the unions dealing

Although at the time of writing these lists have not been in the hands of the unions for more than one week, already applications have been received for seven men and two women to work on farms, the wages quoted being from $30.00 to $40.00 per month for the men and $25.00 per month for women. will give some idea of the scarcity of labor in the province at the present time.

This

A USEFUL FLOUR MILL

Several of the unions of the U.F.A. have made enquiries recently as to the possibility of securing a flour mill of sufficient capacity to meet the needs of the district and yet cheap enough to enable same to be erected by a few farmers I have just received particulars of a roller mill, manufactured

It does not require a skilled

I have full particulars and

EDWARD J. FREAM.

Some unions are taking this matter up in the right spirit and are securing their full share of contracts, while others are indifferent and do not care whether the scheme is successful or not.

It is true that one section of the country does not desire this plant, but they are close to a good market, where they can always dispose of their produce; but this does not apply to the main portions of the country, and there is no doubt that the co-operation as provided for in this proposition will mean many dollars in the hands of the farmers during the year.

I appeal to all members to read the Tofield resolution very carefully, and if they can in any way assist in the project, would ask them kindly to do so, I have a large supply of contract forms on hand, and shall be pleased to forward same to secretaries or members at any time. So far the majority of the: contracts completed have been sent in direct to

April uth, 1910

UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA

PRESIDENT: JAMES"BOWER ?- - Rev Derr 2 WF PP Vice-Presipent: WlIETREGILLUS -. -

SEcRETARY-TREASURER: E. J. FREAM - - - Innisfail

Directors at Larae:

James Speakman, Penhold; D. W. Warner, Clover Bar; L. H. Jelliff, Spring Coulee.

CALGARY

District Drrectrors:

T. H. Balaam, Vegreville; George Long, Namao; fF. H. Langston, Rosenroll; E Carswell, Penhold; J. Quinsey, Barons; FE. Greisbach, Gleichen ;_ A. Von Mieleicki, Calgary.

LALLA TTS eeeeRneteeessnteesashseesnnatnnutatcianete

the live stock commissioner, but four unions—Agricola, Beleamp, Pleasant Val- ley and Gleichen—have forwarded signed contracts to me and in each case requested a further supply. of contract forms. This is the goal to lead up to. It does not require very much—an average of only ten for each member will provide the guarantee. But before signing the contract, even if you are tempted to sign for the mere ten, I would suggest to you that you consider the advisability of increasing this to at least twenty-five. It will be, comparatively speaking, no harder to provide twenty-five than the

ten. EDWARD J. FREAM. wy omy A GOOD SUGGESTION

At the regular monthly meeting of Stettler Union held on April 1, the fol- lowing resolution was unanimously car- ried :—

“That, in view of the valuable time that is being lost in dealing with the hail insurance question and the difficulty experienced in bringing about an unanimi- ty of opinion amongst the various unions it is felt that unless some definite move is made quickly this all important matter will drag on indefinitely. Therefore, be it resolved, that in the opinion of. the Stettler Union all unions should be asked to at once adopt a resolution, to leave the framing of a suitable measure based as far as possible on the resolutions that have already been received from the different unions in the hands of the directors of the central organization.

H. A. STEELE, Secretary. w wm LAC ST. VINCENT ORGANIZES

A meeting of the farmers of Lac St. Vincent district was held on April 2, to consider the advisability of organizing a union of the U.F.A. Mr. Dan Fay was voted to the chair and twenty-three people voted in favor of the proposition, though only ten paid their fee at the time.

It was moved by A. A. Emery and seconded by A. Scott: “That John B. Green be elected president.” This was unanimously adopted, and the president thanked the members for the honor they had conferred on him in a very able speech.

On motion of Messrs. Bertrand and Green, Mr. W. E. Fay was unanimously elected vice-president.

On motion of Messrs. Green and Scott, Mr. J. E. Bertrand was unanimously appointed secretary-treasurer.

The meeting then adjourned till Satur- day, April 23rd next, at 7 p.m.

J. E, BERTRAND, Sec.

ow wy

WILL FORM COW-TESTING ASSOCIATION

Alix Union held its regular meeting on March 26, with Col. Marryat in the chair. Among other business it was decided to write the live stock commission- er and ask him to give an address in Alix on the pork packing proposition. A committee was appointed to interview farmers interested in dairying, with a view to forming a herd testing association. » A resolution was. passed expressing approval of consolidated , schools, and recommending to the Central committee that in view of such ‘schools having proved successful in other parts of Cunada

-they should urge the provincial govern-

ment to grant powers to any district to carry on such schools.

April 20th, 1910

Push Along the Pork Contract

At the last regular meeting of the Tofield Union the following resolution was. unanimously -adopted:

Whereas, in view of the fact that the organized farmers of the province of Alberta have been petitioning the provincial government for some years past to induce them to establish a government pork packing plant in the interests of the farmer who raises hogs and the people who purchase the cured article.

And, whereas, the government have now consented to undertake the enterprise if a sufficient number of hogs can be secured, and have accordingly ap- pointed men to canvass the country and secure patrons for the plant, but from reports received it seems that the farmers are somewhat reluctant in signing the agreements and so far the work has not been as satisfactory as was anticipated, which portends, to say the least, in the possibility of this project falling through, which, should such occur, would be. a hard blow to the farmers’ association that would take years to live down and regain the prestige lost by such an oc- currence.

Therefore, be it resolved by the mem- bers of Tofield Local Union of the U. F. A., that every union in the association be asked to bestir itself in this undertaking and pledge itself to spare neither time nor expense until it secures enough sig- natures which will amount to at least ten hogs to each member in that local.

Also, be it resolved, that this local canvass the country until at least ten hogs to each member is secured for the govern- ment plant. That is to say at least 400 hogs, as there are 40 members in the Tofield local.

And, be it further resolved, that this resolution be printed verbatim in Tue GuipeE in an early issue of that paper and that the secretary of the central association be asked to send a copy of Tue Gurve in which this resolution is published to each local of the U. F. A.

And, further, be it resolved, that each local shall report to the secretary of the Association from time to time as to how it is progressing in the work of securing patrons for the government plant, so that the secretary may have the number of hogs secured inserted in Tur Guinn.

In presenting this resolution to your notice I feel assured that if the wishes contained therein are carried out we shall have no difficulty in securing the stipu- lated number of hogs for the government plant. That binding clause in the agree- ment seems to turn a mole hill into a mountain and stops many farmers from signing same. I maintain that once the plant is established the binding clause will be the bulwark of this co-operative enterprise, against which the competitors of the plant will be powerless.

JAMES FLETCHER, Secretary. ww ww

CLARKEVILLE PROGRESSING

A meeting of Clarkeville Union was held on March 28, all members and officers, with the exception of the president, being present.

The vice-president took the chair and it was decided to have a regular meeting on the last Monday of ‘each month. Two new members were enrolled.

A number of farmers in the district report having commenced work on the land and everything favors a prosperous

season. SYDNEY C. JONES, Sec. wwe &

A SUCCESSFUL FIELD DAY

On April Ist the members of Keho Union had a very successful field day among the gophers, the result being that a large number of these little pests met their Waterloo. At the close of the day’s work the ladies provided a most excellent supper and nearly 200 sat down and did full justice to the fare provided. After supper a good program was rendered and thoroughly enjoyed, after which the crowd tripped the light fantastic toe till the wee sma’ hours.

The following prizes were awarded for proficiency during the day:

For the largest number of gopher tails caught by a member: Gold mounted fountain pen, won by P. Hoptyson.

Prizes won by the children: — First, boy’s watch, won by Glen Jenks. Second, book, The Foreigner, won by Peter Di Cook. Third, book, A Tale of Two Cities, won by Willie George.

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

We are desirous of securing information as to the formation of a stock market. We want to establish a market where we can dispose of fat stock, and sell all kinds of stock to.each other.

WM. ISAAC, Secretary. ww &

RECOMMEND MANITOBA’S PLAN

At a well attended meeting of Macleod Union held recently the following reso- lution was passed almost unanimously :—

“That the provincial government levy a tax on all taxable lands in Alberta at the rate of one dollar per quarter section for the purpose of financing a system of government hail insurance. The max- imum indemnity to be six dollars per acre.

A resolution was also passed suggesting that the elevator committee follow, as near as practicable, the system adopted iy the Manitoba Grain Growers’ Associa- ion.

We are asking Mr. W. F. Stevens, Live Stock Commissioner, to address the farmer of this community on the Pork Packing Contract at an early date, also for Mr. W. J. Tregillus to assist us in organization work.

W. J. GLASS, Secretary. ww w

FALL WHEAT LOOKS FINE

The Heather Brae Union wishes to report that the third meeting, held on April 1st, was not quite so successful as the others, on account of the members being busy seeding,: but those present took an active part in all the discussions. The crop prospects in this district are good and the winter wheat has come through the winter in fine style and now is in good shape.

There was considerable talk on, the pork packing proposition, but the members not being very well posted on the subject it was decided that it would be better to drop the matter until the live stock commissioner can visit the union.

The president explained the necessity of the members subscribing to Tue GuipE, pointing out the value of such a paper in the homes, and showing how it would keep the members in touch with the Central Association. Seven sub- scriptions were received and forwarded.

At the close of the meeting the young fellows were not slow in clearing out the seats,.and a jolly good dance took place in which old as well as young people participated. There was no_ thought of trusts and combines as we went whirling through that first waltz, and the feet kept time to the music furnished by Miss Daisy Smith till the ladies announced supper. This proved to be an excellent repast and when everyone was satisfied the dancing was resumed until two o’clock, when Home Sweet Home was the sound and the adjournment came with everyone wishing and hoping that we will meet soon again and have just another such fine time as this one.

E. B. OLSON, Secretary. woe

SPECIAL MEETING HELD

A special meeting of Huxley Union was held on April 4th to consider the hail insurance and other questions. After considerable discussion it was unani- mously decided to support the motion presented by Valley District Union. The pork packing proposition then came up for discussion and the signing of the contracts was dropped until further in- formation could be secured. Mr. Nels Anderson was admitted as a member of the union.

A letter from the warden of the King- ston Penitentiary in reference to binder twine was read but it was thought to be too early in the season to deal with this matter, so it was laid on the table for the next meeting.

W. H. KENNEDY, Secretary. ww &

NOT ACQUAINTED WITH DR. COOK

The first regular meeting .of Cooke Union was held in the Haultain School on March 26, and four new members were enrolled. We expect to have a good strong union, and don’t think, Mr. Editor, it is going to fall because it is named after Dr. Cook, the great North Pole.fakir. With such men at the helm as E. W. Keeler and C. A. Johnson we are bound to succeed. A hearty vote of thanks was accorded to Mr. G. H. Manser, of Lewisville, who so ably filled the chair at our organization meeting.

J. N. FRANKLIN, Secretary, |

RURAL TELEPHONES NEEDED

At the meeting of Prairie Centre Union held recently the members passed a resolution favoring the agreement re the pore packing plant,

The rural telephone question was dis- cussed with the result that R. J. Lincoln was appointed a committee to investigate the practicability of establishing a rural telephone system to be owned and con- trolled by the farmers of Erskine and vicinity, from Erskine south.

The co-operative question was up for discussion by previous arrangement. It was ably handled by the members of the union and while no definite results were arrived at the members were in full accord with the co-operative spirit and heartily in favor of organizing an association that will handle everything the farmer has to buy, as well as what he has to sell.

G. W. LOHR, Secretary.

oO oe & MILLET ORGANIZED

A meeting of the farmers of the Millet district was called on April 9th by Mr. T. K. Rogne to consider the advisability of organizing a union of the U. F. A. After some discussion it was decided to proceed with the organization, and ten members joined the union, the first officers elected being: T. K. Rogne, president, and Robert C. Young, secretary- treasurer.

oo w

BOTHA DISTRICT HEARD FROM

The Blue Ridge Union of the U. F. A. recently met for re-organization purposes, when it was decided to change the name to Botha, this being the name of the new town on the Lacombe branch of the C. P. R., and it is expected that the member- ship of this union will be at least 100 by the end of the year. Tenders have been called for 60,000 pounds of binder twine and will be opened at the next meeting of the union. We would like to arrange with the Gadsby and Castor Unions for a visit from some official from the Central Association at an early date, so that the workings of the U. F. A. can be fully explained.

W. F. EYESTONE Secretary. ww

A RECORD OF PROGRESS

Trenville Union No. 180 held its regular meeting on April Ist, with President Greene in the chair, there being 14 mem- bers and 15 visitors present.

After the minutes had been disposed of applications for membership were re- ceived and eight new names were added to the roll.

Mr. R. Greenwood reported that he was authorized to take up subscriptions on behalf of Mr. Delaine, a young home- steader south of Trenville, who with his wife and family had lost everything they possessed through the ravages of a prairie fire which passed through the Trenville district on March 30. Several members donated money, some donated grain, etc., and a full list will be sent next week of those who donated to this fund.

Among the visitors present was Mr. Reinach, of Trochu creamery, and also the buttermaker from that creamery, Mr. Snip. They addressed the meeting and gave a synopsis of the method under which the creamery at Trochu was oper- ated, and asked for the patronage of the farmers of the Trenville district.

Mr. Wilton, president of the government creamery at Content, who was accompan- ied by Mr. Streich and Mr. Norton, of Content, also ably addressed the meeting on behalf of the Content creamery and urged the Trenville patrons to stand by the government creamery. He guar- anteed to give his personal attention to any complaints the patrons might make at any time. Mr. Wilton was ably assisted by his confreres, who stated in particular that the farmers should help the government creamery provided it gave them satisfaction. A hearty vote

of thanks was tendered the speakers-

for their excellent addresses.

I am very pleased to report the enthu- siasm being displayed here on behalf of the U. F. A., which is apparent from the growth of this union. We shall be glad, however, to receive a visit from some of the officers of the‘association, if they will let us know when to expect them.

“We now have a membership of thirty-

four. THOS. LAVER, Secretary:

Page 17,

SOMETHING ABOUT HAIL INSURANCE

As the first of April is now past the various hail insurance resolutions will have been tabulated ere this and I do hope that the executive will be able to give the law makers of the province, seeing that they are not meeting till the last of May, a trial and ascertain if they really are in earnest: with the bread’ winners of our fair land, or if as of old they are just fooling. I hope we have called the bluff and that they will now come out and do business.

I am very sorry indeed that the movers of the different resolutions offered at our convention were not given a chance

and some time to explain their resolutions

to the convention, as we could no-doubt have understood each other better after such a discussion. I have deferred saying anything on the subject sooner because we voted to send all the resolu- tio1s back to the unions for the members to decide as they saw fit, the one receiving the most votes to be put forward by the legislative committee, The time is up. the verdict is passed, and what result will follow? ’

As president of the union presenting resolution No. 7, I wish to publicly thank you, one and all, whether we have won or lost. We think it better to run and try than to stand still and die, and we thought we had a resolution which was practical, consistent and fair ‘to all concerned.

First, in the hail losses we must protect the country, as any country is just as the people living in such a country make it. We can’t hope or expect to raise above our aspirations. If we never aspire we will never realize. T say. united we stand, divided we fall. In’ the blanket tax proposed by us for indemnity for hail losres and gopher poison the farmers are protected; by the bounty on coyotes the rancher is pro- tected; and by the proposed little bit of the town lots we will see if the town people wish. and want the country they live in to prosper or go down. We meant to show that we were not beggars and were willing to pay our own bills, so re- quested the blanket tax on every acre of rateable land and on every town lot.

Stand by it, boys, and make them show their hands. Get in the game and join the procession, for the U.F.A. is a winner at every turn of the game, and we are always prepared to call any bluff, so long as we have such men as at present to lead our forces to victory.

JAMES MINER. ow wy

APPROVES CONTRACT

A meeting of Lakeford Union was held on Saturday, April 9, when Mr. D. W. Warner addressed the meeting on the proposed pork packing plant. Mr. Warn- er addressed the meeting in a very good manner and instilled some knowledge and enthusiasm into the members and secured several contracts. A committee, consisting of Messrs. M. Maxwell, A. Greep, R. Carter, J. Monteith and R. Adams, was appointed to secure as many patrons as possible, and their energies will be devoted to this object,

ALFRED GREEP, Sec. ooo

A SUCCESSFUL MEETING

Mr. D. W. Warner held a successful meeting at Glen Park school house on March 29. He cleared up several points about which a good many. of us have been in doubt, and I am sure that his visit will result in a hearty support of the pork packing proposition in this district.

O. A. BROUGHTON, Secretary.

owe INFORMATION WANTED

At the meeting of Summerview Union held recently, I was requested to secure information as to prices and markets for our farm produce, butter, eggs, etc., in the neighboring mountain towns. I shall be pleased to receive the names of any companies or persons who are anxious of obtaining fresh produce direct from the farmers. The members complain of the extremely poor prices now secured for these articles and think it is possible to do better by dealing direct. Summer- view is situated near Pincher Station, on the Crows Nest line of the C. P. R.

FRANK S. RITCHIE, Secretary.

Page 18

WANT, SALE AND EXCHANGE

All advertisements under this heading will) be charged for at the rate of @c. per word per inser- tion: six insertions given for the price of hve.

This department will be made a special feature of Tue Guipe from now on, and is designed to better serve the interests of our subscribers by furnishing space where they may. make known their wants and get in touch with prospective buyers at a nominal cost. Under this heading will be inserted all miscellaneous advertising, such as Farms for Sale, or Wanted, Machinery, Help Wanted, Articles Wanted and For Sale, Auction Sales, etc. :

In this column, as in every part of Tun Gurpe, any. advertisements of a fake or questionable character will not be accepted, but the space will be contined exclusively to the use of legitimate advertisers who seek help, or wish to buy, sell or exchange Stock, Machinery, etc. A condensed advertisement in Tus Grain Grownrs’ Guipe should be a business getter for you. ‘Try it and be convinced.

FOR SALE, Lady’s “CLEVELAND” BICYCLE, in perfect order; used one year.-——For particulars wrile Airs, Juck Jobuson, Starbuck, Man, 87V.

PLYMOUTH ROCKS AND BUFF WYAN- \ dottes; 14 years a breeder; eggs for sitting $1.50 for 18, A liberal discount for quantities T. W. Knowles, Emerson, Man. 35 FOR SALE, REGISTERED SHOKTHORNS — * Shorthern dairy cows at $50 to $75 euch, young bulls at $35 to $70; grade cows and stockers Bousfield, 18

supphed — remarkabl cheap.—d. Orchard Farm, Mactiisnnr, Ma WANTED, AT ONCE, A CARTOONIST, ONE capable of making first-class newspaper car- toons and illustrations, and also of doing coler _work. Applicants should send samples of their work to The Grain Growers’ Guide, Winnipeg. Man. $5 * NATIVE SPRUCE TREES FOR SALE~—AVER- age size 15 inches; $1 per. dozen or $7 per hundred, prepaid. Thos. Fry, Canora, cua)

FOR SALE-—-EGGS FOR HATCHING, FROM pure bred $.C, Brown Leghorns, $1.00 per set- ting. — William Denoon, Birnie, Man. $40,

FOR SALE — ABUNDANCE SEED OATS

town from Garton Seed, cleaned and bagged 2.00 a ewt. f.0.b. -Girvin. — Hazellon Bros., Girvin, Sask. 84°

- THOROUGHBRED BARRED PLYMOUTH Rock Eggs; $1.00 for thirteen or 85.00 for, hun- dred. —Uenty Woodcock, Clanwilliam, Man, 84a

Seed, hiked gt ene cota ee WANTED, TENDERS FOR BINDER TWINE in car lots, by Zelma Grain Growers’ Association, Address, A. H. Cline, See.-Treas., Zelma, Sack.

4 S4H

FOR SALE, TWO YOUNG PURE BRED Shorthorn Bulls, cheap; good pedigree.—Apply to James A. Milchell, Radisson, Sask, 834A FALL WHEAT FOR: SALE, 500 BUSHELS, Kansas Turkey Red, for seed, absolutely clean,

Price 81,25 per bushel, sacks extra. A, L. Ash- down, Swan River, Man, ROSE COMB BROWN LEGHORNS, THE

regular egg machines. Eggs for sale from prize mioaing sine, $1.50 per 15; $6 per 100,—W. C. Bruce, Valley, Sask. 87r SOUTH AFRICAN WARRANTS FOR SALE, Clese prices,. prompt delivery.—T, D Thomp- gon & Co., 42 Merchants Bank, Winnipeg. 86H I HAVE A NUMBER OF SOUTH AFRICAN Veterans’ Serip fer Sale cheap; write or wire orders. I pay highest priees, spot cash.— W. P. Redgers, 608 Melntyre Block, Winnipeg, Man. : 86H FOR SALE, TWO SECTIONS OF THE finest wheat land in Canada, located near Hal- brite in the famons Weyburn district. Harry Pinks, Halbrite, Sask 36H BUFF ORPINGTON EGGS, FROM‘ GOOD laying strain; choice birds; pote but the best colors kept; $1.50 per 13.—Neil Wilson, Heaslip, _Man.; P.O. Orders payable at Minto. A QUANTITY OF MENSURY BARLEY FOR Seed, free from fowl weeds; price, in cotton bugs, 70c. per bushel, f.0.b. Keyes. —J. Stewart, Glad- stone. — a 37E FOR SALE, CEMENT BLOCK OUTFIT AND business at Gilbert Plains: good location. H. A. Meyer, Gilbert: Plains: 86v JAS. CASWELL, SASKATOON.-SHORT- horns. Barred Rock Eggs, $1.50. . Rye Grass

Seed, no noxious weeds. 86H

REPRESENT U

We want a lady or gentleman at every post office to be agent for the only farm paper published, owned and edited by the farmers. It is the only official organ of the largest national buying and marketing organization ‘of farmers, the American Society of uity. . First applicants have choice of Nersitony Sxceptional proposition to Solicitors this month, Salary, commission and premiums.

Equity Farm Journal, Room 419, Indianapolis, Ind

The Outcome

A human man, seeing an overladen horse, put his shoulder to the wheel; and the owner of the horse thanked him— but he loaded the horse more heavily next time, knowing he would be helped.

A sympathetic man, seeing a boy drag a loa Bt wud, helped him through the street. The father of the boy felt grateful to the man—but he told the boy he must bring bigger loads in future.

“A. public-spirited man improved the city, and the owners of the city lots passed a resolution of thanks to him—but at | raised the prices of the lots.—Bolton Hall.

" assistance):

THE

GRAIN

Modesty on the Bench

A certain prominent English jurist was transferred from the chancery court. to the admiralty court rather unexpectedly. While conversant with English law. to a surprising degree, this gentleman had spent little time in marine law and was rather dubious as to his ability to cope with the duties of his new office.

His colleagues, in recognition of the occasion, gave him a dinner, after which he was called upon for an address. He made a long and serious speech, which embraced about everything, from free trade to England’s foreign policy. Then, pausing a moment, he-glanced round the crowded room and said: :

“Gentlemen, in closing, I can think of no better words than the lines of Tenny- son:

“And my there be no moaning of the ar When I put out to sea.’

w Ow Emergency Currency

The agitation for emergency currency promises to become very popular, not only because we all like currency but because we all have emergencies. But the particular kind of emergency currency that has been advocated in some quarters is not exactly what we want, for, by its provisions, the bankers will have all the currency while we shall still have our emergencies,

”

wm mw w

Crusty Uncle (who is weary of being asked again and again for pecuniary Why the dickens don’t you go home to your father and get him to kill the fatted calf?

Young Hard-Up: He’d be a jolly sight more likely to kill the prodigal son. :

: w wy my Same Old Story

“How shall I break the news to my parents that I have failed in my exams?”

“Merely. telegraph them: ‘Examina- tion over. Nothing new!’ ”

we ow ww By Installments

“Do you really, really care so very much for me, darling?” she asked.

“‘Dud—dud—does a—dud—dud—dud —duck—cuc—cuc—care for water, Sus— sweet? Indeed, I dud—-dud—do, ,dud— dud—darling! You are the one pup— pup—priceless pup—pup—pearl among pup—pup—pearls, pup—pup—Polly! You are’ que—que—queen of my heart, dud— dud—darling! The pup—pup—power that bub—bub—bends me like a reed— at thy fuf—fuf—feet!”

And she apparently believed him.

ww & Jack Says

That economy is the word used by our neighbor with reference to his stingi- ness.

That a wise woman will choose the “slow coach” in preference to the. fast male.

That the woman who named her son Romeo did a quite unnecessary thing.

That a fool and his advice are soon parted. 2 ;

That some one should urge the gossips to organize in favor of shorter hours.

ww Howard: She has a speed of one hundred words a minute. Coward: Who? Your stenographer? Howard: No; my wife. ‘ :

Ow : Proper Spirit. i

“Do. you really think it necessary to give Mrs. Bigwad. anything on her birthday?” ;

“Yes, Harold, .we. really must. She remembered ull our children at Christ- mas, and now the least we can do is to retaliate.”’—Puck. —

ROWERS’ GUIDE

HY iy

Which Being Interpreted Joseph was interpreting the dream of seven lean and seven fat kine. “Tt means that the beef trust will charge top prices for both,” he declared. Herewith they saw he was a prophet.

wy Didn’t Care to Mention His Name

A colored woman presented herself the other day in an Equal Suffrage State at the place of registration to qualify for the casting of her vote upon the. school question at the next election.

“With what political party do you affiliate?” inquired the clerk of the un- accustomed applicant, using the pre- scribed formula.

The dusty lady “blushed,” all coyness and confusion. ‘‘Is I ’bleeged to answer that there question?”

“Certainly; the law requires it.”

“Then,” retreating in dismay, “I don’t believe [’ll vote, ’case I’d hate to have to mention the party’s name. He’s one of the nicest gent-mums in town.”

; ww Commercially Expressed

The exigencies of the occasion com- pelled the city ecitor to assign the young financial reporter to write the account of the ball. He was instructed to give particular attention to a description. of the costumes of ihe ladies. The following excerpts from his report have been pre- served:

“Miss Blimmers was the object of a good deal of flurry at the opening of the ball. Bidders were enthusiastic. She wore a spangled dress and was con- spicuous during the season at about 187, preferred.”

‘““Mrs. Marriem made her first appear- ance since her last. divorce. She has been resting at the springs, and the reorganization sets her at par.”

“Miss Newwun, in a simple white dress, was a tentative offering at the start, but. within an hour jumped to 275. There was at that time a great scramble, but the lucky bidder who is said to have been planning a squeeze, was Mr. Dash.”

“Miss Boldun wore a costume that was 40, 30 and 10 off.”

ww & Publicity Indeed

Every now and then publicity is ad- vocated as a cure for some evil. No greater mistake was ever made. Publicity can do nothing. Take the traction situation in the average city, for instance. Everybody knows that the cars are un- clean, that they are overcrowded, that they are cold in winter and warm in sum- mer, and that the owners of the lines are rolling in wealth. There is publicity for you. No secret about it at all. We don’t have to wait for the newspapers or magazines to come. out to learn the situation. But publicity does nothing whatsoever. It is as quiescent as a southern policeman at a lynching.

ew ww Natural Advantages

A few hours after the very elaborate Christmas dinner little Marie was taken violently ill, and her cousin Elizabeth, who had been unhappy all day on account of Marie’s prettier dress, was heard to whisper in an awed vuice: ‘ Marie’s got the prettiest clothes, all right, but I’ve got the strongest stomach.”

Ambiguous Stella: I wouldn’t marry the best man on earth. : Knicker; Have I asked you to? : wy ow wy “Edwin,” said a young wife, noticing how heartily her husband was eating, “do

I cook as well as your mother did?” “Once .

for all, Angelina,” replied Edwin, ‘as he stared at her through his monocle, “I beg you will remember that, although I may seem to be in reduced circumstances now, I come of an old and distinguished family. My mother was not a cook!”

April 20th, L91V

BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY

Cards under this heading will be inserted weekly at the rate of $4.00 per line, per year. o card accepted for less than six months, or less space than two lines.

Under this heading should appear the names of every breeder of Live Stock in the West. Buyers and Breeders everywhere, as you are well aware, are constantly on the look-out for additions to their herds or the exchange of some purticular animal, and as Tue Guipe is now recognized as the best market ‘authority, and in every way the most reliable journal working in the interests of the West, nothing is more natural than for you to seek in its columns for the names of reliable men to deal with when buying stock.

Consider the smallness of the cost of carrying a card in this column compared with the results that are sure to follow, and make up your mind to send us your card today.

ROSEDALE tAKM BERKSHIKES, — YOUNG stock for sale-—G. A. Hope, Wadena, Sask.

A. D. McDONALD, BREEDER. OF PURE-BRED

. Yorkshires and) pure-bred Shorthorns; young

Hats for sale.—Sunnyside Stock Farm, Napinka, an,

McKIRDY BROS., MOUNT PLEASANT STOCK — Farm, Napinka, Man., breeders and importers of Clvdesdales and Shorthorns: stock for sale.

HEREFORD CATTLE & SHETLAND PONIES. J. E. Marples, Poplar Park Farm, Hartney,Man.

DOMO

Cream Separators $2022

A high class Machine at less than

HALF USUAL _ PRICES

Dealers who sell, other: separators can sell dozens of the Domos. Write for Price List C & territory.

The Domo Separator Company

427 UNION BANK BUILDING, WINNIPEG

Mange and Skin Germs

Can be cured quickly and permanently by the use of

COWL Brand Drips

PARASITES LIKE THESE are what sap the life and vim out of your stock. The terrible tortures they inflict are practically indescribable, A few applications of

COWL Brand Drips

will: make acomplete killing of Mange Germs,

ice, Mites, Ticks and all Skin Germs, an will increase the earning power of every animal on your farm,

TRY IT NOW while you have the oppor- tunity of conveniently upplylng it.

SOLD MOSTLY EVERYWHERE or sent direct at

$1.25 per gallon

f.o.b. Winnipeg, if you mention your dealer's name, Address Dept.

Carbon Oi V orks Lid WINNIPEG bases as tana

April 20th, 1910

Style A Piano Sent on 30 days’ free trial

saw our offer in this paper.

ACT AT ONCE, TODA

OUR OFFER

Fill out and return the coupon to us at ‘once, or if you wish, drop us a card, stating that you We will immediately forward you illustrations of our several instru- ments together with price on each. You pick out whatever Piano suits you best, notify us and

anyway.

THE GRAIN. GROWERS’ GUIDE

your money back.”

and it is yours.

Louis Piano.

The most beautiful Piano in Canada Sent on 30 days’ free tria]

You may not see this offer again. Send for our complete information It’s free and may mean dollars to you. you never again will have an opportunity to get so famous an instrument at Wholesale Price, and our FREE TRIAL OFFER is beyond the ability of any other manufacturer to handle.

W. Doherty Piano & Organ Co. Ltd.

Western Branch: 280 HARGRAVE ST., WINNIPEG, Man. Long Distance Phone, Main 9166

The policy of this Company has always been “Satisfaction or We are now ready to announce the greatest and most liberal offer ever made by any responsible house in’ this Dominion, an offer which brings our factory right to your door and enables you to examine and test the pianoin your own home, and then, if satisfied that the Doherty is the one piano for you, pay the Wholesa'e Factory price of the instrument We will allow liberal terms of payment and before we ask-for one cent of your money, we place the piano in your house without expense to you.

One thing is certain

we willforward it to you, freight prepaid, allow- ing you thirty days free examination and_ trial. If you don’t want it, return to us at our expense and -you_are nothing out. are based on actual cost to produce, with no com- — missions for jobber and middleman.

W. Doherty Piano and Organ Co. Ltd. 282 Hargrave St., Winnipeg, Man.

Gent LemMeN.—Please forward at once illustrations of your pianos together with prices and full particulars of your Free Trial Offer explaining how I f of your pianos for Thirty Days’ Free Trial without expense to me,

Page 19

Style B Piano Sent on 30 day’s free trial

If you do want it our prices

COUPON

may obtain one

NAMB Go

ADDREBB I UNE any eg A Oe Sak ae

World Greatest Convention of Farmers

Continued from page 15

respective organizations in various sections of the United States.

2. Discussing the advisability and pos- sibility of consolidation of the two or- ganizations.

3. The development of some means by which the local unions of the respective organizations can market their products and purchase such supplies as they may desire to buy collectively on a co-operative basis.

“The convention will mark the begin- ning of a new epoch in the history of this country. It wil centre the attention of the people so effectively upon our pres- ent methods of distributing farm and factory products that the whole system will be changed in less time than nine- tenths of the people of this country now have any idea of.

The Doomsday Book

A large committee of the Farmers’ Union has been at Washington, D. C., during the present session of congress, and will be kept there until the first of May. This committee is compiling a

report in which the status of the legislation ~

demanded and needed by the American farmer will be plainly set forth. The reading of this report will be a feature of the St. Louis convention, which will attract more than usual interest. The public press even now speaks of it as the Doomsday Book, :

The program will be given to the public press as rapidly as it is completed.

The public meetings will be held in the new. Coliseum, which is considered the best convention hall in the United States. Twenty thousand people can be seated comfortably in it. In addition to the seating of the visitors there is in the Coli- seum ample floor space for ‘exhibition which will be used for exhibiting those products of the farm and factory that will interest thé visitors. The General Pas- senger Agents’ Association is now con- sidering a proposition to grant unusually low return rates to all visitors to’ the con- ‘vention. es

The city of St. Louis can accommodate with comfort 200,000 people. Notwith- standing the enormous housing capacity, those who are coming should write im- mediately having reserved for them the character of rooms that is desired, so as not to be crowded when they do arrive. Send the usual fifty per cent. to be deposi- ted for your rooms.

This convention is invited to St. Louis by the Convention Bureau, the Governor of the State of Missouri, Mayor of the city of St. Louis, the St. Louis Business Men’s League, Merchants’ Ex- change, Missouri Manufacturers’ Asso- ciation and the million population as well. In addition to the above, there are some forty-five other organizations that are directly interested in making this convention the most important in his- tory.—E. H.S.

Ow & NO DOUBT WITH ETHICAL i INTENTIONS The newspapers report that Col.

John Jacob Astor has gradually acquired four thousand acres of land in Dutchess County, near Rhinebeck, and is restoring most of them to the state of nature. The process involves the demolition of dwellings, churches and other buildings once in use by the occupants of the land, and the emancipation of the land itself from tillage. Two villages, the papers say—one of thirty houses, the other of forty—have disappeared in the march of Col, Astor’s improvements.

Colonel Astor is not a wasteful man, and has, no doubt, a deeper purpose in his innovations than thoughtless observers suspect. Persons who suppose that he is merely making for himself: a park and shooting preserve conveniently near New York are invited to extend their hypothesis. Park and_ shooting place may be incidents of his intention, but we suspect his chief design is to afford an object lesson of the uses of .money.

which, helped in their day to raise hob

in France and in-our day . have brought on the budget crisis in England. Without some such ethical purpose in the back of his mind the Colonel, we are pretty sure, would not be making waste land

‘of so many. acres.

FARMERS SHOULD ORGANIZE NOW

A farmer writes to the Craik Weekly News as follows:

Saskatchewan now ranks first as a wheat producing province of the Dominion, and that it will always be prominently an agricultural province, depending main- ly upon the farmer for the production of her wealth, is very plain to all. And that these farmers are alive to the interest of themselves and the country was shown by the great gathering of earnest men assembled at the Grain Growers’ Conven- tion at Prince Albert.

A keen enthusiasm was shown through- out the convention. The thorough and business-like manner in which the work was done, and matters pertaining to the country’s welfare discussed, shows that there are many capable leaders at the head of the organization.

It behooves every farmer to step for- ward like a man to support these cham- pions of ourrights. Now is the time they need your help and encouragement. In joining the association you are helping yourself, helping your neighbor and ad- vancing the interest of your country.

In demanding any reform from the governments, it is the numbers behind these demands that count. Would they dare refuse any demand which was demanded by the whole country? .If every farmer belonged to the association, would they refuse to listen? Farmers, this is where your great strength lies in UNITY.

If the farmers of the province are to receive a just reward for their toil they must look well to their interest. That we are prosperous now is because our land is new and in its full strength, not because we are getting a just reward for our work. This will not always be so. We must look ahead and make provision now, while we have the means, the opportunity and the men. ahead. Strike while the iron is hot.

In the Living Present :

Now is the time to make our demands. The governments are favorable to us, the oppositions are in their infancy (but are growing fast), and they will be easier handled now than when they have grown

‘to such large proportions as to defy the

wholecountry.

Now is the time to push :

There is much to strive for, mind we are far from the world’s markets, the freight on all our products is far too high— as well as on all we have to buy—as it all has to be brought from a distance. Our position on the continent makes cheap transportation absolutely necessary.

Then there is another question of vital importance to us, that is the high tariff. Most of this unjust tax we are paying is not going to the government but into the pockets of some private manufacturer. There are many other questions which

‘need your thought and attention.

Remember, if the province is to be developed to its utmost, living must be made as cheap as possible and everyone must receive the just return for his labor. You owe it as a duty to your family, to your profession and to your country, to improve your condition to the utmost, to be able to give to your children all the advantages possible, that they may grow up noble, useful men and women—an honor to this fair province and a benefit to mankind.

Me te eye

HOW THE FARMER FAILS TO PROFIT

In the course of the discussion of the tariff in the House of Commons Major Currie gave a specific instance of the way in which the farmers of Canada are put at disadvantage. ‘‘In New Brunswick they have been shipping potatoes in to the United States, but the American government has raised the duty on potatoes to 40 cents per bushel and our duty on potatoes coming into Canada from the United States remains at 20 cents per bushel. The Americans send thousands of bushels of potatoes into Canada because their potato crop ripens earlier than ours and yet the Canadain farmers in New Brunswick are practi- cally prohibited from sending potatoes

into the United States. In view of such

‘things as this, I. ask the house, and I

ask the government is it not fair that we

‘should adopt ‘the principle of putting tariff as

against tariff.” oS & & The Grain Growers’ and C. O. F., are talking of -building a hall in Ridge- ville, Manitoba.—Dominion City paper.

sar?

LEZ 10 EN

tated my taking the early morning

train, and as I settled back into

my seat my attention was centered upon two prominent farmers whom knew very well, and after the common salutations re health and weather, they commenced an animated discussion of the elevator question, and for convenience in recording what they said, I will call the one Mr. Capital G and the other Mr. Small G.

Mr. Capital G opened up by asking, “What is all this agitation the Grain Growers’ Association is keeping up in reference to the elevators about?”

“Well,” said Mr. Small G. “That is rather a large question, but of course you must know the history of this elevator monopoly. But, no, you did not com- mence raising grain until long after the initial stages of this agitation were passed. But I suppose you are aware that the present grain and inspection act, with all its provisions for safe-guarding the individual shipper, together with the loading platform facilities, is the result of the efforts of this association.”

“Oh, yes,” said Mr. Capital G, “TI have heard that they lay claim to that. But that has nothing to do with the proposition now before us. These safe- guards are here, no m itter how they came,’

“No,” said Mr. Small G, “the fight has only just begun. Your education in this. matter is considerably out of joint. The fact that the Department of Trade and Commerce is now conducting an investigation as to why millions of bushels of wheat going into the terminals as No. 2 Northern can go out as No. 1, similar to a condition that prevailed at Duluth, which was discovered recently by a similar investigation, is proof that this matter is not so simple as it looks.”

“But the terminal elevators have no connection with the interior elevators,”’ said Mr. Capital G,

“That is where you are mistaken,” said Mr, Small G. “The same brood that operates the interior elevators can manipulate things at the terminals to such an extent that I have no doubt will be a surprise to the Department of Trade and Commerce before they get through with the investigation.”

“Well, now, look here,” said Mr. Capital G, ‘“‘it is three years since I commenced farming and this last year I grew some forty thousand bushels of grain, wheat, oats and flax; and I have made the discovery that I cannot afford to have my team hauling wheat in the fall when they can be working on the land. They are worth ten or fifteen dollars per day on the land. Moreover, it is difficult to get cars in the fall, when so many are shipping, so I built several bins in the field, holding some twelve hundred bushels each. They cost $60 each, well floored and roofed, and will last five or six years. Iran my grain direct from the thresher into these and kept my teans at work on the land.

“T had an economy cleaner on. my thresher, which screened out from three to five per cent. small wheat. This I re-cleaned and took to the mill and sold it at 75 cents per bushel. I then bagged up the remainder of these screenings and took them to the mill and sold it for chop feed at 60 cents per bushel; so that I marketed every pound that came through the thresher. I erected on the farm a set. of modern scales and weighed every pound of grain leaving the farm. I oaded my grain during the winter over the loading platform, and the weights all held out close enough at Fort William Lo be quite satisfactory. I sent this grain to three different commission firms and every car except one went straight grade with no dockage, and this one was caused hy getting mixed with snow; and every car sold at a premium over track price for the day, ranging half a cent to two and three-quarters cents, averaging about two cents premium,

A RECENT visit to Regina necessi-

Cas of The Elevator Problem

The big producer discussed the situation with the small producer. They arrive at the conclusion that both are in the same punt.

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

SASKATCHEWAN SECTION!

This Section of the Guide is conducted officially for the Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association

y F. W Green, Secretary, Moose Jaw, Sask.

The Neighbor’s Experience

and one cent commission. That

PRESIDENT GATES URGES SUBMISSAL OF PRO- POSALS TO ELEVATOR COMMISSION

The following interesting letter and memorandum has reached us from President Gates, and we think it is of such general interest that we herewith publish it for the benefit of our members:—

: Fillmore, April 9th, 1910. F. W. Green, Esq., Secretary G. G. A.

Dear Sir:—In considering what action should be taken by our Association in respect to the commission of enquiry regarding elevators and other matters concerning the disposition of the grain crop of the province of Saskatchewan, we are in a very different position to that occupied by the Manitoba Association prior to the passing of legislation on the subject by the Manitoba legislature.

We, as an association have not been invited to confer with the government, or even, so far as I am aware, especially asked as an association to submit any proposal or evidence to the commission.

Nevertheless I think it will be generally expected that the executive of our association should prepare and submit to the commission, definite proposals. It is well known what we want and our demands and requests have been repeat- edly stated in general terms, and with more or less explanatory detail.

I am of the opinion that we should reiterate our wishes with all the force at our conimand, and am of the opinion, also, that we should elaborate details a what we consider practicable and satisfactory methods of achieving our ends.

While in the past we have struggled for the principle, and while the ultimate

fixing of details rests necessarily with the legislature, it yet seems to me that the sittings of the commission afford us an opportunity of advantageously placing publicly on record what we deem essential features of any system which may be adopted by the government as the outcome of the report of the commission. We have the opportunity properly used of influencing that report by the sub- mission of carefully considered, reasonable and practical proposals.

Perhaps the best way would be to submit in evidence to the commission, a memorandum which should be the official evidence of the executive, and which memorandum should be drawn up at a meeting of the executive to be held at some convenient time next month. This would give time to collect the latest available statistics as to number of elevators, amount of grain handled, informa- tion re farmers’ elevators, etc. :

Further, that each member of the executive and each member of the asso- ciation be urged by circular to all sub-associations, and by statement in the official organ, to give whatever information is at their disposal to the commission as individuals.

When more is known as to the full scope of the enquiry, the executive should decide what evidence they could offer on other subjects, and take steps to present the same.

In the meantime I have prepared the enclosed memorandum which you might submit to the executive officers for their consideration preliminary to the suggested executive meeting.

This memorandum is not to be considered complete, but merely suggestions of some points upon which we ought to be agreed.

Yours very truly, F, M. GATES.

WHAT WE WANT

Storage and shipping facilities independent of and separate from the buyers

of and dealers in grain, where the identity of the grain may be preserved abso- lutely and without question until the same is sold, if the owner so desires; and where the weight will be correct and be the full weight after cleaning, less a uni- form dockage set by law to provide for shrinkage and handling; and where a method of sampling is followed that will enable the grade to be determined in advance of shipment when necessary; and further that the certificate of the eleva- tor operator with grade attached be such that under the system adopted it shall be recognized as negotiable to the same extent and in the same manner as a bill of lading.

That direct loading from platform and siding into cars be continued as at

resent, ‘ ss That no expropriation clause be incorporated in any act of the legislature establishing or authorizing government ownership and operation of elevators.

That the government at every point where application is made by a sufficient number of farmers to warrant the necessary expenditure, provide either by the erection of new premises or by purchase and alteration of existing privately- owned elevators, the accommodation asked and operate the same.

That the system provide for cleaning grain at point of reception.

That the system be operated by a commission, the form and method of appointment of such commission to be: ,

As it is almost a certainty that any government will demand some form of guarantee from farmers that an elevator when provided at any point shall receive sufficient patronage to ensure that the ordinary charges for elevator service will produce a revenue sufficient to provide operating expenses, up-keep and sinking fund, it would be well to decide what would be reasonable and acceptable to both the government and our members. :

A hard and fast agreement such as was demanded by the Manitoba bill would undoubtedly be unpopular and tend to defeat the success of the measure.

A guarantee of a given quantity of grain in the aggregate by a number of farmers and specified as to be 50 or 60 per cent. of the grain shipped by each of them would probably be more acceptable to the producer and should be perfectly satisfactory to the government. :

Or, that the farmers of a district demanding elevator accommodation of the government, should contribute 25 per cent of the cost of providing the same by subscribing for government bonds, and thus proving their interest In and evidencing to the government that the necessary patronage will be forthcoming.

That provision will be made by the system for handling single loads or quantities less than car lots, and arrangements made whereby the owner of such loads may receive an advance of not less than 65 per cent. (possibly 80 per cent.), of the estimated value, if he so desires.

Ff. W. GREEN,

Now, my neighbor sold his to the elevator here and they charged him one and three-quarter cents operating charge

LLL NCCC OLN CLC

April 20th, 1910

SASKATCHEWAN GRAIN GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION

Honorary PrestpEnt : E. NS HOPKINS - - Moose Jaw PRESIDENT : F.M. GATES - - - Fiuumorp Vick-PRESIDENT : J. A. MURRAY - + WarrEiua SEcCRETARY-TREASURER: FRED. W.GREEN - Moose Jaw

Directors at LARGE:

E, A. Partridge, Sintaluta; George ‘Langley, Maymont; F. W. Green, Moose Jaw; F. C. Tate, Grand Coulee; A. G. Hawkes, Percival; Wm. Noble, Oxbow.

Disrricr Directors : James Robinson, Walpole; J. A. Maharg, Moose Jaw; Charles Dunn- ing, Beaverdale; John Evans, Nutana, Dr. T. Hill, Kinley; Thos. Cochrane, Melfort; Andrew Knox, Colleston; George Boerma, North Battleford.

they bought his wheat at track price less two and three-quarter cents per bushel besides a considerable dockage; so you will see I got practically 4 cents per bushel more than he did, as considerable of mine was sold on 4% cent commission. My teams haul two loads per day the same as his, and put it