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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2022 with funding from Kahle/Austin Foundation
https://archive.org/details/scofieldreferencO000reve
The Scofield Reference Bible
THE
HOLY BIBLE
- CONTAINING THE
OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS
AUTHORIZED VERSION WITH A NEW SYSTEM OF CONNECTED TOPICAL REFER- ENCES TO ALL THE GREATER THEMES OF SCRIPTURE, WITH ANNOTATIONS, REVISED MARGINAL RENDERINGS, SUMMARIES, DEFINITIONS, CHRONOLOGY, AND INDEX TO WHICH ARE ADDED
HELPS AT HARD PLACES, EXPLANATIONS OF SEEMING DISCREPANCIES, AND A NEW SYSTEM OF PARAGRAPHS
EDITED BY
REV. C. Il. SCOFIELD, D.D.
CONSULTING EDITORS:
REV. HENRY G. WESTON, D.D., LL.D., REV. PROF. W. G. MOOREHEAD, D.D., President Crozer Theological Seminary. Prof. in Xenia (U. P.) Theological Seminary. REV. JAMES M. GRAY, D.D., REV. ELMORE HARRIS, D.D., Dean of Moody Bible Institute. President Toronto Bible Institute. REV. WILLIAM J. ERDMAN, D.D., ARNO C. GAEBELEIN, Author “The Gospel of John,” etc., etc. Author “Harmony of Prophetic Word,” etc., etc. REV. ARTHUR T, PIERSON, D.D., REV. WILLIAM L. PETTINGILL, D.D., Author, Editor, Teacher. ‘Author, Editor, Teacher.
NEW AND IMPROVED EDITION
NEW YORK
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON, TORONTO, MELBOURNE AND BOMBAY
Minion 16mo, Black-face type Scofield Facsimile Series No. 1
This edition of the Scofield Reference Bible is facsimile (page for page) with the larger size,
having been reproduced by the photographic process.
Copyright, ror, by OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS AMERICAN BRANCH
Printed in the U.S. A.
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INTRODUCTION. (TO BE READ.)
THIs edition of the Bible had its origin in the increasing conviction of the Editor through thirty years’ study and use of the Scriptures as pastor, teacher, writer, and lecturer upon biblical themes, that all of the many excellent and useful editions of the Word of God left much to be desired. Gradually the elements which must combine to facilitate the study and intelligent use of the Bible became clear to his mind. These he has, with the invaluable collaboration of a wide circle of spiritual and experienced Bible students and teachers, in England and the United States. endeavoured, with what measure of success others must now judge, to embody in the present work. The distinctive features are as follows:
I. It was felt that the old system of references, based solely upon the accident of the English words, was unscientific and often misleading. In the present edition. by a new system of connected topical references, all the greater truths of the divine revelation are so traced through the entire Bible, from the place of first mention to the last, that the reader may for himself follow the gradual unfolding of these, by
- many inspired writers through many ages, to their culmination in Jesus Christ and
the New Testament Scriptures. This method imparts to Bible study an interest and vital reality which are wholly lacking in fragmentary and disconnected study.
II. The last fifty years have witnessed an intensity and breadth of interest in Bible study unprecedented in the history of the Christian Church. Never before have so many reverent, learned, and spiritual men brought to the study of the Scriptures minds so free from merely controversial motive. Anew and vast exegetical and expository literature has been created, inaccessible for bulk, cost, and time to the average reader. The winnowed and attested results of this half-century of Bible study are embodied in the notes, summaries, and definitions of this edition. Exposi- tory novelties, and merely personal views and interpretations, have been rejected.
III. Helps have been provided, available for instant reference, on the very page where help is needed. For example, at every mention of a Hebrew month, weight, coin, or measure, the English equivalent is given in the margin. Obscure and diffi- cult passages, alleged discrepancies or contradictions, and every important type or symbol are elucidated by new references, or made the subject of an explanatory foot- note on the same page.
IV. All of the connected topical lines of reference end in analytic summaries of the whole teaching of Scripture on that subject, thus guarding the reader against hasty generalizations from a few passages or proof texts. The saying that ‘‘any- thing may be proved by the Bible’’ is both true and false—true if isolated passages are used; utterly false if the whole divine revelation is in view.
. The great words of Scripture, as adoption, advocacy, assurance, atonement, church, conversion, death, election, eternal life, eternal punishment, faith, flesh, for- giveness, grace, hell (whether sheol, hades, or Sehenna), imputation, justification, kingdom, propitiation, reconciliation, redemption, repentance, righteousness, salva- tion, sanctification, sin, world (in its four meanings), etc., etc., are defined in simple, non-technical terms. These definitions have been submitted to, and approved by, a very large number of eminent students and teachers of all the evangelical bodies.
Each of the sixty-six books of the Bible is provided with an introduction and analysis, the latter so carried out in the text by appropriate sub-heads as greatly to facilitate the study and comprehension of the book.
VII. The entire Bible has been divided into paragraphs by italicized sub-heads while preserving the chapter and verse division which gives the Authorized Version, among many other superiorities, its unrivalled pre-eminence.
VIII. The remarkable results of the modern study of the Prophets, in recovering to the church not only a clear and coherent harmony of the predictive portions, but also great treasures of ethical truth, are indicated in expository notes. This por- tion of the Bible, nearly one-fourth of the whole, has been closed to the average reader by fanciful and allegorical schemes of interpretation. The method followed gives ready access also to the amazing literary riches of the Prophetical Books.
IX. The greater covenants of God which absolutely condition human life and the divine redemption, and about which the whole Bible gathers, are analyzed, and their relation to each other and to Christ made clear.
X. The Dispensations are distinguished, exhibiting the majestic, progressive order of the divine dealings of God with humanity, ‘“‘the increasing purpose’? which runs through and links together the ages, from the beginning of the life of man to the end _ in eternity. Augustine said: “Distinguish the ages, and the Scriptures harmonize.”
XI. After mature reflection it was determined to use the Authorized Version. None of the many Revisions have commended themselves to the people at large,
The Revised Version, which has now been before the public for twenty-seven years, gives no indication of becoming in any general sense the people’s Bible of the Eng- lish-speaking world. The discovery of the Sinaitic MS. and the labours in the field of textual criticism of such scholars as Griesbach, Lachmann, Tischendorf, Tregelles, Winer, Alford, and Westcott and Hort, have cleared the Greek textus receptus of minor inaccuracies, while confirming in a remarkable degree the general accuracy of the Authorized Version of that text. Such emendations of the text as scholarship demands have been placed in the margins of this edition, which there- fore combines the dignity, the high religious value, the tender associations of the past, the literary beauty and remarkable general accuracy of the Authorized Ver- sion, with the results of the best textual scholarship.
The Editor disclaims originality. Other men have laboured, he has but entered into theif labours. The results of the study of God’s Word by learned and spiritual men, in every division of the church and in every land, during the last fifty years, under the advantage of a perfected text, already form a vast literature, inaccessible to most Christian workers. The Editor has proposed to himself the modest if laborious task of summarizing, arranging, and condensing this mass of material.
That he has been able to accomplish this task at all is due in very large measure to the valuable suggestions and co-operation of the Consulting Editors, who have freely given of their time and the treasures of their scholarship to this work. It is due to them to say that the Editor alone is responsible for the final form of notes and definitions. The Editor’s acknowledgments are also due to a very wide circle of learned and spiritual brethren in Europe and America to whose labours he is indebted for suggestions of inestimable value. It may not be invidious to mention among these Professor James Barrellet, of the Theological Faculty of Lausanne, Professors Sayce and Margoliouth, of Oxford, Mr. Walter Scott, the eminent Bible teacher, and Professor C. R. Erdman, of Princeton.
Finally, grateful thanks are due to those whose generous material assistance has made possible the preparation of a work involving years of time, and repeated journeys to the centres of biblical learning abroad.
The completed work is now dedicated to the service amongst men of that Loving and Holy God, whose marvellous grace in Christ Jesus it seeks to exalt.
jai. 1909. C. I. SCOFIELD.
PREFACE TO THE PRESENT EDITION.
The very large demand for the Scofield Reference Bible in every part of the world, and the consequent large and repeated printings, have made it necessary to reset the entire Bible in new type that the high standard of the Oxford University Press may be maintained, and the public furnished with this Bible in the highest form of the printer’s art. To the attainment of this high purpose no labour of Editor or publishers has been counted too great.
The Scofield Reference Bible has now been nearly eight years in the hands of the Christian public. The editor would be more, or less, than human if he were not profoundly grateful, not only, nor chiefly, for the large sale accorded to it, but rather for the assurances which have reached him from every part of the earth of blessing through its: use. ;
That this testimony has come in part from great biblical scholars has been most gratifying, but it has been an especial cause of gratitude to know that the plain people of God in their homes, and far away missionaries in heathen lands have been helped to a clearer and more spiritual apprehension of the Word of God.
But the very warmth of this welcome given to his labours has made the Editor solicitous that in any new typing of it he might find his opportunity to add, here and there, such further help as experience has shown to be desirable. This he has endeavoured, here to do. The Panoramic View of the whole Bible will, it is believed, show the unity of the Book—a fact in danger of failing to be perceived in face of the other and more evident fact that it is made up of many books.
_ Chronological data have also been supplied; and, on the mechanical side, more distinct type; large type in the reference columns; and the substitution of Arabic for Roman numerals will be noted as distinct improvements.
The Editor is especially grateful to the many eminent and spiritually minded brethren who have aided him by suggestions and counsel, and to those whose most Christian liberality has ‘made such a work possible. He is sure that they, not less emphatically than himself, in again putting forth this testimony to Him whom having not seen we love, will say: “Yet not I, but the grace of God which was with
me. “Greyshingles,” Douglaston, L. 1, Jan. 1,'1917, C. I. SCOFIELD.
A PANORAMIC VIEW OF THE BIBLE.
The Bible, incomparably the most widely circulated of books, at once pro and baffles study. Even the non-believer in its authority rightly feels ie = unintelligent to remain in almost total ignorance of the most famous and ancient
_ of books. No barrier of language now exists, for the Bible has been translated into practically all languages and dialects. And yet most, even of sincere believers soon retire from any serious effort to master the content of the sacred writings. The reason is not far to seek. It is found in the fact that no particular portion of Scripture is to be intelligently comprehended apart from some conception of its place in the whole. For the Bible story and message is like a picture wrought out in mosaics: each book, chapter, verse, and even word forms a necessary part, and has its own appointed place. It is, therefore, indispensable to any interesting and fruitful study of the Bible that a general knowledge of it be gained.
; First. The Bible is one book. Seven great marks attest this unity. (1)
' From Genesis the Bible bears witness to one God. Wherever he speaks or acts he is consistent with himself, and with the total revelation concerning him. (2) The Bible forms one continuous story-—the story of humanity in relation to God. (3) The Bible hazards the most unlikely predictions concerning the future, and, when the centuries have brought round the appointed time, records their fulfilment. (4) The Bible is a progressive unfolding of truth. Nothing is told all at once, and once for all. The law is, “first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn.” Without the possibility of collusion, often with centuries between, one writer of Scripture takes up an earlier revelation, adds to it, lays down the pen, and in due time another man moved by the Holy Spirit, and another, and another, add new details till the whole is complete. (5) From beginning to end the Bible testifies to one redemption. (6) From beginning to end the Bibie has one great theme—
* the person and work of the Christ. (7) And, finally, these writers, some forty-four in number, writing through twenty centuries, have produced a perfect harmony of doctrine in progressive unfolding. «This is, to every candid mind, the unanswer- able proof of the Divine inspiration of the Bible.
Second, The Bible is a book of books. Sixty-six books make up the one Book. Considered with reference to the unity of the one book the separate books may be regarded as chapters. But that is but one side of the truth, for each of the sixty-six books is complete in itself, and has its own theme and analysis. In the present edition of the Bible these are fully shown in the introductions and di- visions. It is therefore of the utmost moment that the books be studied in the
light of their distinctive themes. Genesis, for instance, is the book of beginnings —the seed-plot of the whole Bible. Matthew is the book of the King, &c Third. The books of the Bible fall into groups. Speaking broadly there are ve great divisions in the Scriptures, and these may be conveniently fixed in the memory by five key-words, Christ being the one theme (Luke 24. 25-27):
PREPARATION. MANIFESTATION. PROPAGATION.
The O. T. The Gospels. The Acts. ay EXPLANATION. ,CONSUMMATION. ’ The Epistles. The Apocalypse.
In other words, the Old Testament is the preparation for Christ; in the Gospels he is manifested to the world; in the Acts he is preached and his Gospel is propa- gated in the world; in the Epistles his Gospel is exp/ained; and in the Revelation all the purposes of God in and through Christ are consummated. And these groups of buoks in turn fall into groups. This is especially true of the Old Testa- ment, which is in four well defined groups. Over these may be written, as memory aids:
REDEMPTION. ORGANIZATION. POETRY. SERMONS. Genesis _ Joshua Job Isaiah Jonah Exodus Judges Psalms Jeremiah Micah Leviticus Ruth Proverbs Ezekiel Nahum Numbers I, If Sar. Ecclesiastes Daniel Habakkuk Deuteronomy I, II Kings Song of Solomon Hosea Zephaniah
I, II Chronicles Lamentations Joel Haggai Ezra Amos Zechariah Nehemiah Obadiah Malachi
Esther
Again care should be taken not to overlook, in these general groupings, the dis- tinctive messages of the several books composing them. Thus, while redemption is the Seneral theme of the Pentateuch, telling as it does the story of the redemption of Israel out of bondage and into “a good land and large,” each of the five books has its own distinctive part in the whole. Genesis is the book of beginnings, and explains the origin of Israel. Exodus tells the story of the deliverance of Israel; Leviticus of the worship of Israel as a delivered people; Numbers the wanderings and failures of the delivered people, and Deuteronomy warns and instructs that people in view of their approaching entrance upon their inheritance. Da
The Poetical books record the spiritual experiences of the redeemed people in the varied scenes and events through which the providence of God led them. The prophets were inspired preachers, and the prophetical books consist of sermons with brief connecting and explanatory passages. Two prophetical books, Ezekiel and Daniel, have a different character and are apocalyptic, largely. ! j
Fourth. The Bible tells the Human Story. Beginning, logically, with the creation of the earth and of man, the story of the race sprung from the first human pair continues through the first eleven chapters of Genesis. With the twelfth chap- ter begins the history of Abraham and of the nation of which Abraham was the ancestor. It is that nation, Israel, with which the Bible narrative is thereafter chiefly concerned from the eleventh chapter of Genesis to the second chapter of the Acts of the Apostles. The Gentiles are mentioned, but only in connection with {srael. But it is made increasingly clear that Israel so fills the scene only because entrusted with the accomplishment of great world-wide purposes (Deut. 7. 7).
The appointed mission of Israel was, (1) to be a witness to the unity of God in the midst of universal idolatry (Deut. 6. 4; Isa. 43. 10); (2) to illustrate to the nations the greater _blessedness of serving the one true God (Deut. 33. 26-29; 1 Chron. 17. 20, 21; Psa. 102. 15); (3) to receive and preserve the Divine revelation (Rom. 3.1.2): and (4) to produce the Messiah, earth’s Saviour and Lord (Rom. 9. 4) The prophets foretell a glorious future for Israel under the reign of Christ.
The biblical story of Israel, past, present, and future, falls into seven distinct periods: (1) From the call of Abram (Gen. 12) to the Exodus (Ex. 1-20); (2) From the Exodus to the death of Joshua (Ex. 21 to Josh. 24); (3) from the death of Joshua to the establishment of the Hebrew monarchy under Saul; (4) the period of the kings from Saul to the Captivities; (5) the period of the Captivities; (6) the restored commonwealth from the end of the Babylonian captivity of Judah, to the destruction of Jerusalem, A.D. 70; (7) the present dispersion.
The Gospels record the appearance in human history and within the Hebrew nation of the promised Messiah, Jesus Christ, and tell the wonderful story of his manifestation to Israel, his rejection by that people, his crucifixion, resurrection, and _ ascension.
The Acts of the Apostles record the descent of the Holy Spirit, and the beginning of a new thing in human history, the Church. The division of the race now becomes threefold—the Jew, the Gentile, and the Church of God. Just as Israel is in the foreground from the call of Abram to the resurrection of Christ, so now the Church fills the scene from the second chapter of the Acts to the fourth chapter of the Reve- lation. The remaining chapters of that book complete the story of humanity and the final triumph of Christ.
Fifth. The Central Theme of the Bible is Christ. It is this manifestation of Jesus Christ, his Person as ‘‘God manifest in the flesh” (1 Tim. 3. 16), his sacrificial death, and his resurrection, which constitute the Gospel. Unto this all preceding Scripture leads, from this all following Scripture proceeds. The Gospel is preached in the Acts and explained in the Epistles. Christ, Son of God, Son of man, Son of Abraham, Son of David, thus binds the many books into one Book. Seed of the woman (Gen. 3. 15) he is the ultimate destroyer of Satan and his works; Seed of Abraham he is the world blesser; Seed of David he is Israel’s King, ‘‘Desire of all Nations.” Exalted to the right hand of God he is ‘“‘head over all to the Church, which is his body,” while to Israel and the nations the promise of his return forms the one and only rational expectation that humanity will yet fulfil itself. Mean- while the Church looks momentarily for the fulfilment of his special promise: ‘‘I will come again and receive you unto myself” (John 14.1-3). To him the Holy Spirit throughout this Gospel age bears testimony. The last book of all, the Consumma- tion book, is “The Revelation of Jesus Christ” (Rev. 1. 1).
THE NAMES AND ORDER
OF ALL THE BOOKS OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT
WITH THE NUMBER OF THEIR CHAPTERS.
THE BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT.
PAGE CHAPS, PAGE CSIC NCS ESO iste: se as sb D> aisiuhss ,O Oveess Eucclesiastes| akheuteine,c¢ 696 Exodus. ...... 71 -.. 40 SongofSolomon. . . 705 Leviticus SOU Pn T26 eee 27 Isaiah 1211.. eee 713 Numbers Gas Pes A serk* co. © 165 ase 36 Jeremiah A REA an 772 es Bee ir tina oe a abba fA Lamentations . ... 834 Bagot i. ger) Bake 840 te ee et EGA i ea paar rere oF We SAMUel: oe haces, 319 Faetrerks, (OL Hosea 2 vss 2 se 921 II.Samud ..... 9558). 24 is IIe Ne ee ae 930 iD Kings? ey. BRS 4, Up a) 2 ATOR | (ole) Fre 934 iiiKings sa. 421... 25 Obadiah ...... 941 I. Chronicles! .... 456 ...29 Jonah ....... 943 TE) Chronicles. 490. 1. 36 © Micah. we. ye te 946 ZraM toys 5 lan ete Pen ey KN) ee elation AS on 952 Mehemiahnt iis 2541io.-s. 13), Blabakkuk voy 955 BBESSEHEL Uh, hued! sisiele vit ies 55 Share otal? Zephaniah a./9) +5 atc aie 9509 ODA Rife biceps bes 5607 Sat a 42g athageaiye 6 oth © he 962 Besalensi ad eer Wsiits 0s 599 150 9aj Zechariahywts | ..yo) 965 IBTOVELDS mriizeite lis Ls) vo 672 i 3k Malachi. Yo. ..ianae 980
THE BOOKS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.
PAGE CHAPS. PAGE
NPAT REDE Ma tcenut903.2 ear, 004 98101. Timothy, 3 .ioau!aly. 1274
IVE ATIG sete y's 45) Vip he tap 1045:, Se. o) 16 Te. Timothy. oecevae ee 1279
ag Mewes ty cael a Tituginh anole hee 1283 coh aN puke ee MRPs Salachs :
Philemon. 22 28 1286
BUG VACtS fie 21 Seis fo) 0) a VIAT ncn sa 28 pe lehie Hobrewla) moaetpaes
the R URE TON a e168 : pee ore ; Pretest at . 16 Epistle of James . . . 1306
IE Corinthians . ...:1230....13 1:Peterr.. +--+... 1311 Gralatians: 9)... 30/6 « 10at ar se LV GEL, Peter: 5. a bia conte 1317 Ephesians. ..... 1249 6 John... .... 1321 Philippians... . . 1257... 4—UsJohn’.. 4... 1326 EColossianS «a +s 1260 perme eek Le JOM yrs: poyte Mee a 1327 I. Thessalonians . . . 1267 5 Tucows we atl, eames 1328 II. Thessalonians . . 1271 3) Revelation —¢)4..4) 911330
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HOW TO USE THE SUBJECT REFERENCES.
THE subject references lead the reader from the first clear mention of a great truth to the last. The first and last references (in parenthesis) are repeated each time, so that wherever a reader comes upon a subject he may recur to the first reference and follow the subject, or turn at once to the Summary at the last reference.
ILLUSTRATION (at Mark 1.1.) t Gospel vs.1, 14.15; Mk 835 (Gen. 12.1-3, Rev. | 14.6) Here Gospel! is the subject; vs. 1, 14, 15 show where it is at that particular place; Mk. 8. 35 is the next reference in the chain, and the references in parenthesis are the first and the last.
THE PENTATEUCH.
THE five books ascribed to Moses have a peculiar place in the structure of the Bible, and an order which is undeniably the order of the experience of the people of God in all ages. Genesis is the book of origins—of the beginning of life, and of ruin through sin. Its first word, ‘In the beginning God,” is in striking contrast with the end, “In a coffin in Egypt.” Exodus is the book of redemption, the first need of a ruined race. Leviticus is the book of worship and communion, the proper exercise of the redeemed. Numbers speaks of the experiences of a pilgrim people, the redeemed passing through a hostile scene to a promised inheritance. Deuter- onomy, retrospective and prospective, is a book of instruction for the redeemed about to enter that inheritanée.
That Babylonian and Assyrian monuments contain records bearing a grotesque resemblance to the majestic account of the creation and of the Flood is true, as . also that these antedate Moses. But this confirms rather than invalidates the inspiration of the Mosaic account. Some tradition of creation and the Flood would inevitably be handed down in the ancient cradle of the race. Such a tradition, following the order of all tradition, would take on grotesque and mythological features, and these abound in the Babylonian records. Of necessity, therefore, the first task of inspiration would be to supplant the often absurd and childish tradi- tion with a revelation of the true history, and such a history we find in words of matchless grandeur, and in an order which, rightly understood, is absolutely scientific. :
In the Pentateuch,? therefore, we have a true and logical introduction to the entire Bible; and, in type, an epitome of the divine revelation.
a Cf. Mt. 8. 4; 19.8; Mik. 12. 26; Lk. 5. 14; 16. 29-31; John 3. 14;.5. 45, 46; 7. 19.
The abbreviation cf. used throughout the Bible signifies compare,
THE FIRST
CALLED
BOOK OF MOSES
11] GENESIS. [14
GENESIS is the book of beginnings.
It records not only the beginning of the
heavens and the earth, and of plant, animal, and human life, but also of all human institutions and relationships. Typically, it speaks of the new birth, the new crea-
tion, where all was chaos and ruin.
With Genesis begins also that progressive self-revelation of God which culminates
. in Christ. The three primary names of Deity, Elohim, Jehovah, and Adonai, and
the five most important of the compound names, occur in Genesis; and that in an ordered progression which could not be changed without confusion.
The problem of sin as affecting man’s condition in the earth, and his relation to God, and the divine solution of that problem are here in essence. Of the eight great covenants which condition human life and the divine redemption, four, the Edenic, Adamic, Noahic, and Abrahamic Covenants, are in this book; and these are the fun- damental covenants to which the other four, the Mosaic, Palestinian, Davidic, and New Covenants, are related chiefly as adding detail or development.
Genesis enters into the very structure of the New Testament, in which it is quoted
above sixty times in seventeen books.
In a profound sense, therefore, the roots of
all subsequent revelation are planted deep in Genesis, and whoever would truly comprehend that revelation must begin here. The inspiration of Genesis and its character as a divine revelation are authenti- cated by the testimony of history, and by the testimony of Christ (Mt. 19. 4-6; 24.-37-39; Mk. 10. 4-9; Lk. 11. 49-51; 17. 26-29, 32; John 1. 5; 7. 21-23; 8. 44, 56). Genesis is in five chief divisions: I. Creation (1. 1-2. 25). II. The Fall and Re- demption (3.1-4.7). III. The Diverse Seeds, Cain and Seth, to the Flood (4. s—7. 24).
IV. The Flood to Babel (8. 1-11. 9).
Joseph (11. 10-50. 26).
V. From the cail of Abram to the death of
The events recorded in Genesis cover a period of 2,315 years (Ussher).
CHAPTER i. The original creation.
the “beginning 14God 2created the heaven and the earth.
Earth made waste and empty by z
judgment (Jer. 4. 23-26). 2 And the earth was 3without
c Holy Spirit.
en.6.3. (Gen.1.2; Mal.2.15.)
d Job 26.13.
form, and void; and darkness was| Psa.104.30.
upon the face of the deep. And ‘the ¢Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.
The new beginning—the first day: light diffused.
3 And God said, Let there be 4light: and there was light. 4 And God saw the light, that it
1 Elohim (sometimes E/ or Elah, English form ‘‘God,” the first of the three pri- mary names of Deity, is a uni-plural noun formed from £/= strength, or the strong one, and Alah, to swear, to bind oneself by an oath, so implying faithfulness. This uni-plurality implied in the name is directly asserted in Gen. 1. 26 (plurality), 27 (unity); see also Gen. 3. 22. Thus the Trinity is latent in Elohim. As meaning primarily the Strong One it is fitly used in the first chapter of Genesis. Used in the O. T, about 2500 times. See also Gen. 2. 4, note; 2. 7; 14. 18, note; 15, 2, note;
17. 1, note; 21. 33, note; 1 Sam. 1.
3, note.
, 2 But three creative acts of God are recorded in this chapter: (1) the heavens and the earth, v. 1; (2) animal life, v. 21; and (3) human life, vs. 26, 27. The first crea- tive act refers to the dateless past, and gives scope for all the geologic ages. 3 Jer. 4. 23-26, Isa‘ 24. 1 and 45. 18, clearly indicate that the earth had undergone acataclysmic change as the result of a divine judgment. The face of the earth bears everywhere the marks of such a catastrophe.
There are not wanting intimations
which connect it with a previous testing and fall of angels. See Ezk. 28. 12-15 and
Isa. 14. 9-14, which certainly go beyond the kings of Tyre and Babylon, F 4 Neither here nor in verses 14-18 is an original creative act implied. A different word is used. The sense is, made to appear; made visible. The sun and moon were
created “in the beginning.” The “light” of course came from the sun, but the
vapour diffused the light. Later the sun appeared in an unclouded sky.
3
15] GENESIS. [1 20 was good: and God divided the! B.c. 4004. | 12 Andtheearth brought forth grass,
light from the darkness. and herb yielding seed after his
5 And God called the light 1Day, kind, and the tree yielding fruit, and the darkness he called Night. whose seed was in itself, after his And the “evening and the morning kind: anid God saw that /t was good. were the first day- _13 And the evening and the morn- The second nen aieeat above,|, rit expanse pa pene: ie fos Perk an»
t . i.e.of €1o : Sy
G0 hnd oy Bek ree hererpele ap id NS and stars become visible. ” “firmament in the midst. of the| pour above. |. 14 And God saiti, Let there belights es cet gavide sheiates b jeeb Seah aa divide the day from the nists and
7 And God made the firmament, *llet them be for signs, and for sea- ‘and divided thaletars which were “feaven” sons, and for days, and years: _ under the firmament from the} fhe | 15 And let them be for lights in waters which were above the fir-| 7.11; 8.2. the firmament of the heaven to give ,Mament:. and it was so. light upon the earth: and it was so.
8 And God called the *firmament|‘ Ps#-1365-9. | 16 And God ¢made two great Heaven. And the evening and thelg The wora _ lights; the 4greater light to rule the
morning were the second day. coe ime eh a the lee to Be the ° 5 4 i night: he made the stars . 7m tl gee | el alc
9 And God said, Let the waters) function haan the caete coy a ete the ams Th ee ee ries 18 And to rule-over the day and gether unto one p ace, and let the iO . aivide th dry Jand appear: and it was so. . “Foaven’® of Heht perce Ps) | aad God
10 And God called the dry land} the stars; hat it dod Earth; and the gathering together $e Genk mt od ec gC gatid teehee ra ve Werste ee he ee and) 1.23.43. ing were the Foe day:
11 eel God. uae Let thevearth The fifth day: thesecondcreative 3bring forth grass, the herb yielding act—animal lif e. (See Gen. 2. 19.) seed, and the fruit tree yielding 20 And God said, Let the waters fruit after his kind, whose seed isin bring forth abundantly the moving itself, upon the earth: and it was so. creature that hath life, and fowl
1 The word “‘day” is used in Scripture in three ways: (1) that part of the solar day of twenty-four hours which is light (Gen. 1. s, 14; John 9. 4; 11. 9); (2) sucha day, set apart for some distinctive purpose, as, “day of atonement” (Lev. 23. 27); “day of judgment” (Mt. 10. 15); (3) a period of time, long or short, during which certain revealed purposes of God are to be accomplished, as “day of the Lorb.”
2 The use of “evening” and ‘‘morning’’ may be held to limit ‘‘day” to the solar day; but the frequent parabolic use of natural phenomena may warrant the conclusion Si each creative ‘day’ was a period of time marked off by a beginning and ending.
3 It is by no means necessary to suppose that the life-germ of seeds perished in the catastrophic judgment which overthrew the primitive order. With the restoration of dry land and light the earth would “bring forth” as described. It was animal life which perished, the traces of which remain as fossils, Relegate fossils to the primitive creation, and no conflict of science with the Genesis cosmogony remains.
4 The “greater light” is a type of Christ, the “Sun of righteousness” (Mal. 4. 2). He will take this character at His second advent. Morally the world is now in the state between Gen. 1. 3 and 1. 16 (Eph. 6. 12; Acts 26. 18; 1 Pet, 2.9), The sun is not seen, but there is light. Christ is that light (John 1. 4, 5, 9), but “shineth in darkness,”’ comprehended only by faith. As ‘Sun of righteousness” He will dispel all darkness. Dispensationally the Church is in place as the “lesser light,” the moon, reflecting tHe light of the unseen sun. The stars (Gen, 1. 16) are individual believers who are “lights” (Phil. 2. 15, 16). See John 1. s.
(A type is a divinely purposed illustration of some truth, It may be: (1) a person ae 5. 14); (2) an event (1 Cor. 10. 11); (3) a thing (Heb. 10. 20); (4) an institution
Heb. 9. 11); (S) a ceremonial (1 Cor. 5.7). Types occur most frequently in the Pen- tateuch, but are found, more sparingly, elsewhere. The antitype, or fulfilment of the type, is found, usually, in the New Testament.)
4
1 21]
GENESIS.
[1 28
a ll ee lee EL
that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.
21 And God created great whales, and every living creature that mov- eth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, -after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind: and God saw that it was good.
22 And God blessed them, saying, Be fruitful, and multiply; and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the-earth.
_23 And the evening and the morn- ing were the fifth day.
The sixth day: (1) the fecundity of the earth after the creative work of the fifth day.
24 And God said, Let the earth bring forth the living 2creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping thing, and beast of ‘the earth after his kind: and it was so.
25 And God made the beast of the
B.C 4004.
a Gen.11.7.
b Kingdom (O.T.).
cCfhMt.19." 4; Mk.10.6,
d The Eight
Covenants (1, Edenic).
Gen.2.15-17.
(Gen.1.28; Heb.8.10.)
earth after his kind, and cattle after —
their kind,andevery thing that creep- eth upon the earth after his kind: and God saw that it was good.
The sixth day: (2) the creation of man (described Gen. 2. 7, 21-23).
26 And God said, Let *us make
an in our image, after our like- ness: and let them have ’dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.
27 So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; ‘male and female created he them.
The First 4Dispensation: Inno- cency (Gen. 1. 28-3, 13). The First, or Edenic Covenant: con- ditioned the life of unfallen man. (Add Gen. 2. 8-17.)
28 5And God blessed them, and God 4said unto them, ®Be fruitful,
_ 1 The second clause, “every living creature,” as distinguished from fishes merely, is taken up again in verse 24, showing that in the second creative act all animal
life is included.
2“Creature,” Heb. nephesh, trans. soul in 2.7 and usually. Initself nephesh, or soul, implies self-conscious life, as distinguished from plants, which haveunconsciouslife.
In the sense of self-conscious life animals also have ‘‘soul.”’ Gen. 1. 26, 27, gives the general, Gen. 2. 7, 21-23, the particular, The revealed facts are:
Man was created, not evolved. This is (a) expressly declared, and the
3 Man, me of the creation of man. 1)
See verses 26, 27, note,
declaration is confirmed by Christ (Mt. 19. 4; Mk. 10. 6); (b) ‘‘an enormous gulf, a divergence practically infinite’? (Huxley) between the lowest man and the highest beast, confirms it; (c) the highest beast has no trace of God-consciousness—the religious nature; (d) science and discovery have done nothing to bridge that “‘gulf.’’,
(2) T
found chiefly in man’s tri-unity, and in his moral nature. 3 “Spirit”? is that part of man which “‘knows’”’ (1 Cor.
and body” (1 Thes. 5. 23).
hat man was made in the “‘image and likeness” of God. This ‘image’ is
Man is “spirit and soul
_2.11), and which allies him to the spiritual creation and gives him God-consciousness. “Soul” in itself implies self-conscious life, as distinguished from plants, which have
unconscious life.
In that sensé animals also have “soul” (Gen. 1. 24). “soul” of man has a vaster content than {‘soul’’ as applied to beast life. seat of his emotions, desires, affections (Psa. 42. 1-6).
ture usage, nearly synonymous with sfsoulsc z é teristically, the soulual or psychical man, “‘soul’’ is often used as synonymous with
the individual, e. g. Gen. 12. 5.
But the It is the The “heart” is, in Scrip- Because the natural man is, charac-
The body, separable from spirit and soul, and sus-
ceptible to death, is nevertheless an integral part of man, as the resurrection shows
(John 5. 28, 29; 1 Cor. 15. 47-50; Rev. 20. 11-13).
It is the seat of the senses (the
‘means by which the spirit and soul have world-consciousness) and of the fallen
Adamic nature (Rom. 7. 23, 24).
4 A dispensation is a period of time during which man is tested in respect of obe- dience to some specific revelation of the will of God, Seven such dispensations are,
distinguished in Scripture.
“sequence of disobedience. (1 Tim. 2. 14).
ended in the judgment _of the Expulsion (Gen. 3. 24).
See note 5. Phtel ! 5 The First Dispensation: Innocency. Man was created in innocency, placed in a “perfect environment, subjected to an absolutely simple test, and warned of the con- The woman fell through pride; the man, deliberately God restored His sinning creatures, but the dispensation of innocency
See, for the other dispen-
sations: Conscience (Gen. 3. 23); Human Government (Gen. 8. 20); Promise (Gen. 12. 1); Law (Ex. 19.8); Grace (John 1. 17); Kingdom (Eph. 1. 10). ' 6 The Edenic Covenant, the first of the eight great covenants of Scripture which
5
1 29] GENESIS. [24
CHAPTER 2. ae The sabbath rest of God: type of the believer’s rest in the fin--
and multiply, and replenish the
earth, and subdue it: and have do-
minion over the fish of the sea, and i
over the fowl of the air, and over ished work of redemptiori
every ee pane that moveth (Heb. 3.-4).
Py te a a Cf.Heb.4.4. th h 29 And God said, Behold, I have CTs ee ak Pah ie eA
i 7 i b Sabbath. given you every herb bearing seed, Be eras, lof therit.
which is upon the face of all the! Gu.23, ; earth, and every “tree, an the| clei) 2 Andon the seventh dav God wich a. ag ica’ Bee cSanctify, - |jand he, “rested on the.seventh day — meat) 10 YOU Mt shall be for" holy O-1). |from all his work which hehadmade. 30 And to .every beast of ‘the! (Gen.2.3; 3 And God pes the ee earth, and to every fowl of the air,| 7°h®-3-) Bey, ae oae pea fied “All his and Boe Cly, aoe. that creeped d poy te 5 orks. which Ged created and made. Anmames of). 5
life, 7 Fee ec oh cey eee en we Summary of the creation work for meat: and it was so. “1; Mal.3.18 of Chapter 1
31 And God saw every thing that! 4 These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the 2dLorD God made the earth and day. : the heavens,
condition life and salvation, and about which all Scripture crystallizes, has seven elements. The man and woman in Eden were responsible:
(1) To replenish the earth with a new order—man; (2) to subdue the earth to human uses; (3) to have dominion over the animal creation; (4) to eat herbs and fruits;_(5) to till and keep the garden; (6) to abstain from eating of the tree of knowledge of good and evil; (7) the penalty—death. See, for the other seven covenants: Adamic (Gen. 3. 15); Noahic (Gen. 9. 1); Abrahamic (Gen. 15. 18); a's ite 19. 25); Palestinian (Deut. 30. 3); Davidic (2 Sam. 7. 16); New
eb. 8. 8).
1In the O. T. the same Hebrew word (qodesh) is trans. sanctify, consecrate, dedi- cate, and holy. It means, set apatt for the service of God. See refs. following “Sanctify,” Gen. 2. 3. me
2Lorp (Heb. Jehovah).
(1) The primary -meaning of the name LorD (Jehovah) is ‘the self-existent One.” Literally (as in Ex. 3. 14), “He that is who He is, therefore the eternal I AM.” But Havah, from which Jehovah, or Yahwe, is formed, signifies also ‘‘to become,” that is, to become known, thus pointing to a continuous and increasing self-revelation. Combining these meanings of Havah, we arrive at the meaning of the name Jehovah, He is “the self-existent One who reveals Himself.” The name is, in itself, an advance upon the name “God” (EJ, Elah, Elohim), which sug- gests certain attributes of Deity, as strength, etc., rather than His essential being.
(2) It is significant that the first appearance of the name Jehovah in Scripture follows the creation of man. It was God (Elohim) who ‘said, “Let us make man in our image” (Gen..1. 26); but when man, as in the second chapter of Genesis, is to fill the scene and become dominant over creation, it is the LorD God (Jehovah Elohim) who acts. This clearly indicates a special relation of Deity. in His Jehovah character, to man, and all Scripture emphasizes this.
(3) Jehovah is distinctly the redemption name of Deity. When sin ener and redemption became necessary, it was Jehovah Elohim who sought the sinnin ones (Gen, 3. 9-13) and clothed them with “‘coats of skins” (Gen. 3. 21), a beautifi type of a Tighteousness provided by the Lorp God through ’sacrifice (Rom. 3. 21, 22) The first distinct revelation of Himself by His name Jehovah was in connectior with the redemption of the covenant people out of Egypt (Ex. 3. 13-17).
As Redeemer, emphasis is laid upon those attributes of Jehovah which the si and salvation of man bring into exercise. These are: (a) His holiness (Lev: 11. 44, 45; 19. 1, 2; 20. 26; Hab. 1. 12, 13): (6) His hatred and judgment of sin (Deut, 32- 35-42; Gen. 6. 5-7; Psa. 11. 4-6; 66. 18; Ex. 34. 6, ); (c) His love for and redemp- tion of sinners, but always righteously (Gen. 3. 21; 8. 20, 21; Ex. 12. 12, 13: Lev.
16. 2, 3; Isa. 53. 5, 6, 10). Salvation by Jehovah apart from sacrifice is unknown to Scripture. 6.
25] GENESIS. [2 17
5 And every plant of the field be-' B.c. 4004. | 10 And a river went out of Eden
fore it was inthe earth, and every) to water the garden; and from herb of the field before it grew: for thence it was parted, and became the Lorp God had not caused it to into four heads. rain upon the earth, and there was 11 The name of the first fs Pison: not a man to till the ground. ° la1 Cor.15.45; [that 18 it which compasseth the 6 But there went up a mist from} Mt.19.4; whole land of Havilah, where there the earth, and watered the whole) M&10.6. is gold; face of the ground. bThe Eight | 12 And the gold of that land is The creative act of Gen. 1. 27 Ceae. ne St is bdellium and the described. Gen3-14-. | 13° And the name of the second
7 And the Lorp God ¢formed| febaio} [river is Gihon: the same is it that as oo the er of ae aie Bad Or, Adam. |cOmMpasseth the whole land of Ethi- -breat into his nostrils the brea 2 * fopia. of life; and man became a 4living/d Cf.Rom.5. 14 And the name of the third river soul. pk re is i ates that “y # which goeth hetats 1 ies towar e east of Assyria. And The habitation of unfallen ¢ Death (spir- |the fourth river is Euphrates. man, and the Edenic Cove-|* ii2n Mts. 15bAnd the Lore God tock the nant... (Add Gen. 1./28-30.) rr Benes) ‘man, and put him into the garden 8 And the Lorp God planted al ~*~ ~~” ‘Jof Eden to dress it and to keep it. garden eastward inBdens'and there|f Hiddekel= | 16 And the Lorp God Goat he put theman whom hehad formed.) Spesotcem’ |manded the man, saying, Of every 9 And out of the ground made the! tree of the garden thou mayest
Lorp God to grow every tree that! freely eat:
is pleasant to the sight, and good 17 But of the tree of the knowledge for food; the tree of life also in the of good and evil, thou shalt not eat ‘midst of the garden, and the tree of, of it: ¢for in the «day that thou eat- knowledge of good and evil. est thereof thou shalt surely die.
(4) In His redemptive relation to man, Jehovah has seven compound names which reveal Him as meeting every need of man from his lost state to the end. These compound names are: (a) Jehovah-jireh, “the Lorp will provide’’ (Gen.
22. 13, 14), 1. e. will provide a sacrifice; (b) Jehovah-rapha, “the Lorp that heal- eth”? (Ex. 15. 26). That this refers to physical healing the context shows, but the deeper healing of soul malady is implied. (c) fehovah-nissi, “the LORD our ban- ner’ (Ex. 17. 8-15). The name is interpreted by the context. The enemy was
_Amalek, a type of the flesh, and the conflict that day stands for the conflict of Gal. 5. 17—the war of the Spirit against the flesh. Victory was’wholly due to divine help. (d) Jehovah-Shalom, “the Lorp our peace,’’ or “the LORD send_peace”’ (Jud. 6. 24). Almost the whole ministry of Jehovah finds expression and illustra-
tion in that chapter. Jehovah hates and judges sin (vs. Diy Jehovah loves and saves sinners (vs. 7-18), but only through sacrifice (vs. 19-21) (see also Rom. 5. 1;
Eph. 2. 14; Col. 1. 20). (e) Jehovah-ra-ah, “the LoRD my shepherd” (Psa. 23.). In Psa. 22. Jehovah makes peace by the blood of the cross; in Psa. 23. Jehovah is shepherding His own who are in the world (John. 10. 7, note). (f) Jehovah-
‘tsidkenu, “the Lorp our righteousness” (Jer. 23. 6). This name of Jehovah occurs in 4 prophecy concerning the future restoration and conversion of Israel. Then Israel will hail Him as Jehovah-tsidkenu—“the Lorp our righteousness.” (g) Jehovah-shammah, “the Lorp is present” (Ezk. 48.35). This name signifies Jehovah’s abiding presence with His people (see Ex. 33. 14, 15; 1 Chr. 16. 27, 33;
sa. 16. 11; 97. 5; Mt. 28. 20; Heb. 13.5). , p :
(5) Lorp (Jehovah) is also the distinctive name of Deity as in covenant with Israel (Ex. 19. 3; 20. 1, 2; Jer. 31. 31-34).
(6) Lorp God (Heb. Jehovah pote) is the first of the compound names f Deity. Lorp God is used distinctively: (1) of the relation of Deity to man & as Creator (Gen.' 2. 7-15); (b) as morally in authorit over man (Gen. 2. 16, 17); (c) as
eating and governing the earthly relationships of man (Gen. 2. 18-24; 3. 16-19, 22-24); and (d) as redeeming man (Gen. 3. 8-15, 21); (2) of the relation of Deity to Israel (Gen. 24. 7; 28. 13; Ex. 3. 15, 18; 4. 5;°S. 1; 7. 6, etc.; Deut. 1. 11, 21; 4. 1; 6. 3; 12. 1, etc.; Josh. 7. 13, 19, 20; 10. 40, 42; Jud. 2. 12; 1 Sam. 2. 30; 1 Ki. 1, 48; 2 Ki. 9. 6; 10. 31; 1 Chr. 22. 19; 2 Chr. 1.9; Ezra 1. 3; Isa. 21.17). See other names of Deity, Gen. 1. 1, note; 2. 4, note; 14. 18, note; 15. 2, note; 17. 1, note; 21. 33, note;
1 Sam. 1. 3, note. F
2 18] GENESIS. [3 10
18 And the LorpD God said, Jt is} B.c. 4004. not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him.
19 And out of the ground the Lorp God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to
The temptation of Eve: (2) add- ing to the Word of God.
2 And the woman said unto the
serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden: i
3 But of the fruit of the tree which
1s a i se: ce pe poaghe oe
3 hath said, Ye shall not eat of it,
eeeapet ne woud) pte a neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
ing creature, that was the name The temptation of Eve: (3) the
thereof. first lie (John 8. 44).
20 And Adam gave names to all < ¢ cattle, and to the fowl of the air, 4 And the serpent said unto the and to every beast of the — i but woman, Ye shall not surely die: __ for Adam there was not found an 3
ili The temptation of Eve: (4) the Rete nest for him. appeal to pride (Isa. 14. 12- The method of the creation Of |, Isha, “pen 14). woman (Gen. 1. 27). cause she
21 And the Lorp God caused al out ie a an shin bebarineaet arin 2 deep pal to fall upon Adam, and eh) (Hos. shall be opened, and A shall be as he slept: and he took one of his| -***””" gods, knowing good and evil. ibs, d closed the flesh in-)5 cfMt.19. P ioe prelate Beet eS 531 oris. The temptation of Eve: (5) the
22 And the rib, which the Lorp 16 Eph-o: fall (1 Tim. 2. 14).
God had taken from man, made he th a woman, and brought her unto the|¢ Satan, vs. - 6 And when the woman saw that
: 1,2,4,13,14; |the tree was good for food, and that man. | 1Chr.21.1. it was pleasant to the eyes, and a* Eve, type of the church as bride| {Ge73-1; tree to be desired to make one wise,
of Christ (Eph. 5. 28-32). Rev.20.10.) | she took of the fruit thereof, and did
93 And Adam seid, 1 Tis us mow! sorte. (ecth hes cd bo oa , n. vs. |with her; and he did eat.
flesh: she shall be called «Woman sti, |_2_And the eyes of them both were
because she was taken out of Jas.1.2.)° en naked; and they sewed fig
leaves together, and made them-
an. 24 >Therefore shall a man leave
his father and his mother, and shall Selves) aprons, cleave unto his wife: and they shall The seeking God. His sabbath be one flesh. rest broken; His new work be- 25 And they were both naked, the gun (John 5. 17; 9. 4; 14. 10). man and his wife, and were not ; : ashamed. 8 And they heard the voice of the LorD God walking in the garden CHAPTER 3. in the cool of the day: and Adam + The temptation of Eve: (1) the uae ps ue ne ones front implied doubt of the benev- Saree ere © Pthe camiones tenédiok God. gs e trees of the garden. o 9 And the LorpD God called unto OW the 2‘serpent was more sub- Adam, and said unto him, Where til than any beast of the field art thou? which the Lorp God had made. 10 And he said, I heard thy voice And he said unto the woman, Yea, in the garden, and I was afraid, be- hath God 4said, Ye shall not eat of cause I was naked; and I hid my- every tree of the garden? self.
1 Eve, type of the Church as bride of Christ (John 3. 28, 29; 2 Cor. 11. 2; Eph. 5. 25-32; Rev. 19. 7, 8).
2 The serpent, in his Edenic form, is not to be thought of as a writhing reptile. That is the effect of the curse (Gen. 3.14). The creature which lent itself to Satan may well have been the most beautiful as it was the most “subtle” of creatures less than man, Traces of that beauty remain despite the curse. Every movement of a serpent is graceful, and many species are beautifully coloured. In the serpent, Satan first appeared ‘“‘as an angel of light”? (2 Cor. 11. 14).
on 8
3 11) GENESIS. [3 20
11 And he said, Who told thee that|_B.c. 4004. | 16 Unto the woman he said, I will thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten! The Eight [ereatly multiply thy ¢sorrow and a vaca ark eee pean asin Covenants. ne concep aoe: i _ sorrow eee
ee that thou shouldest not ea en.8.21. ring forth c en; an e-
12 And the man said, The woman] {293i} sire shall be to thy husband, and whom thou gavest to be with me,|s Sacrifice he shall ¢rule over thee. she gave me of the tree, and I did AprePR ot) 17 And unto Adam he said, Be- “Ss And the Lorp God said unto (Ge n3-15; cous z bp ger apy na the the woman, What is this that thou|¢ Christ (hist the eee of Menich I Conca hast done? And the woman said,] Gen 123, |thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of The serpent beguiled me, and I did} (Gen.3.15; |it: cursed is the ground for thy
eat. Othe oe sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it The Second, or Adamic row with thy|all the days of thy life;
BASE conception. | 18 Thorns also and /thistles. shall
eCf.1 Cor.11. lit bring forth to thee; and thou shalt
14 1And the Lorp God “said unto) 3:44-2¢)EPb-/eat the herb of the field; the serpent, Because thou hast done) 18;1Tim.2. | 19 In the sweat of thy face shalt this, thou art cursed above all cat-| 11; Tit.2.5; |thou eat bread, till thou return unto ve and above every beast of the); c¢Romg22. |the ground; for out of it wast thou
os Sh abgang ee oe £0,|¢ Pestirs rapes ie oe thou art, and unto and dust s ou €a € days ysical). |dust s. ou return. of thy life: Gen.5.5.
: : (Gen.3.19;
15. And I will put enmity between] Heb.9.27.) The faith of Adam: thee and the woman, and between h Faith, Gena. aR Ne wis , thy seed and her seed; it shall) #2499537 20 And Adam ‘called his wife’s bruise thy head, and thou shalt} ;i-e. jiving,or |name ‘Eve; because she was the ‘bruise chis heel. life-giver. {mother of all living.
1The Adamic Covenant conditions the life of fallen man—conditions which must remain till, in the kingdom age, ‘‘the creation also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the sons of God” (Rom. 8. 21). The elements of the Adamic Covenant are: : \
(1) The serpent, Satan’s tool, is cursed (v. 14), and becomes God’s illustration ~ in nature of the effects of sin—from the most beautiful and subtle of creatures to a loathsome reptile! The deepest mystery of the atonement is intimated here. Christ, ‘‘made sin for us,’”’ in bearing our judgment, is typified by the brazen ser- pent (Num. 21. 5-9; John 3. 14, 15; 2 Cor. 5. 21). Brass speaks of judgment—in the brazen: altar, of God’s judgment, and in the laver, of self-judgment.
(2) The first promise of a Redeemer (v. 15), Here begins the “highway of the Seed,” Abel, Seth, Noah (Gen. 6. 8-10), Shem (Gen. 9. 26, 27), Abraham (Gen. 12. 1-4), Isaac (Gen. 17. eee Jacob (Gen. 28. 10-14), Judah (Gen. 49. 10), David (2 oy 7. 5-17), Immanuel-Christ (Isa. 7. 9-14; Mt. 1. 1, 20-23; 1 John 3. 8; John 12. 31).
(3) The changed state of the woman (v.16). In three particulars: (a) Multi- plied conception; (b) motherhood linked with sorrow; (c) the headship of the man (cf. Gen. 1. 26, 27). The entrance of sin, which is disorder, makes necessary Pend and it is vested in man (1 Tim. 2. 11-14; Eph. 5. 22-25; 1 Cor. 11. 7-9).
&) The earth cursed (v. 17) for man’s sake. It is better for fallen man to battle with a reluctant earth than to live without toil. 5) The inevitable sorrow of life (v. 17). ( 6 SUE light occupation of Eden (Gen. 2. 15) changed to burdensome labour vs. 18, 19). of
: (7) pees death (v.19; Rom. 5. 12-21). See ‘Death (spiritual)” (Gen. 2. 17; Eph. 2.5, note). - : p __ See for the other covenants: Edenic (Gen. 1. 28); Noahic (Gen. 9. 1); Abrahamic (Gen, 15. 18); Mosaic (Ex. 19. 25); Palestinian (Deut. 30. 3); Davidic (2 Sam. 7. 16); New (Heb. 8. 8). js ; i
2The chain of references which begins here includes the promises.and proph- ecies concerning Christ which were fulfilled in His birth and works at His first advent. See, for line of unfulfilled promises and prophecies: “Christ (second advent)” (Deut. 30. 3; Acts 1. 9, note); “Kingdom” (Gen. 1. 26-28; Zech. 12. 8); coats (N. T.)” (Lk. 1. 31; 1 Cor. 15. 28); ‘Day of the Lord” (Isa. 2. 10; Rev. 19, 11).
9
3 21] GENESIS. {4 6
The response of fehovah Elohim|_B.c. 4003. CHAPTER 4, Salida eh Sie The first sons of Adam and 21 Unto Adam also and to his wife Eve.
did the Lorp God make !coats_ of ND Adan Eee Boe Wate skins, and ¢clothed them. A! and she conceived, and bare The judgment of the Expul-|? Righteous oa aid Seid, 2 nave gOecoae
‘ 5 ness (ar-_ |man “from the LORD. sion ends the First Dispensa-| ment) Job 2 And she again bare his. brother
tion. al; Rew (4Abel. And Abel was a keeper of
PHAN “he Lore God asia! Re | 19.8.) jprere-j Due Cain was a tiller of the the L ; Be- ground.
acted agen deri sanps core P ore wt 3 And in process of time it came
: ; to pass, that Cain brought of the lest he put forth his hand, and cs “Tehoven, _ |fruit of the ground an offering unto also of the tree of life, and eat, an the Lorp.
live for ever: ; d Faith, Gen. | 4 And Abel, he also “brought of 330, Fes |the firstlings of his 5Alock and of the
The Second Dispensation: Con- 1138) \fat thereof. And the Lorp had re- ,
science (Gen. 3. 22-7. 23).
e Sacrifice
‘cal 23 2Therefore the Lorp God sent] G2?s 40. ing he had not respect. And Cain him forth from the garden of Eden, Ye ecu was very wroth, and his counte- to till the ground from whence he nance fell. was taken. a 24 So he drove out the man; and
Cain exhorted even yet to bri he placed at the east of the gar- ; ven yet to bring
in-off : den of Eden 4Cherubims, and a SS ees flaming sword which turned every |. 6 And the Lorb said unto Cain, way, to keep the way of the tree of why art thou wroth? and why is
life. |thy countenance fallen?
1 Coats of skins: Type of “Christ, made unto us righteousness” —a divinely pro- vided garment that the first sinners might be made fit for God’s presence. See Righteousness, Sarment (Gen. 3. 21; Rev. 19, 8).
#The Second Dispensation: Conscience. By disobedience man came to a per- sonal and experimental knowledge of good and evil—of good as obedience, of evil as disobedience to the known will of God. Through that knowledge conscience awoke. Expelled from Eden and placed under the second, or Adamic Covenant, man was responsible to do all known good, to abstain from all known evil, and to approach God through sacrifice. The result of this second testing of man is stated in Gen. 6. 5, and the dispensation ended in the judgment of the Flood. Appar- ently “the east of the garden” (v. 24), where were the cherubims and the flame, remained the place of worship through ‘this second dispensation. See for the other six dispensations: Innocence (Gen. 1. 28); Human Government (Gen. 8. 20); Tiamise (Gen. 12. 1); Law (Ex. 19. 8); Grace (John 1, 17); Kingdom (Eph. 1. 10).
3 Cain (“acquisition”) is a type of the mere man of the earth. His religion was destitute of any adequate sense of sin, or need of atonement. This religious type is described in 2 Pet. 2. Seven things are said of him: (1) he worships in self-will; 2) is angry with God; (3) refuses to bring a sin-offering; (4) murders his brother; 5) lies to God; (6) becomes a vagabond; (7) is, nevertheless, the object of the divine solicitude.
4 Abel (“‘exhalation,” or, “that which ascends”) is a type of the spiritual man. His sacrifice, in which atoning blood was shed (Heb. 9. 22), was therefore at once his confession of sin and the expression of his faith in the interposition of a sub- stitute (Heb. 11. 4),
°Type of Christ, the Lamb of God, the most constant type of the suffering Messiah—“the Lamb of God that taketh away the sin of the world” (John 1. 29). A lamb fitly symbolizes the unresisting innocency and harmlessness of the Lord Jesus (Isa. 53. 7; Lk. 23. 9; Mt. 26. 53, 54). This type is brought into prominence by contrast with Cain’s bloodless offering of the fruit of his own works, and pro- claims, in the very infancy of the race, the primal truth that “without shedding of blood is no remission” (Heb. 9. 22; 11. 4).
10
spect unto Abel and to his ‘offering: | 5 But unto Cain and to his offer- -
are oe.
vad GENESIS. ass
7 If thou doest well, shalt thou! s.c. 3375. |¢mark nm Cain, lest findi not be accepted? and if thou doest|—|him should kill him. not well, !sin lieth at the door. And iets Bs unto thee shali be his desire, and The first civilization.
thou shalt rule over him. 16 And Cain went out from the
* presence of the LorD, and dwelt in
The first murder: history of the land of “Nod, on the east of Cain (cf. Gen. 4. 23). Eden.
Hu : ® 17 And Cain knew his wife; and __8 And Cain talked with Abel his/aMt. 23.35; /|she conceived, and bare Enoch: and brother: and it came to pass, when| L*.11-51; /he 2builded a city, and called the
) they were in the field, that Cain Pare ie name of the city, after the name of rosé up against Abel his brother, _ his son, Enoch. and 4slew him. bie. for 18 And unto Enoch. was born
__9 And the Lorp said unto Cain, ae ro- |Irad: and Irad begat Mehujael: and Where is Abel thy brother? And) Thelawof |Mehujael begat Methusael: and
he said, I know not: Am I my/| Gen. 96 et |Methusael begat Lamech. oe sees Santen . SS iene 19 And esa ge took A him t e said, at hast thou two wives: the name o e one done? the voice of thy brother’s|¢ i< wander-|wag Adah, and the name of the Blood “crieth unto me from the “* wa hes eeirenseagiee
_ ground. d Or, who 20 An ah bare Jabal: he was 11 And now art thou cursed from ne the father of such as dwell in tents,
_the earth, which hath opened her! Gaia had and of such as have cattle.
mouth to receive thy brother’s| slainanun- | 21 And his brother’s name was
blood from thy hand; se} vet (Jubal: he was the father of all such ie shal nce henceforth sield unto] Tatelby |°22 "And Zillah; she also bare Tu thee her strength; a fugitive and aj Jehovah; bal-cain, an instructer of every ar-
vagabond shalt thou be in the| PO~7U" |tificer in brass and iron: and the mech, who sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.
earth. 13 And Cain said unto the Lorp,| ad slsin in | 23 And Lamech_said* unto his My punishment is greater than I erence. iwives, Adah and Zillah, Hear my
can bear. voice; ye wives of Lamech, hearken ~ 14 Behold, thou hast driven me unto my speech: for I have slain a out this day from the face of the man to my wounding, and a young earth; and from thy face shall I be man to my hurt.
24 If Cain shall be avenged seven-
hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a fold, truly Lamech seventy and
vagabond in the earth; and it shall
_come to pass, that every one that sevenfold.
ag Seta Se Shih The birth of Seth: the spiritual
-Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, seed renewed. vengeance shall be taken on him 25 And Adam knew his wife sevenfold. And the Lorpb ‘set a again; and she bare a son, and
10r, sin-offering. In Hebrew the same word is used for “sin,” and “‘sin-offer- ing,” thus emphasizing in a remarkable way the complete identification of the believer’s sin with his sin-offering (cf. John 3. 14 with 2 Cor. 5. 21), Here both meanings are brought together. “‘Sin lieth at the door,”’ but.so also “a sin-offering croucheth at the [tent] door.” It is “where sin abounded” that “grace did much ‘more abound”. (Rom. 5. 20). Abel’s offering implies a previous instruction (cf. Gen. 3. 21), for it was “‘by faith” (Heb. 11. 4), and faith is taking God at His word; so that Cain’s unbloody offering was a refusal of the divine way. But Jehovah made a last appeal to Cain (Gen. 4. 7) even yet to bring the required offering. 2The first civilization, that which perished in the judgment of the Flood, was Cainitic in origin; character, and destiny. Every element of material civilization is ‘mentioned in verses 16-22, city and pastoral life, and the development of arts and ‘manufactures. Enoch, after whom the first city was named, means “teacher.” The el termination of the names of Enoch’s son and grandson shows that for a time the knowledge of Elohim was preserved, but this soon disappears (Rom. 1. 21-23). Adah means “pleasure,” or ‘“adornment’’; Zillah, to “‘hide’’; Lamech, ‘‘conqueror,” ‘or “wild man.” (Cf. Rom. 1. 21-25. See Gen. 6.4.) The Cainitic civilization may have been as splendid as that of Greece or Rome, but the divine judgment is according to the moral state, not the material (Gen, 6. 5-7). _ : il
eo
4 26]
GENESIS.
[5 30
forty years, and begat sons and
called his name “Seth: For God, said she, hath appointed me another seed instead of Abel, whom Cain slew.
26 And to Seth, to him also there was born a son; and he called his name %Enos: then began men to ‘call upon the name of the LorD.
CHAPTER 5.
4 ah is the book of the genera- tions of !Adam. In the day that God created man, 4in the like- ness of God made he him;
2 eMale and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.
3 And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his..own.,likeness,,.after his image; and called his name Seth:
4 And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hun- dred years: and he begat sons and daughters:
5 And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he /died.
The family of Seth.
6 And Seth lived an hundred and five years, and begat Enos:
7 And Seth lived after he begat Enos eight hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daugh-
ters:
8 And all the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years: and he died.
9 And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan:
10 And Enos lived after he begat Cainan eight hundred and fifteen years, and begat sons and daugh- ters:
11 And all the days of Enos were nine hundred and five years: and he died.
12 And Cainan lived seventy years, and begat Mahalaleel:
13 And Cainan lived after he be- gat Mahalaleel eight hundred and
B.C. 4004.
aie. Sheth = appointed
6i.e mortal
¢ Or, call themselves by the name of Jehovah, Contra, Gen.12.8; 26.25
d Gen.1.27. e ME.10.6.
f Death (physical). Gen.6.17. (Gen.3.19; Heb.9.27.)
g Faith. vs. 22-24; Gen. 6.22. (Gen.3. 20; Heb.11. 39.)
h Miracles
daughters: . 4
14 And ali the days of Cainan were nine hundred and ten years: and he died. :
15 And Mahalaleel* lived sixty and five years, and begat Jared:
16 And Mahalaleel lived after he begat ‘Jared eight hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters:
17 And all the days of Mahalaleel were eight hundred ninety and five years: and he died.
18 And Jared lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat Enoch:
19 And Jared lived after he begat Enoch eight hundred years, and be- gat sons and daughters:
20 And all the days of Jared were nine hundred sixty and two years: and he died.
21 And Enoch lived sixty and five years, and begat Methuselah:
22 And 2Enoch éwalked with God after he begat Methuselah three hundred years, and begat sons and daughters:
23 And all the days of Enoch were three hundred sixty and five years:
24 And Enoch walked.with God: and he was not;.for God /took
im.
25 And Methuselah lived an hun- dred eighty and seven years, and begat Lamech:
26 And Methuselah lived after he
* begat Lamech seven hundred eighty
and two years, and begat sons and daughters:
27 And all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty and nine years: and he died.
28 And Lamech lived an hundred eighty and two years, and begat a son:
29 And he called his name Noah, saying, This same shall comfort us concerning our work and toil of our hands, because of the ground which the Lorp hath cursed.
30 And Lamech lived after he be- gat Noah five hundred ninety and five years, and begat sons: and daughters:
1 Adam, as the natural head of the race (Lk. 3. 38), is a contrasting type of
Christ, the Head of the new
creation.
See Rom. 5. 14; 1 Cor. 15. 21, 22, 45-47.
Enoch, ‘“‘translated that he should not see death” (Heb. 11. 5) before the judg- ment of the Flood, is a type of those saints who are to be translated before the apoca- lyptic judgments (1 Thes. 4. 14-17). Noah, left on the earth, but preserved through the judgment of the Flood, is a type of the Jewish people, who will be kept through the apocalyptic judgments (Jer. 30. 5-9; Rev. 12. 13-16) and brought as an earthly
people to the new heaven and new e
12
arth (Isa. 65. 17-19; 66. 20-22; Rev. 21. 1).
5 31] GENESIS.
31 And all the days of Lamech| B.c. 2853. were seven hundred seventy and seven years: and he died.
32 And Noah was five hundred years old: and Noah begat Shem, Ham. and Japheth.
CHAPTER 6.
The Flood (Gen. 6. 1-8. 19): (1) The marriage of Cainites with Sethites.
a Holy Spirit.
Ex.28.3. © (Gen.1.2; Mal.2.15.)
AND it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were|é Or, the
born unto them, eres 2 That the sons of God saw the! The Hebrew daughters of men that they were| word signifies fair; and they took them wives of Meath all which they chose. it clesithe (2) The warning of Jehovah. | EnPsesires. 3 And the Lorp said, My ¢spirit Fee” A shall not always strive with man,|" Tore.”
for that he also is flesh: yet his days
shall be an hundred and twenty|¢ Righteous-
ness. Gen.7.
years. 1. (Gen.6.9; (3) The antediluvian civilization| **??>? (Lk. 17. 37). eile. upright.
4 There were giants in the earth} °% %7°°'®
in those days; and also after that, when the !sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same be- Came mighty men which were of old, men of renown.
(4) The purpose of Jehovah in judgment, 5 And Gop saw that the wicked-
~ ness of man was great in the earth,
[6 14
and that every ‘imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.
6 And it ‘repented the Lorp that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart.
7 And the Lorp said, I will de- stroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for 7a ‘repenteth me that I have made
em.
(5) The purpose of Jehovah in grace.
8 But Noah found grace in the eyes of the LorD. -
9 These are the generations of Noah: Noah was a 4just man and eperfect in his generations, and Noah “walked with God.
10 And Noah begat three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
11 The earth also-was corrupt be- fore God, and the earth_was filled with violence.
12 And God looked upon the earth, and, behold, it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted his way upon the earth.
13. And God said unto Noah, The end of all flesh is come before me; for the earth is filled with violence through them; and, behold, I will destroy them with the earth.
14 Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within and without with pitch. =
1Some hold that these “sons of God” were the “angels which kept not their
- first estate’’ (Jude 6). angels. But this is an error (Isa. 43. 6).
It is asserted that the title is in the O. T. exclusively used of Angels are spoken of in a sexless way.
No female angels are mentioned in Scripture, and we are expressly told that mar- riage is unknown among angels (Mt. 22.30). The uniform Hebrew and Christian interpretation has been that verse 2 marks the breaking down of the separation between the godly line of Seth and the godless line of Cain, and so the failure of the testimony to Jehovah committed to the line of Seth (Gen. 4. 26). For apostasy there is noremedy but judgment (Isa. 1. 2-7, 24, 25; Heb. 6. 4-8; 10. 26-31). Noah, “a preacher of righteousness,” is given 120 years, but he won no convert, and the judgment predicted by his great-grandfather fell (Jude 14, 15; Gen. 7. 11).
2Noah and Enoch are the two antediluvians of whom it is said that they “‘walked with God” (Gen. 5. 24; 6. 9). Enoch, “translated that he should not see death” (Heb. 11. 5), becomes a type of the saints who will be “caught up” before the great tribulation (1 Thes.<4. 14-17; Rev. 3. 10; Dan. 12. 1; Mt. 24. 21); Noah, preserved through the Flood, is a type of the Israelitish people who will be preserved through the tribulation (Jer. 30. 5-9). See “Tribulation” (Psa. 2. 5; Rev. 7. 14).
3 “Ark”: type of Christ as the refuge of His people from judgment (Heb. 11. 7). In strictness of application this speaks of the preservation through the “great tribu- lation” (Mt. 24. 21, 22) of the remnant of Israel who will turn to the Lord after the Church (typified by Enoch, who was translated to heaven before the judgment of the Flood) has been caught up to meet the Lord (Gen. 5, 22-24; 1 Thes. 4. 15-17; Heb. 11. 5; Isa. 2. 10, 11; 26. 20, 21)... But the type has also a present reference to
13
6 15] GENESIS. [715
15 And this is the fashion which\_ B.c. 2448. |not clean by two, the male and his
thou shalt make it of: The length female. : of the ark shall be three hundred 3 Of fowls also of the air by ‘cubits, the breadth of it fifty cu- sevens, the male and the female; to bits, and the height of it thirty wees a alive upon the face of all cubits. ; e earth. : 16 A window shalt thou make to 4 For yet seven days, and I will the ark, and in a cubit shalt thou pause it a sot po eathee me om finish it above; and the door of the lays and forty nights; and ev ark shalt thou set in the side there- living substance that I have made of; with lower, second, and third ‘she I destroy from off the face of stories shalt thou make it. : e earth. e ; “7 And, behold, I, even I, doj*Qpecubit= |S” And Noah did according unto bring a flood of waters upon the) v.1o. all that the LoRD commanded him.
earth, to destroy all flesh, wherein 6 And Noah was six hundred is the breath of life, from under|? Coie a years old when the flood of waters heaven; and every thing that is in be 16.2205. was upon fee aptity te i = i 3.19; Ss a ahs Sth thee! will I establish Heb 27.) Lara ana ee Ae, ar his rR my covenant; and thou shalt come|c Faith. Gen. wives with him, into the ark, be- into the ark, thou, and thy sons, soo. eee [Cause of the waters of the flood. and thy wife, and thy sons’ wives ee Sy 8 Of clean a amt ee — ith thee. that are not clean, and of fowls, “19 And of every living thing of|¢ Righteous- land of every thing that creepeth all flesh, !two of every sort shalt| 728%: S<®- lupon the earth,
5.6. (Gen. 4 thou bring into the ark, to keep 63: Lit 35.) 9 There went in two and two unto them alive with thee; they shall be creek Noah into the ark, the male and the 730 OF 4 ater their kind, and “BB, note, Noah” pit So owls 5 : é of cattle after their kind, of every|/Sce Gen.6.9, 10, And it came to pass after seven creeping thing of the earth after his) 7°fe 2- days, that the waters of the flood kind, two of every sort shall come gice. May. were upon the earth. unto thee, to keep them alive. 11 In the six hundredth year of
21 And take thou unto thee of all)" Mt24.27 7; |Noah’s life, in the 8second month, food that is eaten, and thou shalt] 1Thes.s'3.' \the seventeenth day of the month, gather it to thee; and it shall be| 2 Pet.2.5; the “same day were all the foun- for food for thee, and for them. 2 Pet-3.6. tains of the great deep ‘broken up,
22 Thus ‘did Noah; according to]; miracles {land the windows of heaven were all that God commanded him, so| (.T.). Gen. opened.
did he. 34; Jone” | 12 And the rain was upon the TO ee earth forty days and forty nights. CHAPTER 7. RE a ine ppcfeame oay entered
£ ah, an 2 .
(6) The judgment of the Flood: Japhetee the -sadene, Noalr? ane end oi testing under the Sec- Noah’s wife, and the three ‘wives ona Dispensation. of his sons with them, into the
nee the LorD said unto Noah, ark; ~ Come thou and all thy house 14 They, and every beast after his
into the ark; for thee have I seen kind, and all the cattle after their
‘righteous before me in this gene- kind, and every creeping thing that
ration. creepeth upon the earth after his
2 Of every ‘clean beast thou shalt kind, and every fowl after his kind,
take to thee by sevens, the male and every bird of every sort.
his female: and of beasts that are 15 And they went in unto Noah
the position of the believer “in Christ” (Eph. 1.), etc. It should be noted that the word translated ‘“‘pitch”’ in Gen. 6. 14 is the same word translated “atonement” in Lev. 17.11, etc. It is atonement that keeps out the waters of judgment and makes the believer’s position “in Christ” safe and blessed.
1Cf. Gen. 7. 2. In addition to two animals, etc., commanded (Gen. 6. 19) to be preserved for future increase (“they shall be male and female’), the further command was given more than 100 years later to take of clean beasts, i. e. beasts acceptable for sacrifice, seven each. Exodus gives ten such beasts, or but seventy
in all. Modern ships carry hundreds of live beasts, with their food, besides scores of human beings. 14
7 16)
into the ark, two and two of all] Be. 2349.
fete wherein is the breath of ‘ife
16 And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the Lorp shut him in.
17 And the flood was forty days upon the earth; and the waters in- creased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth.
18 And‘ the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters.
19 And the waters prevailed ex- ceedingly upon the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered.
20 Fifteen ¢cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered.
21 And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the éarth, and every man:
22 All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died.
23 And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the ’ earth: and Woah only remained alive, and they that were with him in the
ark. 24 And the waters prevailed upon the earth an hundred and fifty
days.
CHAPTER 8.
ND God remembered Noah,
and every living thing, and all
the cattle that was with him in the
ark: and God made a wind to pass
over the earth, and the waters as- swaged;
2 The fountains also of the deep
and the windows of heaven were ‘stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained;
3 And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated.
4 And the ark rested in the “sev- enth month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of 4Ararat.
5 And the waters decreased con- tinually until the ‘tenth month: in
GENESIS.
[8 19
a One cukit— 18 in.
6 EES
ground,
“heavenly” of Eph.2. 4-6 for the Church, and to the “new heavens and
( Fs 17-19; 66.22; Reyv.21.1).
ei.e. January.
Jf The raven
the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.
6 And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made:
7 And he sent forth a /raven, which went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.
8 Also he sent forth a /dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;
9 But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned
. {unto him into the ark, for the
waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her
- jin unto him into the ark.
10 And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark,
11 And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.
12 And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the dove; which returned not again unto him any more.
13 And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the
eae the dove |month, the waters were dried up thought to |from off the earth: and Noah re- ugh’ : stand for {moved the covering of the ark, and eae believer’s |iooked, and, behold, the face of the oO natures: the “old ground was dry. man” satis- 14 And in the “second month, on fore i, |the seven and twentieth day of the judgment; |tmonth, was the earth dried. the “new 15 And God spake unto Noah, many tang |saying satistactiee | 16 Go forth of the ark, thou, and thingsof | |thy wife, and thy sons, and thy pe aig sons’ wives with thee. _17 Bring forth with thee every liv- gi.e. April. ing thing that is with thee, of all ite. May flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle,
15
and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth.
18 And Noah went forth, and his. sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him:
19 Every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatso- ever creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of the
lark,
8 20] GENESIS. [97 The Third Dispensation: Hu-
fruitful, and multiply, and replenish
G ent (Gen. 8. 20- the earth. iio) stg ge aan Noahic 2 And the fear of you and the Covenant (to Gen. 9. 27). dread of you shall be upon every 20 And Noah builded an altar] beast of the earth, and upon every
i 1 t unto the Lorp; and took of every pei as poctipirigt vse ot
clean beast, and of every clean fowl, : Gshies afidhe sea tintin vaurenee and offered *burnt-offerings on the)¢ Rectan th oy deliv edhe y
( altar. Gen.12.7,8. 3 Every moving thing that liveth 21 And the LORD smelled a sweet (Gen4.45 ; shall be meat-for yous even aacthe
savour; and the Lorp !%said in his have] weer ane heart, I will not again curse thel, rye Eignt ie See
ground any more for man’s sake;) Covenants, 4 But flesh with the life thereof,
for the imagination of man’s heart] Gen.15.18. seh f is evil from his youth; neither will) {S333 Rove ne the blood thereof, shall ye
I again smite any more every thing 5 And surely your blood of your
living, as I have done. ¢ Kingdom | * “figbe Thi : (.T). Ex. [lives will I require; at the hand of 22 While the earth remaineth,| 37.49. every beast walla cequive sche aaaee
seedtime and harvest, and cold and| (Gen.1.26; i heat, and summer and winter, and Zech.13.8.) mak en aS ee day and night shall not cease. PneaifsGcunane
6 ‘Whoso sheddeth man’s blood,
by man shall his blood be shed: for CHAPLER. 9. in the image of God made he
ARD God blessed Noah and his man. : sons, and 2said unto them, Be} 7 And you, be ye fruitful, and
1The Third Dispensation: Human Government. Under Conscience, as in Inno- cency, man utterly failed, and the judgment of the Flood marks the end_of the second dispensation and the beginning of the third. The declaration of the Noahic Covenant subjects humanity to a new test. Its distinctive feature is the institu- tion, for the first time, of human government—the government of man by man. The highest function of government is the judicial taking of life. All other govern- mental powers are implied in that. It follows that the third dispensation is dis- tinctively that of human government. Man is responsible to govern the world for God. That responsibility rested upon the whole race, Jew and Gentile, until the failure of Israel under the Palestinian Covenant (Deut. 28.-30. 1-10) brought the judgment of the Captivities, when ‘‘the times of the Gentiles” (See Lk. 21. 24; Rev. 16. 14) began, and the government of the world passed exclusively into Gen- tile hands (Dan. 2. 36-45; Lk. 21. 24; Acts 15. 14-17). That both Israel and the Gentiles have governed for self, not God, is sadly apparent. The judgment of the confusion of tongues ended the racial testing; that of the captivities the Jewish; while the Gentile testing will end in the smiting of the Image (Dan. 2.) and the judgment of the nations (Mt. 25. 31-46). See, for the other six dispensations: Innocence (Gen. 1. 28); Conscience (Gen. 3. 23); Promise (Gen. 12. 1); Law (Ex. 19. 8); Grace (John 1. 17); Kingdom (Eph. 1. 10).
2The Noahic Covenant. The elements are: G (2) ane relation of man to the earth under-the Adamic Covenant is confirmed
en. 8. 21). (2) The order of nature is confirmed (Gen. 8. 22). (3) Human government is established (Gen. 9. 1-6). “ ie Earth is secured against another universal judgment by water (Gen, 8. 21; etd):
(5S) A prophetic declaration is made that from Ham will descend an inferior and servile posterity (Gen. 9. 24, 25).
(6) A prophetic declaration is made that Shem will have a peculiar relation to Jehovah (Gen. 9. 26, 27). All divine revelation is through Semitic men, and Christ, after the flesh, descends from Shem.
(7) A prophetic declaration is made that from Japheth will descend the “‘en- larged”’ races (Gen. 9, 27). Government, science, and art, speaking broadly, are and have been Japhetic, so that history is the indisputable record of the exact ful- filment of these declarations. See, for the other seven covenants: Edenic (Gen. 1. 28); Adamic (Gen. 3. 15); Abrahamic (Gen. 15, 18); Mosaic (Ex, 19, 25); Pales- tinian (Deut. 30.3); Davidic (2 Sam. 7. 16); New (Heb, 8. 8).
16
%
Noah: and of them was the whole earth overspread.
> - ” 98] GENESIS. [10 2 _ multiply; bring forth abundantly in! B.C. 2348 Jes thetical: r _ the earth, and multiply therein. Noah pacar ah of ena 8 And God spake unto Noah, and 20 And Noah b tod é _ to his sons with him, ¢saying, andriad Bad Oho nue: Bust | (2, And I, behold, 1 establish my hwo amma a Fis tan es _ covenant with you, and with your j : Boa after you: ove eae BS ie oh the wine, and 10 And with every living creature SER Eee eo ee And ered within his tent. that is with you, of the fowl, of the 22 And H h cattle, and of every beast of the Bite AE SOREN OF Ge Wath with ; naan, saw the nakedness of his : you; from all that go out!a SeeGen.8.__ father d told hi of ey ark, to every beast of the By note; eitneutine old Auaiewe. Dreltes earth. -1, note, ti i] Y ; 23 And Shem and Japheth took 11 And I will establish my cove-)s The bow i ii eta pirat nant with you; neither shall all flesh not said to See ace: snd lai Ou bon DoLuEne Re cut off anymore by thé waters! nave come shoulders, and went backward, and ele into exist- {covered the nakedness of. their of a flood; neither shall there any} ence at this |father: and their f: b more be a flood to destroy the earth. eee Bee eects "and they ae per ee ‘ : AS Pho , eek crank which ieiaee terrae [fathere Bakeddess between me and you and every liv- with the ees usion re. Aol Covenant: ing creature that zs with you, for) character e prophetic declaration. eta eee atons: A SY Cree sits. isc spc wee Si _ from his : my bow in the cloud,| Typically, ’ new what his younger a Bec it: Bball be fora thee ofa ee Eras ee “ee et mae me i nant between me and the earth. the storm nd he said, ‘Cursed be Ca- 14 And it shall come to pass, when) clouds of naan; a servant of servants shall h I bring a cloud over the earth, that judgment. _|be unto his brethren. Brora oe err seen = the cloud:| hasbeen see fry Ee me ne be the nd I will remember my cove-! thought t od of Shem; and C nant, which 1s between me ana Foul speale a the |shall be his servant. Bode and every living creature of all jose 27 God shall enlarge Japheth, and flesh; and the waters shall no move] never to he shall dwell in the tents of Shem: PPecome a flood to destroy all flesh. Be srpeucy: and Canaan shall be his servant. nd the bow shall be in the} visited The famil; Ne ps and I si look upon se that pon the (Gen. 9. at Baie may remember the everlasting) 3°°°(Gu) 28 And Noah lived af eee ha site end, ieee, $10.14 Heb. three hundred SA Rte peas pa , creature of all fles at 1s] ° 10.14-18). 29 And all the days of Noah upon the earth. i ayes Bes God titanate Noah, This) $0 OG 2, Ibe died ee Ste ts the token of the covenant, which} suddiv. 5-7. ‘ ee ep tlshed between me and CHAPTER 10. es at is upon the earth. OW these are the erati 18 And the sons of Noah, that N of the sons of Noah, Sheen, went forth of the ark, were Shem, Ham, and Japheth: and unto them and Ham, and Japheth: and Ham were sons born after the flood. is the father of Canaan. 2 The sons of Japheth; 1Gomer, 19 ‘Yhese are the three sons of and 2Magog, and ?Madai, and 4Ja- van, and ©Tubal, and ®Meshech, and
7Tiras.
1 Progenitor of the ancient Cimerians and Cimbri, from whom are descended the
Celtic family.
’
3Progenitor of the ancient Medes. ; 4 Progenitor of those who peopled Greece, Syria, etc
5 Tubal’s descendants peopled the region south It is probable that Tobolsk perpetuates the tribal
A branch of this race peopled Spain. _ fh 6Progenitor of a race mentioned in connection with Tubal, Magog, and other
Broadly speaking, Russia, excluding the conquests of Peter the
they spread north and south. name.
northern nations.
2From Magog are descended the ancient Scythians, or Tartars, whose descend-
ants predominate in the modern Russia. See Ezk. 38. 2; 39. 6; Rev. 20. 8.
LCs of the Black Sea, from whence
Great and his successors, is the modern land of Magog, Tubal, and Meshech,
7Progenitor of the Thracians.
17
10 3]
GENESIS.
[113
3 And the sons of Gomer; Ashke- naz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
4 And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Do- danim.
5 By these were the “isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every one after his tongue, after their families, in their nations.
6 And the sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, and Phut, and Ca- naan.
7 And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabtechah: and the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan.
8 And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth.
9 He was a mighty hunter before’ the Lorp: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the LorD. .
10 And the beginning of his king- dom was Babel, and Erech, and
Accad, and Caineh, in the land of|5 Or, he went
Shinar.
11 Out of that land ‘went forth Asshur, and builded “Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah,
12 And Resen between ¢Nineveh and Calah: the same is a great city,
13 And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
14 And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (out of whom came Philistim,) and Caphtorim.
15 And Canaan begat Sidon his firstborn, and Heth,
16. And the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgasite,
17 And the Hivite, and the Ar- kite, and the Sinite,
18 And the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite: and atterward were the families of the Canaanites spread abroad.
19 And the border of the Canaan- ites was from Sidon, as thou com- est to Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest, unto Sodom, and Gomorrah,
and Admah, and Zebcim, even unto Lasha. |
From these seven sons of Japheth are descended the trans. “heathen”? 148 times in the A. V
B.C. 2347.
a Lit. coasts. Settlement would naturally follow the coasts first.
out into _ Assyria.
c Nah.1.1, note,
2 Tsa.13.1, note,
e Arphaxad. v.24; Gen. 11.10.
|
|
20 These are the sons of Ham, after their families, after their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations.
21 Unto Shem also, the father of all the children of Eber, the brother of Japheth the elder, even to him ~ were children born.
22 The children of Shem; Elam, anc Asshur, and ‘Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram.
23 And the children of Aram; Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash.
24 And Arphaxad begat Salah; and Salah begat Eber.
25 And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of one was Peleg; for in his days was the earth di- vided; and his brother’s name was Joktan. - 5
26 And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
27 And Hadoram, and Uzal, and Dikiah,
28 And Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba, :
29 And Ophir, and Havilah, and. Jobab: all these were the sons of
\Joktan.
30 And their dwelling was from Mesha, as thou goest unto Sephar a mount of the east.
31 These are the sons of Shem, after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after their nations. | 32 These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their genera- tions, in their nations: and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood.
CHAPTER 11.
The failure of man under the Noahic Covenant.
ANP the whole earth was of Jone language, and of one speech.
2 And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
3 And they said one to another,
oyim, or Gentile, nations,
The name implies nothing concerning
religion, meaning simply, non-Israelite, or “foreigner.” 1The history of Babel (“confusion”) strikingly parallels that of the professing
Church.
(1), Unity (Gen. 11. 1)—the Apostolic Church (Acts 4. 32, 33); (2) Am-
bition (Gen. 11. 4), using worldly, not spiritual, means (Gen. 11. 3), ending in a man- made unity—the papacy; (3) the confusion of tongues (Gen. 11.'7)—Protestantism,
with its innumerable sects.
18
See Isa. 13. 1, note.
_ Go to, let us make brick, and burn
them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they’ for morter.
4 And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.
The judgment of the confusion | of tongues. Life continues - under the Adamic and Noahic
Covenants.
5 And the Lorp came down to _ see the city and the tower, which
the children of men builded.
6 And the Lorp said, Behold, _ the people fs one, and they have all _ one language; and this they begin - to do: and now nothing will be re-
strained from them, which they have imagined to do.
7 Go to, let us go down, and there “confound their language, that they may not understand one ancther’s| speech.
8 So the LorpD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city.
9 Therefore is the name of it _ealled “Babel; because the LorD did there confound the language of
all the earth: and from thence did the Lorp scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.
GENESIS.
B.C. 2247.
a Miracles (O.T.). vs.
bie. con- fusion. See Gen.11.1, note; Isa. 13.1, note.
c Arphaxad. vs.10-13; | 1 Chr.1.17. (Gen.10,22; Lk.3.36.)
[11 22
The ancestry of Abram.
10 These are the !generations of Shem: Shem was an hundred years old, and begat ‘Arphaxad two years after the flood:
11 And Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
12 And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:
13 And Arphaxad lived after he’ begat Salah four hundred and three) years, and begat sons and daugh- ters.
14 And Salah lived thirty years,
‘land begat Eber:
15 And Salah lived after he begat Eber four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
16 And Eber lived four and thirty years, and begat Peleg:
17 And Eber lived after he begat Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daugh- ters.
18 And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu: :
19 And Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters.
20 And Reu lived two and thirty years, and begat Serug:
21 And Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters.
22 And Serug lived thirty years, and begat Nahor:
1Genesis 11. and 12. mark an important turning point in the divine dealing.
Heretofore the history has been that of the whole Adamic race.
There has been
neither Jew nor Gentile; all have been one in ‘‘the first man Adam.”’ Henceforth, “in the Scripture record, humanity must be thought of as a vast stream from which God, in the call of Abram and the creation of the nation of Israel, has but drawn
- off a slender rill, through which He may at last purify the great river itself.
Israel
was called to be a witness to the unity of God in the midst of universal idolatry
Deut. 6. 4; Isa. 43. 10-12); to illustrat Deut. 33. 26-29); to receive and preserv'
e the blessedness of serving the true God e the divine revelations (Rom. 3. 1, 2; Deut.
4, 5-8); and to produce the Messiah (Gen. 3. 15; 21. 3; 28. 10, 14; 49. 10; 2 Sam. 7. 16,
17; Isa. 4. 3, 4; Mt. 1. 1.)
The reader of scripture should hold firmly in mind: (1) that from Gen. 12. to Mt. 12. 45 the Scriptures have primarily in view Israel, the little rill, not the great Gentile river; though again and again the universality of the ultimate divine intent breaks into view (e. g. Gen. 12. 3; Isa. 2. 2, 4; 5. 26; 9. 1, 2; 11. 10-12; 42. 1-6; 49. 6, 12; 52.15: 54.3; 55.5; 60.3, 5, 11-16; 61.6,9; 62.2; 66.12, 18,19; Jer. 16.19; Joel 3. 9, 10; Mal. 1. 11; Rom. %., 10., 11.; Gal. 3. 8-14); (2) that the human race, henceforth called Gentile in distinction from Israel, goes on under the Adamic and Noahic covenants; and that for the race (outside Israel) the dispensations of Con-
‘science and of Human
Government continue.
The moral history of the great
Gentile world is told in Rom. 1. 21-32, and its moral accountability in Rom. 2. 1-16.
Conscience never acquits: it either
to the Gentiles it is to them, as to Israe
3. 19, 20; 7. 9, 10; 2 Cor. 3. 7; Gal. 3
“accuses” or “excuses.” 1, ‘‘a ministration of death,’’ a “curse” (Rom. A wholly new responsibility arises when
#10)"
Where the law is known
either Jew or Gentile knows the Gospel (John 3. 18, 19, 36; 15, 22-24; 16.9; 1. John
5. 9-12).
19
11 23] GENESIS. [127
23 And Serug lived after he begat] B.C. 2126. CHAPTER 12. : Wahor two hundred years, and ’be- The Fourth Dispensation: gat sons and daughters. _ Promise: from the call of
24 And Nahor lived nine and Abram to the giving of the twenty years, and begat Terah: Jaw (Gen. 12. 1-Ex. 19. 8).
25 And Nahor lived after he begat The Fourth, or Abrahamic Terah an-hundred and nineteen Covenant. (Add Gen. 13. 14- years, and begat sons and daugh-|2 The t dolay.| 183 15. 1-21; 17. 4-8; 22. 15-24; 26. ters. Seer : "| 1-5; 28. 10-15.) :
= eparation. é ca gh nes i Naber wand dewtes Gen. OW '!the Lorp had said unt
Haran paar Abram, Get thee one of th f ti Cor.6.14- country, and from thy kindred, an: af Pecan hee Hee AbPRIn, in) * Vfrom ay oe dees unto a lan 1 . ‘ that I will shew thee: Beet Gee Se aia Se ieee vs.| 2 2And I will make of thee a great 28 And Haran died before his| 2.3: Gen.13. |‘nation, and I will bless thee, and
father Terah in the land of his| {325, {ce |make thy name great; and thou
ivity, i ( shalt be a blessing: pede brant ‘and Nahor! took as 3 And I will bless them that bless them wives: the name of Abram’s|? Chrst (frst thee, and curse him that curseth
dvent). : Se wife was Sarai; and the name of| Gen.i7.19. |thee: and in ¢thee shall all families
Nahor’s wife, Milcah, the daughter oh aon of the earth be “blessed. of Haran, the father of Milcah, and oe Abram in the land: worship,
the father of Iscah. e Gospel. communion, and promise. 30 But Sarai was barren; she had ws 7G no child. 1213: " |. 4 So Abram departed, as the
Rev.14.6.) LORD had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and Abram
Incomplete obedience: the |! F2ith. vs. |was seventy and five years old Wasted years at Haran. iets, when he departed out of Haran.
; (Gen.3.20; 5 And Abram took Sarai his wife,
31 And *Terah took Abram his| Heb-11-39.) land Lot his brother’s son, and all
son and Lot the son of Haran his}, rpe their substance that they had gath-
son’s son, and Sarai his daughter; theopha- ered, and the souls that they had
in law, his son Abram’s wife; and) 2/es. gotten in Haran; and they fwent
they went forth with them from Ur oem: forth to go into the land of Canaan; of the Chaldees, to go into the land} Rev.i.10.) and into the land of Canaan they
of Canaan; and they came unto! came.
Haran, and dwelt there. 6 And Abram passed through the 32 And the days of Terah were land unto the place of Sichem, unto
two hundred and five years: and the plaix of Moreh. And the Ca-
Terah died in Haran. naanite was then in the land.
7 And the Lorp éappeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed
1The Fourth Dispensation: Promise. For Abraham and his descendants it is evident that the Abrahamic Covenant (Gen. 15. 18, note) made a great change. They became distinctively the heirs of promise. That covenant is wholly gracious and unconditional. The descendants of Abraham had but to abide in their own land to inherit every blessing. In Egypt they lost their blessings, but not their covenant. The Dispensation of Promise ended when Israel rashly accepted the law (Ex. 19. 8). Grace had prepared a deliverer (Moses), provided a sacrifice for the guilty, and by divine power brought them out of bondage (Ex. 19. 4); but at Sinai they exchanged grace for law. The Dispensation of Promise extends from Gen. 12. i to Ex, 19. 8, and was exclusively Israelitish. The dispensation must be distin- guished from the covenant. The former is a mode of testing; the latter is everlast- ing because unconditional. The law did not abrogate the Abrahamic Covenant (Gal. 3. 15-18), but was an intermediate disciplinary dealing ‘‘till the Seed should come to whom the promise was made” (Gal. 3. 19-29; 4. 1-7). Only the dis- pensation, as a testing of Israel, ended at the giving of the law. See, for the other six dispensations: Innocence (Gen. 1. 28); Conscience (Gen. 3. 23); Human pencrniment (Gen. 8. 20); Law (Ex. 19. 8); Grace (John 11. 17); Kingdom (Eph.
a0) *For analysis and summary of the Abrahamic Covenant, see Gen. 15. 18, 20
12 8] GENESIS. [13 9
_ will I give this land: and there] B.c. 1920. |and said, What is this that thou _ builded he an ¢altar unto the Lorp, hast done unto me? why didst thou who appeared unto him. not tell me that she was thy wife? 8 And he removed from thence 19 Why saidst thou, She is my
unto a mountain on the east of sister? so I might have taken her 1Beth-el, and pitched his tent, hav- to me to wife: now therefore behold ing Beth-el on the west, and Hai on thy wife, take her, and go thy way. the east; and there he builded an 20 And Pharaoh commanded Ais: altar unto the LorbD, and called men concerning him: and they sent upon the name of the Lorp. him away, and his wife, and all 9 And Abram journeyed, going on that he had. f _ still toward the south. _ Under trial Abram forsakes the CHAPTER 13. place of blessing. Abram returns to the land and 10 And there was a *famine in the altar. the land: 2and Abram went down ND Abram went up out of into Egypt to sojourn there; for -Egypt, he, and his wife, and the famine was grievous in the), SacriAce all that he had, and Lot with him, land. (typical). |into the south. 11 And it came to pass, when he} vs.7,8; 2 And Abram was very rich in
" was come near to enter into Egypt, cattle, in silver, and in gold.
that he ‘said unto Sarai his wife, Pies) 3 And he went on his journeys
Behold now, I know that thou art from the south even to Beth-el, ei atl ccectopasa| 25°1;.. loeens at cane browning, terres
, uth 1.1; ’
when the Egyptians shall see thee, contra. Psa. Beth-el and Hai;
that they shall say, This is his| 33-18-19 4 Unto the place of the altar, wife: and they will kill me, but!<cr Gen. which he had made there at the
they will save thee alive. 20.1-18; first: and there Abram called on
13 Say, I pray thee, thou art my| 2°11: the name of the Lorn.
sister: that it may be well with me'd Miracles
for thy sake; and my soul shall live} (O.T.). Gen. Abram’s separation from Lot.
_ because of thee. Bey te orn 5 And Lot also, which went-with 14 And it came to pass, that,| 21-70.) |Abram, had flocks, and herds, and when Abram was come into Egypt, tents. the Egyptians beheld the woman 6 And the land was not able to that she was very fair. bear them, that they might dwell 15 The princes also of Pharaoh together: for their substance was saw her, and commended her before great, so that they could not dwell) Pharaoh: and the woman was taken together. into Pharaoh’s house. 7 And there was a strife between ~ 16 And he entreated Abram well the herdmen of Abram’s cattle and for her sake: and he had sheep, the herdmen of Lot’s cattle: and and oxen, and he asses, and men- the Canaanite and the Perizzite servants, and maidservants, and dwelled then in the land. she asses, and camels. 8 And Abram said unto Lot, Let 17 And the Lorp ¢plagued Pha- there be no strife, I pray thee, be- -raoh and his house with great tween me and thee, and between plagues because of Sarai Abaya my herdmen and thy herdmen; for wife. we be brethren. 18 And Pharaoh called Abram, 9 Is not the whole land before
1One of the sacred places of Canaan, meaning, house of God (Gen, 28. 1-
22: 35. 1-7, note. It is characteristic of all apostasy that Jeroboam chose this sacred place in which to erect an idol (1 Ki. 12. 28, 32. Cf. 1 Ki, 13; 1-5); and of divine judgment upon apostasy that God should decree the destruction of Bethel, despite its sacred memories (1 Ki, 13. 1-5; 2 Ki. 23. 15-17; Amos 3. 14, 15). God never hesitates to cast aside that which no longer serves His purpose (Rev. 2. 5;
3. 15). ai"? . 2 i na disciplinary testing of God’s people in the land. (Cf. Gen. 26. ee a 52 Sem} 24, 13; Psa. 105. 16.) The resort to Egypt (the world) is typical of the tendency to substitute for lost spiritual power the fleshly resources of the world, instead of seeking, through confession aid amendment, the restoration of God’s presence and favour. PA
13 10]
thee? “separate thyself, I pray thee, from me: if thou wilt take the left hand, then I will go to the right; or if thou depart to the right hand, then I will go to the left.
Lot’s first step in backsliding.
(See Gen. 13. 12; 19. 1, 33.)
10 And Lot lifted up his eyes, and beheld all the plain of Jordan, that it was well watered every where, before the Lorp destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, even as the garden of the LorD, like the land of Egypt, as thou comest unto Zoar.
11 Then Lot chose him all the plain of Jordan; and Lot journeyed east: and they separated themselves the one from the other.
Lot’s second step in backsliding. (See Gen. 13. 10; 19. 1, 33.)
12 Abram dwelled in the land of Canaan,’ and Lot dwelled in the cities of the plain, and pitched Ais tent toward Sodom.
13 But the men of Sodom were|s Israel (cove- wicked and sinners before the Lorp! nant), vs.15-
a Separation, vs.7,
erin 17; Gen.15. es gly. 48. (Gean2. The Abrahamic Covenant: the ne Rom.11.
land given; natural posterity
promised (v,. 16). i
14 And the Lorp said unto Abram, after that Lot was sep- arated from him, Lift up now thine eyes, and look from the place where thou art northward, and southward, and eastward, and westward:
15 For all the land which thou seest, to thee will I give it, and to thy ‘seed for ever.
16 AndI will make thy seed as the dust of the earth: so that if a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed alsobenumbered.
17 Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in the breadth of it; for I will give it unto thee.
18 ‘Then Abram removed Ais tent, and came and dwelt in ahs) plain of Mamre, which is in He- bron, and built there an altar untol the Lorp.
c Farth, vs.14- 18; Gen.14
22,23. (Gen. 3.20; Heb.11. 39.)
d vores ‘pical). Gen n7 813.
(Gen.4.4;
Heb.10.18.) eIt is Abram
the sepa-
rated man who has
CHAPTER 14. Abram delivers Lot.
ANP it came to pass in thé days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlao. mer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations; 2 That these made war with Bera king of Sodom, and with Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab
GENESIS.
B.C. 1918.
[14 16
‘king of Admah, and Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which is Zoar. } 3 All these were joined together in the vale of Siddim, which is the salt
sea.
4 Twelve years they served Ched- orlaomer, and in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
7 And they returned, and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Ama- lekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezon-tamar.
8 And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar;) and they joined battle with them in the vale of Siddim:
9 With Chedorlaomer the king of Elam, and with Tidal king of na- tions, and Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar; four kings with five.
10 And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and fell there; and they that remained fled to the mountain.
11 And they took all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah, and all their victuals, and went their way.
12 And they took Lot, Abram’s brother’s son, who dwelt in Sodom, and his goods, and departed,
13 And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the He- brew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram.
D1@> ‘Ane ewhenAbrdin thease
his brother was taken captive, he
armed his trained servants, born in
his own house, three hundred and
encca! and pursued them unto an.
| 15 And he divided himself against
them, he and his servants, by night, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus.
16 And he brought back all the
14 17] GENESIS. [151
goods, and also brought again his} s.c. 1913. /unto Abram, Give me the persons,
brother Lon and his goods. and the and take the gocds to thyself. _ women also, and the people. 22 And Abram: 4said to the king oe f of Sodom, I have lift up mine hand 1e revelation of God as El unto the Lorp, the most high God, Elyon, “the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth, possessor of heaven and 23 That I will not take from a earth. 2 Meaning pared Even to shoslatchet: and . ing of at I will not take any thing that pL? ere Pe june os popes vent Rightecus- | thine, lest thou shouldest say, I from the Eon cheer ae Chitose: se May “Sa age pviewse as hich th ; - ; 5 ave only at whic e€ Bee val ceaneeeh| erect. ene ee ateashe and oe ree 3 : s| Heb.7.2. on 0 e men which went wit! hich is ing’ 3; een Ly Rego of 5Sa-| ° ae. f) Hwodria Me ee ee 5 lem proveht forth bread and wine:| Genis.2. A 1 (Gen.1.1; Been ese oF the fmosty eras) CHAPTER 15. 19 And he blessed him, and said,|¢ Faith, vs. . Blessed jbo Abram of the mont {226m |The Absahamic Covenant con: ig , possessor of heaven and 3.70: Heb. | ised (v. 5) ; earth: | -WAesONWiae! | p> 20 And blessed be the most high! | AF ER these things the word of God, which hath delivered thine ere the LorD came unto Abram in enemies into thy hand. And he ‘a vision, saying, Fear not, Abram: gave him tithes of ail. . I am thy shield, and thy exceeding 21 And the king of Sodom said : __ great reward. ©
IMelchizedek, type of Christ the King-Priest. The type strictly applies to the priestly work of Christ in resurrection, since Melchizedek presents onlv the memorials of sacrifice, bread and wine. “After the order of Melchizedek” (Heb. 6. 20) refers to the royal authority and unending duration of Christ’s high priesthood (Heb. 7. 23, 24). The Aaronic priesthood was often interrupted by
~death. Christ is a priest after the order of Melchizedek, as King of righteousness, King of peace (Isa. 11. 4-9; Heb. 7. 2), and in the endlessness of His priesthood; but the Aaronic priesthood typifies His priestly work.
Bea once high,” or “most high God” (Heb. El Elyon). “Elyon’” means simply est. :
: (1) The first revelation of this name (v. 18) indicates its distinctive meanings. Abram, returning from his victory over the confederated kings (Gen. 14. 1-17), is met by Melichizedek, King of Salem... the “priest of the most high God” (El
~Elyon), who blesses Abram in the name of El Elyon, “possessor of heaven and earth.” This revelation produced a remarkable impression upon the patriarch. Not only did he at once give Melchizedek “‘tithes of all” the spoil of the battle, but when the King of Sodom offered other of that spoil to Abram, his answer was: “T have lift up mine hand unto the Lorp [Jehovah], the most high God [E/ Elyon], the possessor of heaven and earth, that I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet,” etc. (Gen. 14. 18-23). :
(a) The Lorp (Jehovah) is known to a Gentile king (Melchizedek) by the name “most high God” (EI Elyon); (b) a Gentile is the priest of Ei Elyon and (c) His distinctive character as most high God is “possessor of heaven and earth.”
Appropriately to this Gentile knowledge of God by His name “Most High,” we read that.‘“‘the Most High divided to the nations [i.e. Gentiles] their inheritance, when he separated the sons of Adam,” etc. (Deut. 32. 3). As “possessor of heaven and earth,” it was the prerogative of the Most High to distribute the earth among the nations according to whatever principle He chose.. That principle is declared in Deut. 32. 8. To the same purport is the use of the name in Daniel, the book of Gentile prophecy (Dan. 3. 26; 4. 17, 24, 25, 32, 34, 35; 5. 18, 21). :
(2) As “possessor of heaven and earth,” the most high God has and exercises
authority in both spheres: (a) the heavenly authority of Ei Elyon (e.g. Dan. 4. 35, 37; Isa. 14. 13, 14; Mt. 28. 18); (6) the earthly authority of E/ Elyon (e.g. Deut. 32. 8; Psa. 9. 2-5; 21. 7; 47. 2-4; 56. 2,3; 82. 6,8; 83. 16-18; 91. 9-12; 2 Sam. 22.
14, 15; Dan. 5. 18). See, for other names of Deity: Gen. 1. 1, note; 2. 4, note; 2.7; 15. 2, note; 17.1, note; 21. 33, note; 1 Sam. 1. 3, note.
- 23
7
15 2]
GENESIS.
—
[15 18
2 4And Abram said, !*Lord 2Gop, what wilt thou give me, seeing I go childless, and the steward of my house is this Eliezer of Damascus?
3 And Abram said, Behold, to me thou hast given no seed: and, lo, one born in my house is mine heir.
4 And, behold, the word of the LORD came unto him, saying, This shall not be thine heir; but he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels shall be thine heir.
§ And he brought him forth abroad, and said, Look now toward heaven, and tell the stars, if thou be able to number them: and he said unto him, ‘So shall thy ¢seed be.
6 And he “believed in the Lorn; and he /counted it to him for éright- eousness.
7 And he said unto him, I am the Lorp that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this
B.C. 1913.
(Gen.15.2; Hab.3.1-16.) b Deity (names of). Gen.17.1, (Gen.1.1; Mal.3.18.)
c Rom.4.18, d Israel (cove-
nant). vs.4, 5; Gen.17.15-
e Faith. Gen. 21.1-6. (Gen.3.20; Heb.11.39.)
f Rom.4.3; Gal. 3.6; Jas.2.23.
g Righteous- ness. Prov.
land to inherit it. 21.15,21.
8 And he said, Lord Gop, where- einen by shall I know that I shall inherit b M irae tes
Bg tA) IS en.
9 And he said unto him, Take me} _19.24,25,26. an heifer of three years old, and a Sana he she goat of three years old, and a i The Eight ram of three years old, and a turtle-|’ Covenants. dove, and a young pigeon. : Ex.19.25.
10 And he took unto him all furnaces
‘these, and divided them in the
midst, and laid each piece one against another: but the birds di- vided he not.
11 And when the fowls came down
*{upon the carcases, Abram drove
them away. 4 12 And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him. 13 And he said unto Abram,
Know of a surety that thy seed
shall be a stranger in a land that is not their’s, and shall serve them;
. |and they shall afflict them four hun- - |\dred years;
14 And also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge: and afterward shall they come out with great substance.
15 And thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old age.
16 But in the fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites zs not yet full.
17 And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold a smoking fur- nace, and a burning lamp that ’passed between those pieces.
18 In the same day the Lorp made a ‘covenant with Abram, 3say-
1“Tord” (Heb. Adon, Adonai).
(1) The primary meaning of Adon, Adonai, the Old Testament Scriptures both to Deity and to
is Master, and it is applied in man. The latter instances are
distinguished in the English version by the omission of the capital. As applied to
man, the word is used of two relationships: master and husban 10, 12, “master,” may illustrate the former; Gen. 18. 12, these relationships exist between Christ and the believe
2 Cor. 11. 2, 3, “husband”’).
(2) Two principles inhere in the relation of m ter’s right to implicit obedience (John 13. 13; M servant’s right to direction in service (Isa. 6. 8-11).
the divine names is illustrated in Ex. 4. 10-12.
competency, and “Moses said unto the Lorp [Jehovah], O my Lord
not eloquent,” etc.
thy mouth.” The same distinction
of Deity: Gen. 1. 1, note; 2. 4, note;
21, 33, note; 1 Sam. 1. 3, note.
2“Lord Gop” (Heb. Adonai Jehovah). pound name, while gathering into one the speci
15. 2, note) will be found to empha acter of Deity. 2, 8; Deut. 3. 24; 9. 26: Josh. 7. 1 Ki. 2. 26; Psa. 69. 6; 71. 5; Isa. 7.
note; 2.4, note; 2. 7; 14. 18, note;
Lge
3The Abrahamic Covenant as form 14-17; 15. 1-7; 17. 1-8) is in seven distin
(The following passages m
Since service is in question, Jehovah as Lord. But now power is in question, but Jehovah (LorD) who answers (referring to cre unto him, Who hath made man’s mouth? .
appears
size the A ay 7; Jud. 6. 7). See, 15a;
ct parts: 24
d (Gen, 24. 9, “lord,” the latter). Both ¢ (John 13: 13, “master”;
aster and servant: (3) the Mas- t. 23. 10; Lk. 6. 46); (6) the Clear distinction in the use of Moses feels his weakness and in- i [Adonai], I am Moses (appropriately) addresses and it is not the Lord (Adonai) ation power)—‘‘and Jehovah said
. . Now therefore go, and I will be with in Josh. 7. 8-11. 2. 73 14. 18, note; 15 2, note; 17 1, note,
See, for other names
When used distinctively, this com- al meanings of each (Gen. 1.1, note; donai rather than the Jehovah char-
suffice to illustrate this: Gen. 15. 22; 16. 28; 2 Sam. 7. 18-20, 28, 29;
for other names of Deity: Gen. 1. 1, note; 17.1, note; 21, 33, note; 1 Sam.
ed (Gen. 12. 1-4) and confirmed (Gen. 13.
"
*
:
15 19]
GENESIS.
[16 11
ing, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Eu- phrates:
19 The Kenites, and the Keniz- zites, and the Kadmonites, i
20 And the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Rephaims,
21 And the Amorites, and the Ca- naanites, and the Girgashites, and the Jebusites.
CHAPTER 16. The birth of Ishmael. OW Sarai Abram’s wife bare him no children: and she had an handmaid, an Egyptian, whose
name was Hagar. ? 2 And Sarai said unto Abram, Be-
- hold now, the LorD hath restrained
me from bearing: I pray thee, go in unto my maid; it may be that I may obtain children by her. And Abram hearkefhed to the voice of Sarai.
3 And Sarai Abram’s wife took! THagar her maid the Egyptian, after, Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to her husband Abram to be his wife.
4 And he went in unto Hagar, and she conceived: and when she saw that she had conceived, her mis- tress was despised in her eyes.
B.c. 1913. | 5 And Sarai said unto Abram, My wrong be upon thee: I have given my maid into thy bosom; and when she saw that she had con- ceived, I was despised in her eyes: bee LorpD judge between me and thee.
6 But Abram said unto Sarai, Be- hold, thy maid zs in thy hand; do to her as it pleaseth thee. And when Sarai dealt hardly with her, she fied from her face.
7 And the @angel of the Lorp found her by a fountain of water in the wilderness, by the fountain in the way to Shur.
8 And he said, Hagar, Sarai’s maid, whence camest thou? and whither wilt thou go? And she said, I flee from the face of my mis- tress Sarai.
9 And the 4angel of the Lorp said unto her, Return to thy mis- ee and submit thyself under her
ands.
a Heb.1.4, note.
bi.e. God shall hear.
10 And the @angel of the Lorp &
\
said unto her, I will multiply thy ~
seed exceedingly, that it shall not be numbered for multitude.
11 And the ¢angel of the Lorp »
said unto her, Behold, thou art with
child, and shalt bear a son, and ”
shalt call his name %Ishmael; be-
(1) “I will make of thee a great nation.” Fulfilled in a threefold way: (a) In a natural posterity—‘‘as the dust of the earth”? (Gen. 13. 16; John 8. 37), viz. the
Hebrew people.
(b) In a spiritual posterity—“look now toward heaven .
- » SO
shall thy seed be’” (John.8. 39; Rom, 4. 16, 17; 9. 7, 8; Gal. 3. 6, 7, 29), viz. all men
of faith, whether Jew or Gentile. 18-20)
15, 17;
(c) Fulfilled also through Ishmael (Gen. 17,
(2) “I will bless thee.”? Fulfilled in two ways: (a) temporally (Gen. 13. 14, 15. 18; 24. 34, 35); (6) spiritually (Gen. 15.6; John 8.56). 3) ‘And make thy name great.’”? Abraham’s is one of the universal names.
“And thou shalt be a blessing” (Gal. 3. 13, 14). 5) “I will bless them that bless thee.” In fulfillment closely related to the
next clause.
(6) “And curse him that curseth thee.” Wonderfully fulfilled in the history
of the dispersion. It has invariably fared ill with the people who have persecuted the Jew—well with those who have protected him. The future will still more re- markably prove this Pagcrle eit nas 7; Isa. 14. 1, 2; Joel 3. 1-8; Mic. 5. 7-9; ag. 2. 22; Zech. 14. 1-3; Mt. 25. 40, 45). mat a (7) “In thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed.” This is the great evangelic promise fulfilled in Abraham’s Seed, Christ (Gal. 3. 16; John 8: 56-58). It brings into greater definiteness the promise of the Adamic Covenant concerning the Seed of the woman (Gen. 3. 15). : , I f Note.—The gift of the land is modified by prophecies of three dispossessions and restorations (Gen. 15. 13, 14, 16; Jer. 25. 11, 12; Deut. 28. 62-65; 30. 1-3). Two dispossessions and restorations have been accomplished. Israel is now in the third dispersion, from which she will be restored at the return of the Lord as King under the Davidic Covenant (Deut. 30. 3; Jer. 23. 5-8; Ezk. 37. 21-25; Lk. 1. 30-33; Acts 15. 14-17). : ; 7 ome for the other seven covenants: Edenic (Gen. 1. 28); Adamic (Gen. 3. 15); Noahic (Gen. 9. 1); Mosaic (Ex. 19. 25); Palestinian (Deut. 30. 3); Davidic
‘(2 Sam. 7. 16); New (Heb. 8. 8)
1 Hagar is a type of the law “which gendereth to bondage” (Gal. 4. 24, 25). 25
cy
16 12]
GENESIS.
[17 10
cause the LorD hath heard thy af- fiction.
12 And he will be a wild man; his hand will. be against every man, and every man’s hand against him; and he shall dwell in the presence of all his brethren.
13 And she called the name of the Lorp that spake unto her, Thou God seest me: for she said, Have I also-here looked after him that seeth me?
14 Wherefore the well was called *Beer-lahai-roi; behold, it-is be- tween Kadesh and Bered.
15 And Hagar bare Abram a son: and Abram called his son’s name, which Hagar bare, Ishmael.
16 And Abram was fourscore and six years old, when Hagar bare Ish- mael to Abram,
CHAPTER 17.
The revelation of God as El Shaddai, Almighty God.
ANP when Abram was ninety years old and nine, the Lorp bappeared to Abram, and said unto him, I am the !Almighty God; walk before me, and be thou ¢per- fect.
2 And I will make my covenant between me and thee, and will mul- tiply thee exceedingly.
3 And Abram fell on his face: and God talked with him, saying,
ai.e. The weil of him that liveth and seeth me. Gen.24.62; 25.11.
b The the- ophanies. Gen.18.1. (Gen.12.7; Rev.1.9.)
c Deity (names of). Gen.21.33. Gen. 1.1; Mal.3.18.)
d Or, upright, or sincere.
eOr, high father.
f Or, father of many na- tions.
g Rom.4.17.
Abram becomes Abraham...
4 As for me, behold, my covenant is with thee, and thou shalt be a father of many nations.
5 Neither shall thy name any more be called «Abram, but thy name shall be ‘Abraham; for a
&father of many nations have I.
made thee.
The Abrahamic Covenant con-—
firmed and made everlasting. 6 And I will make thee exceeding
fruitful, and I will make nations of © thee, and kings shall come out of |
thee.
7 And I will establish my cove: nant between me and thee and thy | seed after thee in their generations |
for an everlasting covenant, to be a
God unto thee, and to thy seed after :
thee.
8 And I will give unto thee, and to -
thy seed after thee, the land where- |
in thou art a stranger, all the land | of Canaan, for an everlasting pas-
session; and I will be their God. Circumcision established as the
sign of the Abrahamic Cove- |
nant.
9 And God said unto Abraham, © Thou shalt keep my covenant there-
fore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations,
10 This 7s my covenant, which ye —
shall keep, between me and you and
i“ Almighty God” (Heb. El Shaddai.) (1) The etymological signification of Almi
teresting and touching. God (£/) signifies the
thy seed after thee; Every man
ghty God (EI Shaddai) is both in- “Strong One”
(Gen. 1.1, note). The
qualifying word Shaddai is formed from the Hebrew word “shad,” the breast, invariably used in Scripture for a woman’s breast; e.g. Gen. 49. 253° Job 3. 128
Psa. 22. 9! Song VEE Ge bis: 1 By We therefore means primarily
giver and Satisfier of His people. dai” was translated “Almighty.” signifies almightiness.
8; 8. 1, 8, 10; Isa. 28. 9; Ezk. 16, 7. “the breasted.” Nourisher, the Strength-giver, and so, pours Himself into believing lives.
strengthened and nourished from the satisfied, so E] Shaddazt is that name
y.”’ The primary name l “All-sufficient” meaning and the characteristic use of th
: (2) Almighty God (El Shaddai) not only is nowhere better illustrated than in the -first occurrence of the name (Gen, 17.
1-8). To aman ninety-nine years of age, and “‘as good as dead” [EI Shaddai] . is the use of the hame in Gen. 28. 3, 4.
Almighty God (EI Shaddai) chastens His people. For the moral connection of chastening with fruit-bearing, see John 15. 2; Heb. Almighty is the characteristic name of God in Job, that book. The hand of El Shaddai falls upon Job, in judgment, but in purifying unto greater fruitful- See, for other names of Deity: Gen. 1. i 2, note; 21. 33, note; 1 Sam. 1. 3, note.
said: “I am the Almighty God ceedingly.” To the same purport 3) As Giver of fruitfulness,
12. 10; Ruth 1. 20. Hence, occurring thirty-one times in the best man of his time, not ness (Job 5. 17-25).
2.73; 14. 18, note; 15,
26
Shaddai
” God is ‘‘Shaddai,’” because He is the in a_ secondary sense, the Satisfier, who As a fretful, unsatisfied babe is not only mother’s breast, but also is quieted, rested, of God which sets Him forth as the Strength- It is on every account to be regretted that “Shad- i El or Elohim sufficiently — would far better express both the Hebrew € name in Scripture.
enriches, but makes fruitful. This
(Heb. 11. 12), He
I will... multiply thee ex-
+ note; 2. 4, note;
17 11).
GENESIS.
[18 9
child among you shall be circum-| B.C. 1898. |
cised.
11 And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a “token of the covenant betwixt me and you.
12 And he that is eight days old shall be 4circumcised among you, every man child in your genera- tions, he that is born inthe house, or bought with money of any stranger, which 7s not of thy seed.
13 He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant.
14 And the uncircumcised man child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant.
The promise of Isaac, in whom the line of Christ runs.
i5 And God said unto Abraham, As for Sarai thy wife, thou shalt not call her name Sarai, but “Sarah shall her name be.
16 And I will bless her, and give
ee a son also of her: yea, I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of tae ; kings of people shall be
ef.
17 Then Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, Shall a child be born unto him that is an hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear?
18 And Abraham 4said unto God, O that Ishmael might live before ‘thee!
19 And God said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my ‘covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his fseed after him.
Ishmael to be a nation.
°20 And as for Ishmael, heard thee: Behold, I have blessed
him, and will make him fruitful,)
and will multiply him exceedingly; 8twelve princes shall He beget, and I will make him a great nation.
21 But my covenant will I estab- lish with Isaac, which Sarah shall
bear unto! thee at this set time in)
the: next year.
22 And he left off talking with)
him, and God went up from Abra- ham.
|b Lk.2.21;
| 3; Col.2.11.
I have
a Rom.4,9-12, Rom.2. 25- 29; 19; Gal.5.2,
ci.e. princess.
d Bible pray- ers (O.T.). Ger..18.23.
(Gen.15.2; Hab.3.1-16.) e Israel (cove- nant). vs.15-
21; Gen.22, 16-18. (Gen. 12.2,3; Rom. 11.26.)
f Christ (first advent). Gen.24.60. (Gen.3.15; Acts 1.9.)
g Gen.16.10; 25.12-16.
h The theoph- anies. Gen. 26.2,24. (Gen.12.7 Rev.1.9.)
i Cf.Gen.19. 1. For sig-
nificance of Abraham's tent, Heb.11. 9,1
23 And Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all that were born in his house, and all that were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham’s house; and circumcised the flesh of their fore- skin in the selfsame day, as God had said unto him.
24 And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his fore- skin.
25 And Ishmael his son was thir- teen years old, when he was circum: cised in the flesh of his foreskin.
26 In the selfsame day was Abra- ham circumcised, and Ishmael his
son.
27 And all the men of his house, born in the house, and bought with money of the stranger, were circum- cised with him.
CHAPTER 18.
Abraham, “‘the friend of God.’” (Cf. John 3. 29; 15. 13-15.)
ND the Lorp “appeared unto
him in the plains of Mamre:
and he sat in the ‘tent door in the heat of the day;
2 And he hft up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground,
3 And said, My Lord, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant:
4 Let alittle water, I pray you, be fetched, and wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree: ~
5 And I will fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort ye your hearts; after that ye shall pass on: for therefore are ye come to your ser- vant. And they said, So do, as thou hast said.
6 And Abraham hastened into the tent unto Sarah, and said, Make ready quickly three measures of fine meal, knead it, and make cakes upon the hearth.
7 And Abraham ran unto the herd, and fetcht:a calf tender and good, and gave i# unto a young man; and he hasted to dress. it.
8 And he took butter, and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he. stood by them under the tree, and they did eat. __
9 And they said unto him, Where
18 10) GENESIS. [1919
as Sarah thy wife? And he said,| B.C. 1898, | 24 Peradventure there be fifty Behold, in the tent. righteous within the city: wilt thou
10 And he said, I will certainly return unto thee according to the time of life, and, lo, ¢Sarah thy ‘wife shall have a,son. And Sarah theard it in the tent door, which was ‘behind him.
11 Now Abraham and Sarah were old and well stricken in age; and it ceased to be with Sarah after the ‘manner of women.
12 Therefore Sarah laughed with- in herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord ‘being old also?
13 And the LorD said unto Abra- tham, Wherefore did Sarah laugh, ‘saying, Shall I of a surety bear a child, which am old?
14 Is any thing too hard for the Lorp? At the time appointed I
therein?
after this manner, to slay the right- eous with the wicked: and that the righteous should be as the wicked, that be far from thee: Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?
26 And the Lorp said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes.
27 And Abraham answered and said, Behold now, I have taken
which am but dust and ashes:
will return unto thee, according to And he said, If I find there forty the time of life, and Sarah shall)? CfRom.9.9.. land five, I will not destroy it. ‘have a son. b Communion | 29 And he spake unto him yet
15 Then Sarah denied, saying, I} (vs.1-8) and |again, and said, Peradventure there laughed not; for she was afraid.| intercession (shall be forty found there. And he rpiialey said, Nay; but thou didst| 8°‘? pi I will not do it for forty’s ‘laugh. c Bible pray- |sake,
16 And the men rose up from eee 30 And he said unto him, Oh let ‘thence, and looked toward Sodom:| (Gen15.2; |not the Lord be angry, and I will sand Abraham went with them to] Hab.3.1-16.) |speak: Peradventure there shall bring them on the way. ete thirty be found there. And he said,
nd the Lorp said, Shall I|" 99: I will not do st, if I find thirty
‘hide from Abraham that thing there. which I do; pea er 31 And he said, Behold now, I 18 Seeing that Abraham shall] "°° have taken upon me to speak unto
surely become a great and mighty] Lot was a the Lord: Peradventure there shall
‘nation, and all the nations of the terres be twenty found there. And he
Sinatra ‘ik ie a i. ane ‘7 20) in a place pas t a not destroy it for twen- ow him, that he will] devoted to y’s sake,
command his children and_ his} judgment. 32 And he said, Oh let not the
also destroy and not spare the place © for the fifty righteous that are —
25 ‘That be far from thee to do —
upon me to speak unto the Lord, —
:
‘household after him, and they shall| $f 4°t27- |Lord be angry, and I will speak yet keep the way of the Lorp, to do but this once: Peradventure ten Justice and judgment; that the shall be found there. And he said, LorD may bring upon Abraham I will not destroy st for ten’s ‘that which he hath spoken of him. sake.
20 And the Lorp said, Because 33 And the Lorp went his way, the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is as soon as he had left communing great, and because their sin is very with Abraham: and Abraham re- “grievous; turned unto his place.
21 I will go down now, and see whether they have done altogether CHAPTER 19. -according to the cry of it, which is The d. 5 come unto me; and if not, I will 6 destruction of Sodom. The Neslour’ third step in Lot’s backslid-
22 And the men turned their faces ing: a great man in Sodom ‘from thence, and went toward (v. 1). (See Gen, 13. 10, 12; ‘Sodom: but Abraham stood yet be- 19. 33.) fore the Lorp. ND there 4came two ¢angels to
Abraham the intercessor. . Sodom at even; and Lot /sat j in the gate of Sodom: and Lot see-
23 And Abraham drew ®near, and ing them rose up to meet them; vsaid, ‘Wilt thou also destroy the and he bowed himself with his face righteous with'the wicked? toward the ground;
28
GENESIS. [19 27
2 And he said, Behold now, my lords, turn in, I pray you, into your servant's house, and tarry all night, and wash your feet, and ye shall tise up early, and go on your ways. And they said, Nay; but we will abide in the street all night.
3 And he pressed upon them greatly; and they turned in unto him, and entered into his house; and he made them a feast, and did bake ¢unleavened bread, and they did eat.
4 But before they lay down, the men of the city, even the men of, Sodom, compassed the house round, both old and young, all the people from every quarter:
5 And they called unto Lot, and said unto him, Where are the men which came in to thee this night? bring them out unto us, that we may know them.
6 And Lot went outat the door unto them, and shut the door after
im, 7 And said, I pray you, brethren,
do not so wickedly.
8 Behold now, I have two daugh- ters which have not known man; let me, I pray you, bring them out unto you, and do ye to them as is good in your eyes: only unto these men do nothing; for therefore came - they under the shadow of my
roof.
9 And they said, Stand back. ‘And they said again, This one fellow came in to sojourn, and he will needs be a judge: now will we deal worse with thee, than with them. And they pressed sore upon
_ the man, even Lot, and came near to break the door.
10 But the men put forth their hand, and pulled Lot into the house to them, and shut to the door.
11 And they smote the men that were at the door of the house with blindness, both small and great: so that they wearied themselves to find the door.
12 And the men said unto Lot, Hast thou here any besides? son in law, and thy sons, and thy daugh- ters, and whatsoever thou hast in the city, bring them out of this place:
13 For we will destroy this place, - because the cry of them is waxen great before the face of the LoRD; and the LorpD hath sent us to de-
stroy it.
14 And «Lot went out, and spake unto his sons in law, which married!
B.C. 1898.
a Leaven. Ex, 12.8,15-20, 34,39. (Gen. 19.3; Mt.13, 33.)
6 The world’s contempt for a worldly be- liever.
¢ Lot had ut- terly lost his testimony. In gaining influence (Gen.19.1) he had. lost power, even in his own family.
d Heb.1.4, note.
¢ Miracles (O.T ), vs.24- 26; Gen.20. 17,18. (Gen. 5.24; Jon.2, 1-10.)
f Lk.17.32,
29
his daughters, and said, Up, get you out of this place: for the Lorp will destroy this city. But he seemed as one that mocked unto his sons in law.
15 And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, say- ing, Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters, which are here; lest thou be consumed in the iniquity of the city.
16 And while he lingered, the men laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his wife, and upon the hand of his two daughters; the LorD being merciful unto him: and they brought him forth, and set him without the city.
17 And it came to pass, when they had brought them forth abroad, that he said, Escape for thy life; look not behind thee, neither stay thou in all the plain; escape to the mountain, lest thou be con: sumed.
18 And Lot said unto them, Oh, not so, my Lord:
19 Behold now, thy servant hath found grace in thy sight, and thou hast magnified thy mercy, which thou hast shewed unto me in saving my life; and I cannot escape to the mountain, lest some evil take me, and I die:
20. Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it zs a little one: Oh, let me escape thither, (is it not a little one?) and my soul. shall
ive.
21 And he said unto him, See, I have accepted thee concerning this thing also, that I will not over- throw this city, for the which thou hast spoken.
22 Haste thee, escape thither; for I cannot do any thing till thou be come thither. Therefore the name
of the city was called Zoar.
23 The sun was risen upon the earth when Lot entered into Zoar
24 Then the LorD ¢rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brim- stone and fire from the LORD out of heaven;
25 And he overthrew those cities, and all the plain, and all the inhab- itants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
26 But his ‘wife looked back from behind him, and she became a pillar of salt.
27 And Abraham gat up early in the morning to the place where he stood before the Lorp:
19 28] GENESIS. [20 9
28 And he looked toward Sodom)! B.c. 1898. |same is the father of the Moabites
and Gomorrah, and toward all the unto this day.
land of the plain, and beheld, and, 38 And the younger, she also bare
lo, the smoke of the country went a son, and called his name Ben-
up as the smoke of a furnace. ammi: the same 1s the‘father of the 29 And it came to pass, ¢when children of Ammon unto this day.
God destroyed the cities of the
plain, that God remembered Abra- CHAPTER 20.
ham, and sent Lot out of the midst
, of the overthrow, when he over- Abrahams lapse at Gerar
threw the cities in the which Lot Gece 2a: eg dwelt. je Abraham journeyed from 30 And Lot went up out of Zoar, thence toward the south coun- and dwelt in the mountain, and his try, and dwelled between Kadesh two daughters with him; for he and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar. feared to dwell in Zoar: and he 2 And Abraham said of Sarah his dwelt in a cave, he and his two wife, She is my sister: and Abime- daughters. lech king of Gerar sent, and took 31 And the firstborn said unto the} - \Sarah, younger, Our father is old, and | 3. But God came to Abimelech in there is not a man in the earth to a dream by night, and said to him, come in unto us’ after the manner) See v.36, Behold, thou art but a dead man, of all the earth: note, for the woman which thou hast 32 Come, let us make our father); yo¢ “pitched |taken; for she is a man’s wife. drink wine, and we will lie with] teward 4 But Abimelech had not come him, that we may preserve seed of Aaa 12) [near her: and he said, Lord, wilt our father, fanmvorlaly? thou slay also a righteous nation? advantage; 5 Said he not unto me, She fs my
The last step in Lot’s backslid-| then became |sister? and she, even she herself ing. (See Gen. 13. 10, 12; 19.1.) 2°S45™*" |said, He is my brother: in the integ- Cf. Lk. 22. 31-62.) (Gen.19.1), _|rity of my heart and innocency of
= ye aus of |my hands have I done this.
33 And they made their father) tery accept. | 6 And God said unto him in a
drink wine that night: and the} ing the dream, Yea, I know that thou didst firstborn went in, and lay with aera of this in the integrity of thy heart; her father; and he perceived not| ome for I also withheld thee from sin- when she lay down, nor when she: ning against me: therefore suffered arose. I thee not to touch her.
34 And it came to pass on the 7 Wow therefore restore the man morrow, that the firstborn said un- his wife; for he 1s a prophet, and he to the younger, Behold, I lay yes- shall pray for thee, and thou shalt ternight with my father: let us| live: and if thou restore her not, make him drink wine this night! know thou that thou shalt surely also; and go thou in, and lie with! die, thou, and all that are thine. him, that we may preserve seed of| 8 Therefore Abimelech rose early our father. ; in the morning, and called all his
35 And they made their father servants, and told all these things drink wine that night also: and in their ears: and the men were sore the younger arose, and lay with afraid. ‘ him; and he perceived not when 9° Then Abimelech called Abra- she lay down, nor when she arose. ham, and said unto him, What hast
36 1Thus were both the daugh- thou done unto us? and what have ters of Lot with child by their |I offended thee, that thou hast father {brought on me and on my kingdom
37 And the firstborn bare a son, a great sin? thou hast done deeds and called his name Moab: the unto me that ought not to be done.
1 Abraham and Lot are contrasted characters. Of the same stock (Gen. 11. 31), subjected to the same environment, and both justified men (Gen. 15. 6; 2 Pet. 2. 7,8), the contrast in character and career is shown to be the result of their Tespective choices at the crisis of their lives. Lot ‘chose him all the plain of Jordan” for pres- ent advantage; Abraham “looked for a city which hath foundations” (Heb. 11. 10), and (Gen. -13. 18) “came and dwelt in the plain of Mamre (fatness), which is in
Hebron” (communion), The men remain types of the worldly and ‘the spiritual believer. 30
_ P { 20 10) GENESIS. [21 16 10 And Abimelech said unto, sc. 1898. | 5 And Abraham was an hundred
_ Abraham, What sawest thou, that ’ thou hast done this. thing? 11 And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the ¢fear of God zs not in this place; and they will, slay me for my wife’s sake.
12 And yet indeed she is my sis- ter; she #s the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife.
13 And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father’s house. that I said unto her,
_ This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me,
years old, when his son Isaac was born unto him.
6 And Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me.
7 And she said, Who would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck? for I have born Aim a son in his old
age.
8 And the child grew, and was weaned: and Abraham made a great feast the same day that Isaac was weaned.
The bondwoman and her son
He is my brother. cast out (Gai, 4. 21-31). 14 And Abimelech took sheep, Sashes ) and oxen, and menservants, and 9 And Sarah saw the son of Ha- womenservants, and gave them deter as gar the Egyptian, which she had unto Abraham, and restored him ‘ born unto Abraham, mocking. Sarah his wife. b Miracles 10 Wherefore she said unto Abra- _ 15 And Abimelech said, Behold, eee ham, ¢Cast out this bondwoman my land is before thee: dwell-where| 3°°(Gen.5.24;,and her son: for the son of this it pleaseth thee. ” Jon.2.1-10.) |bondwoman shall not be heir with “nla hate nt ae eh ear wot Rie Wind wa very air ousand pieces of silver: behold,) 1/14. (Gen. |ous in Abraham’s sight be - hers a thee a ee. of ow ae $20; Heb. his seal : Sen one unto all that are with thee, and with pA 12 And God said unto Abraham, all other: thus she was reproved. |d Miracles Let i€'not be grievous in thy sight 17 So Abraham prayed unto God:| (0.T.). Ex. |because of the lad, and because of and God healed Abimelech, and his) (@20%'7,. _|thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah # aie eau a! and} Jon.2.1-10.) aoa said unto pete ee unto they bare children. é er voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed 18 For the Lorp had fast closed/*$'3:18: 4; |be called. up all the wombs of the house of| 7-10. 13 And also of the son of the Abimelech, because of Sarah Abra- bondwoman will I make a nation, _ ham’s wife. because he is thy seed.
CHAPTER 21. The birth of Isaac.
ND the Lorp visited Sarah as he had <said, and the Lorp did unto Sarah as he had spoken. 2 For Sarah ¢conceived, and bare} _ Abraham a son in his old age, at the set time of which God had spoken to him. - 3 And Abraham called the name) of his son that was born unto him, | _whom Sarah bare to him, ?Isaac. 4 And Abraham circumcised his son Isaac being eight days old, as God had commanded him.
—*
14 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took bread, and a bottle of water, and gave rf unto Hagar, putting 1¢ on her shoulder, and the child, and sent her away: and she departed, and wandered in the wilderness of Beer-sheba.
15 And the water was spent in the bottle, and she cast the child under lone of the shrubs,
16 And she went, and sat her down over against him a good way off, as it were a bowshot: for she said, Let me not see the death of the child. And she sat over against him, and lift up her voice, and wept.
|
1 Sarah, type of grace, “the freewoman,” and of the ‘“‘Jerusalem which is above.”
See Gen. 17. 15-19; Gal. 4. 22-31.
2 Isaac is typical in a fourfold way: (1) of the Church as composed of the spiritual
children of Abraham (Gal (Gen. 22. 1-10; Phil. 2. 5-8;
. 4. 93); (2) of Christ as the Son “obedient unto death” (3) of Christ as the Bridegroom of a called-out bride
see Gen. 24; also “‘Church,” Mt. 16. 18 and refs.); (4) of the new nature of the ‘believer as “born after the Spirit” (Gal. 4.-29). 31
~ the lad; and the ¢angel of God
21 17) 17 And God heard the voice of
called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her, What aileth thee, Ha- gar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is.
18 Arise, lift up the lad, and hold him in thine hand; for I will make him a great nation.
19 And God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water; and she went, and filled the bottle with water, and gave the lad drink.
20 And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wil- derness, and became an archer.
21 And he dwelt in the wilderness) of Paran: and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt.
Abraham at Beer-sheba.
22 And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech and Phichol
the chief captain of his host spake} *
unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in all that thou doest:
23 Now therefore swear unto me here by God that thou wilt not deal falsely with me,,nor with my son, nor with my son’s son: but accord- ing to the kindness that I have done unto thee, thou shalt do unto me, and to the land wherein thou hast sojourned.
24 And Abraham said, I wiil swear.
25 And Abraham reproved Abim- elech because of a well of water, which Abimelech’s servants had violently taken away.
GENESIS.
B.C. 1892.
a Heb.1.4,
note,
b Deity (names of). Gen.35.11.
(Gen.1.1; Mail.3.18.)
1“Everlasting God” (Heb. El Olam).
(1) The Hebrew Olam is used in Scripture: (e.g. Lev. 5. 2, “hidden”; 2 Ki. 4. 27, “hid”: time or age (Lev. 25. 32, “at any time’; Josh. 24. 2, “in old ¢ime’’).
Psarhowis
26 And Abimelech said, I wot not who hath done this thing: neither didst thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it, but to day. :
27 And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abime- lech; and both of them made a covenant. : 28 And Abraham set seven ewe lambs of the flock by themselves.
29 And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What mean these seven ewe lambs which thou hast set by themselves?
30 And he said, For these seven ewe lambs shalt thou take of my hand, that they may be a witness unto me, that I havedigged this well.
31 Wherefore he called that place Beer-sheba; because there they sware both of them.
32 Thus they made a covenant at Beer-sheba: then Abimelech rose
. {up, and Phichol the chief captain
of his host, and they returned inte the land of the Philistines.
33 And Abraham planted a grove in Beer-sheba, and called there on the name of the Lorp, the beverlasting 1God.
34 And Abraham sojourned in the Philistines’ land many days.
CHAPTER 22,
The offering of Isaac.
2 AN it came to pass after these
things, that God did ‘tempt Abraham, and said unto him, Abra- ham:and he said, Behold, herelam.
(a) of secret or hidden things “hidest”); (b) an indefinite Hence the
word is used to express the eternal duration of the being of God (Psa. 90. 2, “From everlasting to everlasting’’), and is the Hebrew synonym of the Greek aion, age or
dispensation. See Gen. 1.
They are among the “everlasting” He is the God successive ages or dispensations. He is God over everlasting things.
2.4, note; 2.7; 14.18, note; 15. 2, note; 17, 1. note; experience of Abraham was
surrender of something (1) Country and kindred (Gen. 12.
2 The spiritual which involved a
27, 28, note 4, (2) The ideas therefore of things kept secret ‘bine in this word. Both ideas inhere in the doctrine of the dispensations or ages.
“mysteries” of God (Eph. 1. 9, 10; God (EI Olam) is, therefore, that name of Deity in virtue of which whose wisdom has divided all time and eternity into the mystery of It is not merely that
See, for other names of Deity: Gen. 1. 1, note;
1.
These were: 10. 34-39; 2 Cor. 6. 14-18). (2) His
nephew, Lot; especially dear to Abraham by nature, as a possible heir and asa
fellow believer (2 Pet. 2. 7, 8;
byiGen: 15,123, Cf. 2.1
im.,'2. 20, Ishmael (Gen. 17. 17, 18.
L Gen, 13,1418)! separation from one who, though a believer,
21;
22. 1-19, 32
Cf. Heb. 11. 17, 18).
The completeness of Abraham’s
was a “‘vessel unto dishonour,”’ is shown Acts 15. 36-40. Cf. 1 Chr. 13. 1-14; 15.1, 2). son Isaac, whom thou lovest” (Gen.
(3) His own plan about (4) Isaac, “thy son, thine only
a
_ 2 And he said, Take now thy son,
thine only son Isaac, whom thou
lovest, and get thee into the land of
Moriah; and offer him there for a
burnt-offering upon one of the
mountains which I will tell thee of. 3 4And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and tock two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, and clave the wood for the burnt-offering, and
' rose up, and went unto the place of
' which God had told him.
.4 Then on the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off,
5 And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide ye here with the ass; and I and the lad will go yon- der and worship, and %come again to you.
6 And Abraham took the wood of the burnt-offering, and laid rt upon Isaac his son; and he\ took the fire in his hand, and a knife; and they went both of them together.
7 And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I, my son. And he said, Behold the fire and the wood: but where zs the lamb for a burnt-offering?
8 And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a “burnt-offering: so they went both of them together.
9 And they came to the place
‘5
which God had told him of; and}
Abraham built an altar there, and _ laid the wood in order, and bound
Isaac his son, and laid him on the
altar upon the wood.
_ 10 And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to.slay his son.
11 And the ¢angel of the LorpD called unto him out of heaven, and ‘said, Abraham, Abraham: and he said, Here am I.
12 And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him: for now I know that thou ¢fearest God, see- ing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from. me. é
13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold be- hind Aim a ram caught in a thicket by his horns: and Abraham went
GENESIS.
B.C. 1872.
a Faith, vs.1- 14; Gen.50. 24,25. (Gen. 3.20; Heb. 11.39.)
b Resurrec-
aie s 4.32 35. (Job 19.25; 1 Cor.15.52.)
c Sacrifice (typical), vs- 8,13; Ex.12. S212 7- (Gen.4.4; Heb.10.18.)
d Heb.1.4,
note.
e Psa.19,9, note,
f Israel (cove- nant), vs.16- 18; Gen.26.
1The typical lessons here are:
[232
and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offering in the stead. of his son.
14 And Abraham called the name of that place Jehovah-jireh: as it is said to this day, In the mount of the Lorp it shall be seen,
The Abrahamic Covenant con- firmed.
15 And the dangel of the LorpD)
called unto Abraham out of heaven” the second time,
16 And fsaid, By myself have I sworn, saith the LorD, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only
son:
17 That in blessing*I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will mul- tiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies;
18 And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; be- cause thou hast obeyed my voice.
19 So Abraham returned unto his young men, and they rose up and went together to Beer-sheba; and
|Abraham dwelt at Beer-sheba.
20 And it came to pass after these things, that it was told Abraham, saying, Behold, Milcah, she’ hath also born children unto thy brother Nahor;
21 Huz his firstborn, and Buz his brother, and Kemuel the father of Aram,
22 And Chesed, and Hazo, and
m. |Pildash, and Jidlaph, and Bethuel.
23 And Bethuel begat Rebekah: these eight Milcah did bear to Na- hor,.Abraham’s brother.
24 And his concubine, whose
name was Reumah, she bare also Tebah, and Gaham, and Thahash, and Maachah.
CHAPTER 23. The death and burial of Sarah.
SAND Sarah was an hundred and seven and twenty years old. these were the years of the life of Sarah.
2 And Sarah died in Kirjath-arba; the same is Hebron in the land of Canaan: and Abraham came to
(1) Isaac, type of Christ “obedient unto death”
(Phil. 2. 5-8); (2) Abraham, type of the Father, who “‘spared not His own son, but
delivered Him up for us all”
(John 3. 16; Rom. 8. 32); (3) the ram,
type of substi-
tution—Christ offered as a burnt-offering in our stead (Heb. 10. 5-10); (4) cf resurrection (Heb. 11, 17-19). See also Jas. 2. 21-23, Boh ah
23 3] GENESIS. [241
mourn for Sarah, and to weep for} B.C. 1860. 13 And he spake unto Ephron in
er, ti Hone st apie Hoh ry Heap 3 And Abraham stood up from land, saying, But if thou wilt give © before his dead, and spake unto the it, I pray thee, hear me: I will give sons of Heth, saying, thee prey ce the field i‘ beh ks ~ 4 I amastranger and a sojourner me, an will bury my ; with you: give me a possession of 14 And Ephron answered Abra- a Jpuryingplace with you, that I ham, saying unto him, may bury my dead out of my sight. 15 My lord, hearken unto me: the 5 And the children of Heth an- ee oe Sips pray 4shekels , Saying unto him, of silver, what is that betwixt me _ Neer dale — load: thea art a and yee ele meee ees mighty prince among us: in the raham hearkened unto choice OF our sepulchres bury thy Ephron; and Abraham weighed to dead; none of us shall withhold Ephron the silver, which he had his sepulchre, but that named in the audience of the sons of from thee his sep ; y thou mayest bury thy dead. 4 Heth, ots Ben dsee sere pees 7 And Abraham stood up, an current money wi emer it. bowed himself to the people of the 17 And the field of Ephron, which land, even to the children of Heth. was in Machpelah, which was be- 8 And he communed with them,|) 4.. sexe: |fore eae ee oe fen bape saying, If it be your mind that 1)° =959q., or |whic was therein, ani e trees should ‘bury my dead out of my) 65 cents; also|that were in the field, that were in sight; hear me, and intreat for me| vY-16- all a borders round about, were to Ephron the son of Zohar, ieee made sure . 9 That tiie may give me the cave Tike as _18 Unto Abraham for g possession of Machpelah, which he hath, which is oa af ce ee Mee is in the end of his field; for as eth, before all that went in at the itch money as it is worth he shall gate of his city. : eG give it me for a possession of a a» aes “pang pumesetraerok = buryingplace amongst you. ara € in the cave o: e 10 And Ephron dwelt among the field of Machpelah before Mamre: children of Heth: and Ephron the the same is Hebron in the land of Hittite answered Abraham in the Canaan, audience of the children of Heth, 20 And the field, and the cave even of all that went in at the gate that is therein, were made sure unto of his city, saying, fe. penchant fos peneseeat one bury- 11 Nay, my lord, hear me: the ingplace by the sons of Heth. field give I thee, and the cave that is ag it ey in ang CHAPTER 24. presence of the sons of my people : give I it thee: bury thy dead. A bride for Isaac. 12 And Abraham bowed down 2 J 2 Nee tirene Hi. was old, and well himself bef6ére the people of the stricken in age: and the Lorp
land. had blessed Abraham in all things.
1Cf, Gen. 33. 19; 50. 133 Josh, 24. 32; Acts 7. 15, 16. A discrepancy in these statements has been fancied. It disappears entirely before the natural supposition that in the interval of about eighty years between the purchase by Abraham vf the family sepulchre (Gen. 23. 4-20) and Jacob’s purchase (Gen. 33. 19), the de- scendants of Hamor (or ‘“Emmor,” Acts 7. 15, 16) had resumed possession of the field in which thé burial-cave was situated. Instead of asserting an ancient title by inheritance, Jacob-repurchased the field. Heth was the commion ancestor.
* The entire chapter is highly typical: (1) Abraham, type of a certain king who would make a marriage for his son (Mt. 22. 2; John 6. 44); (2) the unnamed ser- vant, type of the Holy Spirit, who does not “speak of himself,” but takes of the things of the Bridegroom with which to win the bride (John 16. 13, 14); (3) the servant, type of the Spirit as enriching the bride with the Bridegroom’s gifts (Gal. 5. 22; 1 Cor. 12. 7-11); (4) the servant, type of the Spirit as bringing the bride to the meeting with the Bridegroom (Acts 13. 4: 16. 6, 7; Rom, 8.11; 1 Thes. 4. 14-16); (S) Rebekah, type of the Church, the ecclesia, the “‘called out” virgin bride of Christ (Gen. 24. 16; 2 Cor, 11. 2; Eph. 5. 25-32); (6) Isaac, type of the Bride- groom, “‘whom not having seen,” the bride loves through the testimony of the unnamed Servant (1 Pet. 1.8); (7) Isaac, type of the Bridegroom who goes out to meet and receive His bride (Gen. 24. 63; 1 Thes. 4. 14-16),
242],
GENESIS.
[24 29
2 And Abraham said unto his eld- est servant of his house, that ruled
over all that he had, Put, I pray
thee, thy hand under my thigh:
3 And I will make thee swear by the Lorp, the God of heaven, and the God of the earth, that thou shalt not take a wife unto my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell:
4 But thou shalt go unto my country, and to my kindred, and
- take a wife unto my son Isaac.
5 And the servant said unto him,| Peradventure the woman will not}
be willing to follow me unto this
and from the land of my kindred, and which spake unto me, and tha
land: must I needs bring thy son again unto the land from whence thou camest?
6 And Abraham said unto him, Beware thou that thou bring not my son thither again.
7 TheLorp God of heaven, which took me from my father’s house,
sware unto me, saying, Unto thy
B.C. 1857.
t|@ Heb.1.4
note,
seed will I give this land; he shall) Bible pray-
send his ¢angel before thee, and thou shalt take a wife unto my son from thence.
8 And if the woman will not be willing to follow thee, then thou shalt be clear from this my oath:
only bring not my son thither
again.
9 And the servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master, and sware to him concern-
ing that matter.
10 And the servant took ten
camels of the camels of his master,
_and departed; for all the goods of
his master were in his hand: and he arose, and went to Mesopota- mia, unto the city of Nahor.
11 And he made his camels to kneel down without the city by a
’ well of water at the time of the
evening, even the time that women go out to draw water.
12 And he bsaid, O LorD God of my master Abraham, I pray thee, send me good speed this day, and shew kindness unto my master Abraham.
13 Behold, I stand here by the well of water; and the daughters of the men of the city come out to draw water:
14 And let it come to pass, that the damsel to whom I shall say, Let down thy pitcher, I pray thee, that I may drink; and she shall say, Drink, and I will give thy
ers (O.T.). Gen.32.9. (Gen.15.2; Hab.3.1-16.)
¢ Jud.6.17,37; 2 Ki.20.9; Prov.16.33; Acts 1.26.
Cf.Mt.12.39.
Signs are given to faith, not to doubt.
d One shekel
=14 oz. troy:
35
camels drink also: Jet the same be she that thou hast appointed for thy servant Isaac; and ‘thereby shall I know that thou hast shewed kindness unto my master.
15 And it came to pass, before he had done speaking, that, behold, Rebekah came out, who was born to Bethuel, son of Milcah, the wife of Nahor, Abraham’s brother, with her pitcher upon her shoulder.
16 And the damsel was very fair to look upon, a virgin, neither had any man known her: and she went down to the well, and filled her pitcher, and came up.
17 And the servant ran to meet her, and said, Let me, I pray thee, drink a little water of thy pitcher.
18 And she said, Drink, my lord: and she hasted, and let down her pitcher upon her hand, and gave him drink.
19 And when she had done giving’ him drink, she said, I will draw water for thy camels also, until they have done drinking.
20 And she hasted, and emptied her pitcher into the trough, and
Iran again unto the well to draw
water, and drew for all his camels.
21 And the man wondering at her held his peace, to wit whether the LorpD had made his journey pros- perous or not.
22 And it came to pass, as the camels had done drinking, that the man took a golden earring of half a 4shekel weight, and two bracelets for her hands of ten shekels weight of gold;
23 And said, Whose daughter art
\thou? tell me, I pray thee: is there
room in thy father’s house for us to lodge in?
24 And she said unto him, I am the daughter of Bethuel the son of Milcah, which she bare unto Nahor.
25 She said moreover unto him, We have both straw and provender enough, and room to lodge in.
26 And the man bowed down his head, and worshipped the LORD.
27 And he said, Blessed be the Lorp God of my master Abraham, who hath not left destitute my master of his mercy and his truth: I being in the way, the Lorp led me to the house of my master’s brethren.
28 And the damsel ran, and told. them of her mother’s house these things.
29 And Rebekah had a brother.
ow eV}
[24 55
24. 30] GENESIS.
and his name was Laban: andj _ B.C. 1857. . Laban ran out unto the man, unto the well.
30 And it came to pass, when he saw the earring and bracelets upon his sister’s hands, and when he heard the words of Rebekah his sister, saying, Thus spake the man unto me; that he came unto the man; and, behold, he stood by the camels at the well. ‘
31 And he said, Come in, thou blessed of the LORD; wherefore standest thou without? for I have prepared the house, and room for the camels.
32 And the man came into the house: and he ungirded his camels, and gave straw and provender for the camels, and water to wash his feet, and the men’s feet that were with him.
33 And there was set meat before
im to eat: but he said, I will not eat, until I have tolc mine errand. And he said, Speak on.
34 And he said, I am Abraham’s servant.
35 And the Lorp hath blessed my master greatly; and he is become great: and he hath given him flocks, and herds, and silver, and gold, and menservants, and maid- servants, and camels, and asses.
36 And Sarah my master’s wife bare a son to my master when she was old: and unto him hath he given all that he hath.
37 And my master “made me swear, saying, Thou shalt not take a wife to my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, in whose land I dwell:
38 But thou shalt go unto my fa- ther’s house, and to my kindred, and take a wife unto my son.
39 And I said unto my master, Peradventure the woman will not follow me.
40 And he said unto me, The Lorp, before whom I walk, will send his ‘angel with thee, and pros- per thy way; and thou shalt take a wife for my son of my kindred, and of my father’s house:
41 Then shalt thou be clear from this my oath, when thou comest to my kindred; and if they give not thee one, thou shalt be clear from my oath.
42 And I came this day unto the well, and said, O (Lorp God of my master Abraham, if now thou da
|\@vV.3. 61 Ki.8.23,
c Heb.1.4, note.
ld v.12. ¢ 1 Sam.1.13,
prosper my way which I go: 43 Behold, I stand by the well of
36
water; and it shall come to pass,
that when the virgin cometh forth -
to draw water, and I say to her, Give me, I pray thee, a little water of thy pitcher to drink; :
44 And she say to me, Both drink thou, and I will also draw for thy camels: Jet the same be thie woman whom the Lorp hath appointed out for my master’s son.
45 And before I had done speak- ing in mine ‘heart, behold, Rebekah came forth with her pitcher on her shoulder; and she went down unto the well, and drew water: and I said unto her, Let me drink, I pray thee.
46 And she made haste, and let down her pitcher from her shoul- der, and said, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: so I drank, and she made the camels drink also.
47 And I asked her, and said, Whose daughter art thou? And she said, The daughter of Bethuel, Nahor’s son, whom Milcah bare unto him: and I put the earring upon her face, and the bracelets upon her hands.
48 And I bowed down my head, and worshipped the Lorp, and blessed the LoRD God of my master Abraham, which had led me in the right way to take my master’s brother’s daughter unto his son.
49 And now if ye will deal kindly
jand truly with my master, tell me:
and if not, tell me; that I may turn to the right hand, or to the left.
50 Then Laban and Bethuel an- swered and said, The thing pro- ceedeth from the LorD: we cannot speak unto thee bad or good.
51 Behold, Rebekah js before thee, take her, and go, and let her be thy master’s son’s wife, as the LorD hath spoken.
52 And it came to pass, that, when Abraham’s servant heard their words, he worshipped the LORD, bowing himself to the earth.
_93 And the servant brought forth Jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and. raiment, and gave them to Re- bekah: he gave also to her brother and to her mother precious things,
54 And they did eat and drink, he and the men that were with him, and tarried all night; and they rose up in the morning, and he said, Send me away unto my master,
55 And her brother and her mother said, Let the damsel abide with us a few days, at the least ten; after that she shall go.
24 56] GENESIS. 4513
. 56 And he said: unto them, Hinder] _ B.c. 1857. | 2 And she bare him Zimran, and es Uy Sea iad ae hath bane Ji ence ee Be Aen Midian, ¥ : me away tha | f $ I may go to my master. 3 And Jolenat beet Sheba, and
; ia fad aed said, pee call Sey Dedan. And the sons of Dedan damsel, and enquire at her mouth. were Asshurim, Letushi 58 And they called Rebekah, and eugai iastaNe ie Cee _ said unto her, Wilt thou_go with 4 And the sons of Midian; Ephah, y3 this man? And she said, I will go.; and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abi- Cand her’ mires, gad che chideemorieennch tan ee | ) 5 a e children of Keturah.
_ Abraham’s servant, and his men. . -
- “60 And they blessed Rebekah, and Isaac heir of all things(Heb. 1.2). — said unto her, Thou art our sister,| 5 And Abraham gave all that he _ bethou the mother of thousands of; had unto Isaac.
- millions, and let thy ¢seed possess| 6 But unto the sons of the concu- m the GOR oy which hate them. het which epee ae Ape:
— 61 An ebekah arose, and he am gave gilts, and sen cy - damsels, and they rode upon eet away from Isaac his son, while he ! eS and followed the man: and jyet abet eastward, unto the east _ the servant took Rebekah, and COTE ae ’ went his way. : } The death of Abraham : CAri
62 And Isaac came from the way oars 7 And these are the days of the ‘i of the well bLahai-roi; for he Bends Ms years of Abraham’s life which he “ ee coun aye! ae, ioe peas an hundred threescore and i =} een years. _ tate in the field at the eventide: and di-e. “the — 8 Then Abraham gave up the - he lifted up his eyes, and saw, and,| ye get 'ghost, and died in a good old age, _ behold, the camels were coming. and seeth |an old man, and full of years; and 64 And Rebekah lifted up her| ee ee was gathered to his people. eyes, and when she saw Isaac, she 14; 49-2" | 9 And his sons Isaac and Ishmael
: lighted off the camel. buried him in the cave of Machpe- _ 65 For she had said unto the ser- lah, in the field of Ephron the son . erent, Lhe Eat is ispeauat eet ; ‘ ri the Hittite, which is be-
m e fie o meet us? n ore Mamre; fi the servant had said, It is my 10 The field which Abraham pur- master: therefore she took a vail, chased of the sons of Heth: there
___ and covered herself. was Abraham buried, and Sarah a Aad sgore —e ail ty told Isaac all his wife.
j ings that he had done. 11 And it came to pass after the _ .67 And Isaac brought her into death of Abraham, that God blessed " his mother Sarah’s tent, and took his son Isaac; and Isaac dwelt by z hele < ee poems his wife; the well Lahai-roi.
an e loved her: and Isaac was
The generations of Ishmael. Ae ne pees ae the generations CHAPTER 25. ‘of Ishmael, raham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s hand- maid, bare unto Abraham:
comforted after his mother’s death.
Abraham weds Keturah,
ByREN again Abraham took a 13 And these are the names of the wife, and her name was *Ke- sons of Ishmael, by their names, turah. according to their generations: the
_ 1 This is the model servant: (1) he does not run unsent, vs. 2-9; (2) goes where
he is sent, vs. 4, 10; (3) does nothing else; (4) is prayerful and thankful, vs. 12-14,
26, 27; (5) is wise to win, vs. 17, 18, 21. Cf, John 4. 7; (6) speaks not of himself, but of his master’s riches and Isaac’s heirship, vs. 22, 34-36; Acts 1. 8; (7) presents
the true issue, and requires clear decision, v. 49.
2 As Sarah stands for “the mother of us all,” i.e. of those who, by grace, are one with the true Son of promise, of whom Isaac was the type (John 3. 6-8; Gal. 4. 26, 28, 29: Heb. 2. 11-13), and joint heirs of His wealth (Heb. 1. 2; Rom. 8. 16, 17), so Keturah (wedded after the full blessing of Isaac) and her children by Abraham may well stand for the fertility of Israel the natural seed, Jehovah’s wife (Hos. 2. 1-23) after the future national restoration under the Palestinian covenant (Deut. 30.
1-9, note). oy
25 14] GENESIS. [26 2
25 And the first came out red, all ever like an hairy garment; and they called his name /Esau.
26 And after that came his brother out, and his hand took hold on Esau’s heel; and his name was called Jacob: and Isaac was three- score years old when she bare them.
The sale of the birthright.
27 And the boys grew: and Esau was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in tents.
28 And Isaac loved Esau, because he did eat of Ais venison: but Re- bekah loved Jacob.
29 And Jacob sod pottage: and Esau came from the field, and he was faint:
30 And Esau said to Jacob, Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage; for I am faint: therefore was his name called “Edom.
31 And Jacob said, Sell me this day thy *birthright.
32 And Esau said, Behold, I am at the point to die: and what profit shall this birthright do to me?
33 And Jacob said, Swear to me this day; and he sware unto him: and he sold his birthright unto Jacob.
34 Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentiles: and he did eat and drink, and rose up, and went his way: thus Esau despised his birthright,
CHAPTER 26.
The Abrahamic Covenant con- firmed to Isaac.
ANe there was a ‘famine in the land, beside the first famine that was in the days of Abraham And Isaac went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar.
2 And the Lorp ¢appeared unto him, and said, ¢Go not down into Egypt; dwell in the land which I shall tell thee of:
firstborn of Ishmael, Nebajoth; and Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam,
14 And Mishma, and Dumah, and Massa,
15 Hadar, and Tema, Jetur, Na- phish, and Kedemah:
16 These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.
17 And these are the years of the life of Ishmael, an hundred and thirty and seven years: and he gave up the ghost and died; and was gathered unto his people. |
18 And they dwelt from Havilah unto Shur, that rs before Egypt, as thou goest toward Assyria: and he died in the presence of all his
brethren, Pee The generations of Isaac. 12.
19 And these are the generations) bie. red. of Isaac, Abraham’s soy: Abraham] . c.. Gen12. begat Isaac: 10, note.
20 And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah to wife, the|? The theoph- daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of| 94: Gen35.6 Padan-aram, the sister to Laban} (Gen.12.7; the Syrian. Rev. 1.10.)
21 And Isaac intreated the LORD) . cr.Gen.46.3, for his wife, because she was bar-| note.
‘ren; and the LorpD was intreated of him, and Rebekah his wife con- ceived.
22 And the children struggled to- gether within her; and she said, If it be so, why am I thus? And she went to enquire of the Lorp.
23 And the LorD said unto her, Two nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be sepa- rated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the ¢elder shall serve the younger.
The birth of Esau and Jacob.
24 And when her days to be deliv- ered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb.
1 Esau stands for the mere man of the earth (Heb. 12. 16,17). In many respects a nobler man, naturally, than Jacob, he was destitute of faith, and despised the SEE A eek it was a spiritual thing, of value only- as there was faith to ap- prehend it.
_* The “birthright” had three elements, (1) Until the establishment of the Aaronic priesthood the head of the family exercised priestly rights, (2) The Abrahamic family held the Edenic promise of the Satan- Bruiser (Gen. 3. 15)—Abel, Seth, Shem, Abraham, Isaac, Esau. (3) Esau, as the firstborn, was in the direct line of the Abrahamic promise of the Earth-Blesser (Gen. 12.3). For all that was revealed, in Esau might have been fulfilled those two great Messianic promises: This birth- right Esau sold for a momentary fleshly gratification. Jacob’s conception of the
birthright at that time was, doubtless, carnal and inadequate, but his desire for, it evidenced true faith, 38
26 3] F GENESIS. [26 26
3 4Sojourn in this land, and I will be with thee, and will bless thee; for unto thee, and unto thy seed, I will give all these countries, and I will perform the oath which I sware
15 For all the wells which his father’s servants had digged in the days of Abraham his father, the Philistines had stopped them, and filled them with earth,
16 And Abimelech said unto Isaac, Go from us; for thou art \ > much mightier than we, will give unto thy seed all these L A, heh countries; and in thy seed shall ali Sent grel 2 ieners
the nations of the earth be blessed; : 17 And Isaac departed thence, 5 Because that Abraham obeyed and pitched his tent in the valley of my voice,.and kept my charge, my Gerar, and dwelt there. commandments, my statutes, an 18 And Isaac digged again the my laws. Feb rea waters yan eae had igged in the days of Abraham his The lapse of Isaac. (Cf. Gen. 20. father: for the Philistines. had 1-18. stopped them after the death of 6 And Isaac dwelt in Gerar: Abraham: and he called their 7 And the men of the place asked: names after the names by which him of his wife; and he said, She zs his father had called them. my sister: for he feared to: say, She 19 And Isaac’s servants digged in ismy wife; lest, said he, the men of} the valley, and found there a well the placeshould killme for Rebekah;} of springing water.
because she was fair to look upon. 20 And the herdmen of Gerar did
8 And it came to pass, when he strive with Isaac’s herdmen, saying, had been there a long time, that}e Israel (cove- |The water 1s our’s: and he called Abimelech king of the Philistines} 222%)- vs-2- |the Iname of the well Esek; because
looked out at a window, and saw, gs oe? they strove with him. and, behold, Isaac was sporting} 12.2,3; 21 And they digged another well, with Rebekah his wife. Rom.11.26.) |and strove for that also: and he 9 And Abimelech called Isaac,|, called the name of it Sitnah, and. said, Behold, of a surety she is} 22 And he removed from thence, thy: wife: and how saidst thou, She}, and. digged another well; and for. -is my sister? And Isaac said unto}, that they strove not: and he called him, Because I said, Lest I die for} the name of it Rehoboth; and he er, said, For now the Lorp hath made 10 And Abimelech said, What. is} room for us, and we shall be fruitful this. thou hast done unto us? one}, in the land. of the people might lightly have 23 And he went up from thence to - lien with thy wife, and thou should-| Beer-sheba. est have brought guiltiness upon us.} 24 And the Lorp appeared unto 11 And Abimelech charged a him the same night, and said, I am - his people, saying, He that touch- the God of Abraham thy father: eth this man or his wife shall surely fear not, for I am with thee, and be put to death. will bless thee, and multiply thy 12 Then Isaac sowed in that land,| seed for my servant Abraham’s and received in the same year an} sake, 7 hundredfold: and the Lorp blessed 25 And he builded an altar there, him. and called upon the name of the 13 And the man waxed great, and Lorp, and pitched his tent there: went forward, and grew until he and there Isaac’s servants digged a became very great: well. 2 ; 14 For he had possession of 26 Then Abimelech went to him flocks, and possession of herds, and from Gerar, and Ahuzzath one of great store of servants: and the his friends, and Phichol the chief Philistines envied him. captain of his army.
1 The wells of Genesis have significant names, and are associated with significant events: (1) Beer-lahai-roi, the well of him that liveth and seeth me (Gen. 16. 14; 24. 62; 25.11). (2) Beer-sheba, the well of the oath or covenant (Gen. 21. 25-33; 22. 19; 26. 23-25; 46. 1-5). (3) Esek, contention (Gen. 26. 20). (4) Sitnah, hatred (Gen. 26. 21). Esek and Sitnah were Isaac’s own attempts at well-digging. Afterward, he dwelt by the old wells of his father. (5) Rehoboth, enlargement (Gen. 26. 22). a
3
26 27
27 And Isaac said unto them, Wherefore come ye to me, seging ye hate me, and have sent me away from you?
28 And they said, We saw Cer- tainly that the LORD was with thee: and we said, Let there be now an oath betwixt us, even betwixt us and thee, and let us make a cove- nant with thee; :
29 That thou wilt do us no hurt, as we have not touched thee, and as we have done unto thee nothing but good, and have sent thee away in peace: thou art now the blessed of the Lorb.
30 And he made them a feast, and they did eat and drink.
31 And they rose up betimes in the morning, and sware one to another: and Isaac sent them away, and they departed from him in peace.
32 And it came to pass the same day, that Isaac’s servants came, and told him concerning the well which they had digged, and said unto him, We have found water.
33 And he called it Shebah: therefore the name of the city is Beer-sheba unto this day.
34 And Esau was forty years old when he took to wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite:
35 Which were a grief of mind unto Isaac and to Rebekah.
CHAPTER 27 The stolen blessing.
7g it came to pass,that when Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, so that he could not see, he called Esau his eldest son, and said unto him, My son: and he said unto him, Behold, here am I.
2 And he said, Behold now, I am old, I know not the day of my death:
3 Now therefore take, I pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiver and thy bow, and go out to the field, and take me some venison;
4 And make me savoury meat, such as I love, and bring it to me, that I may eat; that my soul may bless thee before I die.
5 And Rebekah heard when Isaac spake to Esau his son. And Esau went to the field to hunt for veni- son, and to bring it.
6 And Rebekah spake unto Jacob her son, saying, Behold, I heard thy
B.C. 1804.
40
GENESIS.
[27 22
‘father speak unto Esau thy brother, saying,
‘7 +Bring me venison, and make me savoury meat, that I may eat, and bless thee before the LorpD before my death.
8 Now therefore, my son, obey my voice according to that which I command thee.
9 Go now to the flock, and fetch me from thence two good kids of the goats; and I will make them savoury meat for thy father, such as he loveth:
10 And thou shalt bring i¢ to thy father, that he may eat, and that he may bless thee before his death.
11 And Jacob said to Rebekah his mother, Behold, Esau my brother 7s ahairy man, andIamasmooth man:
12 My father peradventure will feel me, and I shall seem to him as a deceiver; and I shall bring a curse upon me, and not a blessing.
13 And his mother said unto him, ~ Upon me be thy curse, my son: © only obey my voice, and go fetch me them.
14 And he went, ana fetched, and brought them to his mother: and his mother made savoury meat, such as his father loved.
15 And Rebekah took goodly rai- ment of her eldest son Esau, which were with her in the house, and put them upon Jacob her younger son:
16 And she put the skins of the kids of the goats upon his hands, and upon the smooth of his neck:
17 And she gave the savoury meat and the bread, which she had prepared, into the hand of her son Jacob.
18 And he came unto his father, and said, My father: and he said, Here am I; who art thou, my son?
19 And Jacob said unto his father, I am Esau thy firstborn; I have done according as thou badest me: arise, I pray thee, sit and eat of my venison, that thy soul may bless me.
20 And Isaac said unto his son, How is it that thou hast found it so quickly, my son? And he said, Because the LorD thy God brought it to me.
21 And Isaac said unto Jacob, Come near, I pray thee, that I may feel thee, my son, whether thou be my very son Esau or not.
22 And Jacob went near unto Isaac his father; and he felt him, and said, The voice is Jacob’s
Er ieee ll
of Esau.
23 And he discerned him not, be- cause his hands were hairy, as his brother Esau’s hands: so he blessed
im.
24 And he said, Art thou my very son Esau? And he said, I am.
25 And he said, Bring it near to me, and I will eat of my son’s venison, that my soul may bless thee. And he brought it near to him, and he did eat: and he brought him wine, and he drank.
The blessing of Jacob.
26 And his father Isaac said unto him, Come near now, and kiss me, my Son.
27 And he came near, and kissed him: and he smelled the smell of his raiment, and blessed him, and said, See, the smell of my son is as the smell of a field which the LorD hath blessed:
28 Therefore God give thee of the
dew of heaven, and the fatness of the
earth, and plenty of corn and wine: 29 Let people serve thee, and na- tions bow down to thee: be lord over thy brethren, mother’s sons bow down to thee:
@cursed be every one that curseth)
thee, and blessed be he that bless- eth thee.
30 And it came to pass, as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing
Jacob, and Jacob was yet scarce
gone out from the presence of Isaac
his father, that Esau: his brother
came in from his hunting.
31 And he also had made savoury meat, and brought it unto his father, and said unto his father, Let my father arise, and eat of his son’s venison, that thy soul may bless me.
32 And Isaac his father said unto
him, Who art thou? And he said,
Iam thy son, thy firstborn Esau. 33 And Isaac trembled very ex-
ceedingly, and said, Who? where,
is he that hath taken venison, and
brought it me, and I have eaten of |
all before thou camest, and have blessed him? yea, and he shall be blessed.
_ Esau’s unavailing remorse. (See
Heb. 12. 16, 17.) 34 And when Esau heard the
_ words of his father, he cried with a
great and exceeding bitter cry, and
said unto his father, Bless me, even
me also, O my father
and let thy}
GENESIS.
voice, but the hands are the hands
a Gen.12.3; 15.18, note